The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco baking, and provides a baking process based on the quality of fresh tobacco leaves of Xiangyan No.7. The baking process comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out near
infrared spectrum scanning on harvested fresh tobacco leaves to obtain near
infrared spectrum data of each
tobacco leaf; s2, dividing the near
infrared spectrum data into a
training set and a
test set; s3, taking the near infrared spectrum data of each
tobacco leaf in the
training set as an input vector, inputting the input vector into a self-organizing neural
network model for clustering, and dividing the tobacco leaves into three subsets; s4, aiming at the three divided subsets, baking process parameters are optimized according to a three-section baking process, and the three-section baking process comprises a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem
drying period; and S5, performing near infrared spectrum scanning on newly harvested tobacco leaves, classifying the newly harvested tobacco leaves through the self-organizing neural
network model, determining subsets to which the newly harvested tobacco leaves belong, and according to the baking process curves corresponding to the subsets, sequentially executing the baking processes of a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem
drying period.