84 results about "Butyl methacrylate" patented technology

The present invention relates to the technical field of tackified adhesive films and specifically to a tackified adhesive film. The tackified adhesive film comprises a substrate layer and a UV-tackified adhesive layer applied onto the substrate layer. The UV-tackified adhesive layer is prepared by using a modified polyester resin, which is obtained by the graft polymerization of a hydroxyl-terminated polyester resin, butyl methacrylate, and isocyanatoethyl methacrylate, as a main resin and mixing the main resin with a tackifying resin, a photo-curing agent and the like. The UV-tackified adhesive layer has relatively high cohesive strength and relatively good adhesion to a PET substrate. Before a UV-induced tackification reaction, an initial peel force is not significantly increased with the extension of standing time, so that an adhesive tape can be easily removed without causing damage and contamination such as residual adhesive to an adherend . After the UV-induced tackification reaction, the modified polyester resin can improve the bonding strength between the adhesive tape and the adherend.

The invention belongs to the technical field of acrylic plates, and particularly relates to a continuous casting high-hardness acrylic plate and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that siloxane modified methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate and n-butyl methacrylate are mixed, an azo initiator is added into the mixture, and then stirring and mixing are conducted to obtain pre-polymerized slurry; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing hydroxyl-terminated ether polysiloxane, isophorone diisocyanate and a catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, reacting to obtain a macromolecular prepolymer, and then adding an end-capping reagent and a photoinitiator into the macromolecular prepolymer to obtain coating slurry; and injecting the pre-polymerized slurry between two annular steel belts which operate synchronously, coating the two annular steel belts with the coating slurry, and carrying out ultraviolet curing to obtain the high-hardness acrylic plate. Through ultraviolet curing, a high-hardness layer is formed outside the acrylic plate, polyurethane is modified by hydroxyl-terminated ether polysiloxane, the rigidity of a soft chain segment is improved by a polysiloxane chain segment, and the hardness of polyurethane is improved.

The invention provides a waterproof heat-resistant mold coating which comprises the following components: modified acrylic resin, modified silicon dioxide, epoxy resin, kaolin, talcum powder, hexagonal boron nitride, zinc stearate, graphite, a solvent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the modified acrylic resin is obtained by polymerizing acrylic acid and butyl methacrylate and then grafting 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl) benzyl alcohol and triisopropyl silanol; the modified silicon dioxide is obtained by grafting perfluorooctyl ethylene, phenyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methylacrylate and oleic acid after silicon dioxide and a silane coupling agent react with each other. According to the waterproof heat-resistant mold coating disclosed by the invention, a silicon-oxygen bond, a benzene ring, a long fluorine chain and an organic chain segment are introduced into the modified silicon dioxide, and the silicon-oxygen bond, the benzene ring, the fluorine chain and the organic chain segment are introduced into the modified acrylic resin, so that the heat resistance, hydrophobicity and other properties of the coating are improved, and the waterproof heat-resistant mold coating has a good application prospect.

The application belongs to the technical field of medical biomaterials, and particularly relates to an interpenetrating network polymer based on phosphorylcholine polymer and a preparation method and application thereof. The application provides a sequential interpenetrating network method, which comprises the following steps: preparing a monomer infiltration solution containing phosphorylcholine monomer, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol methacrylate, a crosslinking agent and an initiator; dipping a high-molecular polymer matrix into the monomer infiltration solution, and performing ultrasonic oscillation treatment to promote the infiltration of monomers into the interior of the matrix; and performing a polymerization reaction to obtain a final product after washing; the material prepared by the application has excellent thermal stability, excellent swelling performance, intelligent pH response drug release capacity and biocompatibility, and is suitable for the fields of biological medicine and cosmetics.

Disclosed is an LED UV curable coating composition comprising one or more multifunctional aliphatic acrylate oligomers having an acrylate functionality of 2 or more, one or more monofunctional acrylate monomers, one or more difunctional acrylate monomers, methyl and / or butyl methacrylate, an aliphatic acrylate with primary hydroxyl groups, one or more multi-functional amino acrylates, one or more pigments, one or more photoinitiators, a methacrylate modified acidic adhesion agent, one or more UV absorbers, one or more flatteners, and one or more defoamers, and methods thereof.

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology and provides a method for preparing a drug sustained-release coating and a medical device containing the same. The method includes forming a drug sustained-release coating on the surface of the medical device using a drug sustained-release polymer and a drug. The drug sustained-release polymer is a multi-component polymer containing functional groups for anti-protein adsorption, drug sustained-release, and chemical cross-linking. While ensuring the anticoagulant properties and adhesion to the surface of the medical device, the drug sustained-release coating, through the synergistic effect of butyl methacrylate and trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate, achieves an initial burst release of less than 20% of the total drug amount and slows down drug release to ensure a drug release cycle in vivo of no less than 21 days. This drug sustained-release coating can release a stable amount of drug to the tissue wall it contacts over a long period, aiming to achieve a long-term therapeutic or preventative effect on diseases such as luminal stenosis.

The utility model relates to the technical field of n-butyl methacrylate production, and discloses a raw material mixing device capable of quantitatively feeding, which comprises a mixing cylinder, the upper end face of the mixing cylinder is fixedly connected with a sealing cover, a limiting mechanism is arranged in the sealing cover, the limiting mechanism comprises a moving block, a pull rod and two limiting blocks, an adjusting rod is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower end face of the moving block, first-stage limiting rods are hinged to the positions, close to the center, of the front end face and the rear end face of the outer wall of the adjusting rod correspondingly, and second-stage limiting rods are hinged to the ends, away from the adjusting rod, of the two first-stage limiting rods correspondingly. According to the feeding device, the feeding assembly can be maintained, cleaned or replaced, the feeding device is suitable for feeding tasks of feeding assemblies with different specifications or capacities, different production requirements are met, meanwhile, the stirring shaft in the device can be conveniently disassembled and maintained under the cooperation of the limiting mechanism, and the service life of the device is further prolonged.

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile chemicals, and discloses a fluoride-free waterproof and oil-proof agent for fabrics and a preparation method thereof. The fluorine-free waterproof and oil-proof agent is prepared from the following raw material components: an emulsifier, a basic monomer, a functional monomer and an initiator, the basic monomer comprises octadecyl methacrylate and / or butyl methacrylate, and the functional monomer comprises adamantyl methacrylate and triisopropyl methacrylic acid estersil. Specific functional monomers including methacrylic acid adamantyl ester and triisopropyl methacrylic acid silicone ester are introduced, so that the oil-proof performance of the fabric can be effectively improved, the waterproof and oil-proof grades can reach grade 4, and the contact angle is greater than or equal to 120 degrees; after the fabric is washed for 50 times, the waterproof grade and the oil-proof grade can still be kept at the level 3 or above; and the stable storage period under the accelerated test condition of 50 DEG C is more than 6 months.

This application relates to the field of pharmaceutical formulation technology, and particularly to a cefcarditol hydrochloride pulse formulation and its preparation method. The cefcarditol hydrochloride pulse formulation of this application comprises a first particle, a second particle, and a third particle. Each particle, from the inside out, has a particle layer, an isolation layer, and a pulse layer. The pulse layer comprises a film-forming agent and an anti-adhesion agent. The film-forming agent in the first, second, and third particles sequentially comprises one or more of the following: butyl methacrylate-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer, methacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer, methacrylate-methyl acrylate copolymer, methyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymer, and shellac. The cefcarditol hydrochloride pulse formulation of this application allows for once-daily dosing, effectively alleviating the problems of difficulty in taking cefcarditol hydrochloride tablets and poor patient compliance.

This invention relates to a class of methacrylate photoresists, their preparation method, and their photolithographic patterning applications, belonging to the fields of chemical synthesis and photolithography materials. The invention utilizes a one-step free radical copolymerization process to prepare photoresist resins from a specific molar ratio of ethyl adamantyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, and a hexafluorovinylphenyl monomer. This method not only achieves high yield and high product purity but is also environmentally friendly, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent processes and suitable for industrial-scale production. The photoresist resin prepared by this invention features controllable molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution. Photoresists containing this polymer resin can significantly improve problems such as unclear etching boundaries and large linewidth roughness, meeting higher photolithographic requirements. The one-step reaction synthesis method and convenient post-processing of the product after the reaction are advantageous. The low cost allows for large-scale production.

The invention discloses a method for synchronously separating ovalbumin, ovotransferrin and lysozyme from egg white, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adsorbing ovalbumin from egg white loading liquid by taking chitosan-polybutyl methacrylate nanocrystal gel with an anion exchange function as a primary separation medium, and carrying out gradient elution to obtain ovalbumin; taking a primary separation loading effluent as a secondary separation loading solution; hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-polyglycidyl methacrylate nanocrystal gel with a cation exchange function is taken as a secondary separation medium to adsorb ovotransferrin and lysozyme from a secondary separation loading solution, gradient elution is performed by gradually increasing salt concentration, and separation of ovotransferrin and lysozyme is realized. The method provided by the invention can realize synchronous separation of ovalbumin, ovotransferrin and lysozyme, has the advantages of high separation efficiency, simplicity and convenience in operation, low energy consumption and the like, and is suitable for industrial large-scale production, and the separation medium can be repeatedly used.

The application discloses a plastic embedding agent BMA / IBOMA resin, monomers of the resin are composed of butyl methacrylate (BMA) and isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) in a mass ratio of 6:1 to 7:2. The application further discloses a preparation method of the plastic embedding agent, which comprises the steps of mixing the two resins according to the mass percentage, and then adding a crosslinking agent and an initiator. The application further discloses a plastic embedding method compatible with multi-color fluorescence and immunofluorescence labeling, which adopts the BMA / IBOMA resin to embed a biological tissue sample. The embedding method has low cost, and the BMA and IBOMA are used as hydrophobic resin monomers to effectively maintain the fluorescence signal of the sample. In addition, the IBOMA can improve the cutting performance of the sample after embedding, and meet the 1-micron precision cutting requirement of the fMOST system.

The invention provides a cement joint sealing material for repairing high-speed rail roadbed slab cracks and a preparation method of the cement joint sealing material, and relates to the technical field of building materials. 300 parts of a modified acrylate emulsion; 0.6 to 1.2 parts of a defoaming agent; 4.5 to 5.4 parts of a water reducing agent; 0.8 to 1.2 parts of amino modified liquefied lignin; the modified acrylate emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials: a combined monomer, a functional monomer and amino modified liquefied lignin, the combined monomer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 3.8 to 4.2 parts of n-butyl acrylate, 3.8 to 4.2 parts of n-butyl methacrylate, 1.4 to 1.6 parts of isobutyl acrylate and 0.4 to 0.6 part of styrene; the functional monomer comprises acrylic acid. The invention provides a synthesis method of a modified acrylate emulsion copolymerized by multiple monomers, and a material meeting the requirement of repairing performance of high-speed rail roadbed slab cracks is prepared based on the emulsion and cement.

The application belongs to the technical field of drilling, and particularly relates to an oil and gas exploitation filter aid and a preparation process thereof. The water-absorbing and oil-absorbing double-absorption resin is prepared from soluble starch and butyl methacrylate, and is used together with calcium silicate, calcium carbonate and a compounded oil-soluble resin to prepare the oil and gas exploitation filter aid. The application has good filtration loss performance based on the high specific surface area and porous structure of calcium silicate and the synergistic effect of other components.

The invention discloses a hot-melt core-shell emulsion particle and a preparation method thereof, a treatment-free thermo-sensitive plate precursor containing the hot-melt core-shell emulsion particle, a treatment-free thermo-sensitive plate and application of the hot-melt core-shell emulsion particle and the treatment-free thermo-sensitive plate. The hot-melt core-shell emulsion particle comprises a core layer and a shell layer, and raw materials corresponding to a copolymerization unit of the core layer comprise styrene, acrylonitrile and a water-resistant reactive emulsifier; the corresponding raw materials of the shell layer copolymerization unit comprise vinyl oxetane, butyl methacrylate and a hydrophilic reactive emulsifier. The problem that the imaging capability, the on-machine developing capability and the pressrun of the treatment-free thermosensitive plate are difficult to consider at the same time is effectively solved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of poly (p-hydroxystyrene), poly (p-hydroxystyrene) and application, and relates to the technical field of organic synthesis. According to the preparation method, 4-acetoxystyrene, 4-hydroxyphenyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate and 1-ethyl cyclopentyl methacrylate are taken as monomers, and the P (HSt-co-HADMA) copolymers with different HADMA proportions are obtained through RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) polymerization. According to the copolymer, large-volume side groups are introduced, so that the glass-transition temperature of PHSt is effectively increased, the processing window of subsequent acid diffusion is improved, and the film-forming property of the copolymer is also effectively improved. Along with the increase of the HADMA content, the cracking condition of the film is improved, and the surface roughness is reduced.

The present invention provides electrolyte coatings, solid-state batteries, and power consumption devices. [Solution] The electrolyte coating is applied to the surface of a solid electrolyte, which comprises one or both of a sulfide electrolyte and a halide electrolyte. The electrolyte coating is a copolymer of perfluorohexylethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate. The present invention significantly improves the stability in air (even at high humidity) without significantly affecting conductivity by applying the electrolyte coating to the surface of sulfide electrolytes and halide electrolytes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of conductive composite materials, and particularly relates to a hydrophobic gel conductive composite material and a preparation method thereof. In order to solve the synergistic problem of an electronic equipment protection material in the aspects of flexibility, conductivity and environmental tolerance in an extreme temperature environment, the invention provides a hydrophobic gel conductive composite material which is prepared by the following steps: uniformly mixing butyl methacrylate, short-chain alkyl alcohol with the carbon atom number of 12-16 and a carbon nanotube to obtain a precursor mixed solution; and then adding a cross-linking agent and an initiator, and carrying out in-situ polymerization reaction. The composite material disclosed by the invention has hydrophobicity, excellent stretchability and stable conductivity, keeps structural integrity in an extreme temperature range of-40 DEG C to 120 DEG C, and realizes controllability of material performance. The method is suitable for space probe flexible circuit packaging, expandable antenna protection and other scenes, and has significant engineering application value.

A pressure sensitive adhesive comprising an aqueous polymer dispersion which comprises at least one polymer with monomeric units from a monomeric composition comprising (by weight): a) 60 to 95% of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate; b) 0.1 to 15% of butyl (meth)acrylate; c) 0.5 to 5% of a vinyl aromatic monomer; d) 0.1 to 4% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid; e) 0 to 20% of a vinylic ester of C2-C8 carboxylic acid; f) optionally, a monomer different from a), b), c), d) and e); g) at least 0.005% with respect to the total weight of monomers a)+b)+c)+d)+e)+f) of at least one chain transfer agent; the sum of a)+b)+c)+d)+e)+f) being equal to 100%, wherein said monomeric composition does not comprise any C1-C2 alkyl (meth)acrylate.

The application belongs to the field of ophthalmic nano-preparations, and particularly relates to an ophthalmic poly-nitrogen-oxygen amphoteric nano-drug carrier, an ophthalmic nano-preparation and a use. The nano-drug carrier is prepared by using a random copolymer of 2-(N-oxide-N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate, has an average particle size of 7-12 nm, and can be used for loading ophthalmic drugs such as cyclosporine A. Research shows that the nano-drug carrier has good corneal retention characteristics and corneal permeability, and after loading cyclosporine A, has a good relieving effect on corneal damage and local inflammation of dry eye model animals, and the safety of the nano-drug carrier is good, and the nano-drug carrier has a good application prospect.

The application belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical excipients, and particularly relates to a methyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate copolymer and a preparation method thereof; the monomer molar ratio of methyl methacrylate to butyl methacrylate in the copolymer is about 1:2.5-1:3.4, and the butyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer has the following structure. The butyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer with better adhesion and higher stability is prepared by limiting the monomer ratio, molecular weight and viscosity of the copolymer; and the preparation method of the butyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer has the comprehensive advantages of high heat dissipation efficiency, excellent product form and simple post-treatment.

This invention proposes a PET material with good ductility and its preparation method. The raw materials for preparing the PET material include: 0.2-8 wt% of acrylate polymer, 3-8 wt% of toughening agent, 0.1-1 wt% of antioxidant, 0.1-1 wt% of lubricant, and the balance being PET resin. The acrylate polymer is obtained by polymerizing styrene, glycidyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate. The PET material prepared by this invention has an increased molecular weight, improving its viscosity and mechanical properties, enhancing its stability during processing, improving its ductility, and increasing its hydrophobicity and heat resistance.

The invention discloses a synchronous belt carbon fiber rope with high wear resistance and a preparation method thereof. The synchronous belt carbon fiber rope comprises a carbon fiber rope and a wear-resistant coating sprayed on the carbon fiber rope, the carbon fiber rope comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of carbon fibers, 40-55 parts of epoxy resin, 20-30 parts of butyl methacrylate and 2-3 parts of a curing agent. The wear-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of polyethylene, 15-20 parts of natural rubber, 3-5 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 1-2 parts of antimony trioxide, 1-2 parts of a coupling agent and 1-2 parts of a vulcanizing agent. The synchronous belt carbon fiber rope is high in strength, good in wear resistance and excellent in heat aging resistance and cold resistance.

The invention discloses a solid adsorbent for selective adsorption of condensate oil chlorinated hydrocarbon. Raw materials of the solid adsorbent comprise an oil phase and a water phase, wherein the oil phase is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 8 to 10 parts of octadecyl methacrylate, 1 to 3 parts of butyl methacrylate, 1 to 3 parts of diallyl phthalate and 0.5 to 1.0 part of cross-linking agent; the water phase is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1.0 part of an initiator, 0.1 to 1.0 part of a dispersing agent and 30 to 80 parts of water. According to the invention, rigid monomer divinyl phthalate is introduced into an acrylate polymerization system, so that a solid adsorbent with a stable three-dimensional porous structure is successfully constructed, and specific adsorption is enhanced through a polar effect while physical adsorption sites are increased; therefore, the solid adsorbent can efficiently adsorb chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants in condensate oil in a high-capacity mode, and rapid separation and selective removal of the chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants in an oil phase are achieved.

The application discloses a kind of high-strength deformable porous hydrogel for postoperative abdominal cavity tissue effusion drainage, belong to medical porous hydrogel technical field, specifically related to monomer, crosslinking agent and initiator are added to water and mixed to obtain the reaction solution of temperature-sensitive hydrogel, freeze polymerization obtains ice gel;Ice gel is placed in salt solution and is handled to obtain porous hydrogel;Monomer includes at least one of N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl caprolactam, N,N-diethyl acrylamide, N-vinyl carbazole, acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate, butyl methacrylate, maleic anhydride and styrene.The application provides a kind of temperature-sensitive effect, can be dynamically controlled by electric heating, good mechanical property, good drainage effect high-strength deformable porous hydrogel for postoperative abdominal cavity tissue effusion drainage.

The invention discloses a high-strength tungsten-copper alloy and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of alloys. When the high-strength tungsten-copper alloy is prepared, tungsten, copper and cerium are subjected to mixing, ball milling, pressing and compression molding, and a tungsten-copper alloy matrix is prepared; the preparation method comprises the following steps: reacting vinyl (chloromethyl) dimethylsilane with 4-methylaminopyridine to obtain a pyridine monomer; the preparation method comprises the following steps: reacting N, N-diethylallylamine with 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-bromomethylphenol to prepare an anti-aging monomer; mixing an anti-aging monomer, a pyridine monomer, butyl methacrylate, N, N-dimethylformamide, the initiator solution and the emulsifier solution to prepare a surface treatment solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: treating a tungsten-copper alloy matrix with nitric acid, smearing a surface treatment solution on the surface, curing, and carrying out surface treatment with dimethyldimethoxysilane to obtain the high-strength tungsten-copper alloy. The high-strength tungsten-copper alloy prepared by the invention has waterproof and anti-aging capabilities.

The invention discloses a medical mask with low resistance and high air permeability. The invention provides a medical mask with low resistance and high air permeability, a main body of the medical mask is composed of an air-permeable non-woven fabric, an air-permeable melt-blown fabric and a waterproof non-woven fabric from inside to outside, the air-permeable melt-blown fabric is made of air-permeable melt-blown master batch, and the air-permeable melt-blown master batch comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass: 100 parts of melt-blown polypropylene, 1 part of a flame retardant, 1 part of a lubricant, 1 part of a lubricant and 1 part of a lubricant. 20 to 30 parts of butyl methacrylate grafted polypropylene and 10 to 16 parts of antibacterial modified polypropylene wax. The medical mask is low in air permeation resistance, excellent in air permeability, high in harmful substance blocking rate and good in protection effect.

This invention discloses a waterproof and oil-resistant acrylic emulsion, its preparation method, and its application. The raw materials for the emulsion include monomers, crosslinking agents, initiators, emulsifiers, molecular weight regulators, preservatives, defoamers, neutralizing agents, and pure water. The monomers include methyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, diacetone acrylamide, and methacrylic acid. This waterproof and oil-resistant acrylic emulsion, as a water-based barrier coating, can be applied to various packaging papers to form a coating similar to a PE film. This coating exhibits outstanding waterproof and oil-resistant barrier properties, excellent anti-tack and folding endurance, and the coated paper can be recycled, replacing PE-coated paper which is difficult to recycle. Furthermore, this waterproof and oil-resistant acrylic emulsion meets food-grade requirements and can be used in food packaging paper.

This invention discloses a high-toughness, low-warpage modified PP composite material, its preparation method, and its applications. The modified PP composite material, by weight, comprises 45-80 parts PP resin, 10-30 parts sepiolite powder, 3-8 parts compatibilizer, 3-20 parts toughening agent, 0.1-0.5 parts antioxidant, and 0.1-0.5 parts lubricant; wherein the toughening agent is POE grafted with butyl methacrylate. The modified PP composite material obtained by this invention exhibits excellent impact performance and low warpage characteristics, solving the problem that improving the toughness of PP materials often exacerbates warpage in existing technologies. Furthermore, by using PP-g-BMA as a compatibilizer, a low odor level can be achieved.

This invention discloses a high-temperature acid-responsive degradable microencapsulated acid for acid fracturing and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of chemical materials for acid fracturing in oil and gas fields. The high-temperature acid-responsive degradable microencapsulated acid for acid fracturing includes an acid core and a microcapsule shell encapsulating the acid core. The microcapsule shell is made of a high-temperature acid-responsive degradable polymer material, which is polymerized from five monomers: acrylamide, tert-butyl methacrylate, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, diallylamine, and allyl polyoxyethylene ether. The microencapsulated acid of this invention can achieve delayed acid release and shell degradation in high-temperature acid solutions, effectively reducing reservoir damage caused by shell residue while ensuring etching capability. It also exhibits strong temperature and shear resistance, making it suitable for acid fracturing operations in high-temperature / ultra-high-temperature carbonate reservoirs.