45results about How to "Small electrode spacing" patented technology

The invention discloses a low-voltage transparent electrothermal film which comprises a transparent base material, a transparent conductive layer and electrodes. The transparent conductive layer is formed on at least one side of the transparent base material; the electrodes are formed by bus bars and a plurality of inner electrodes, wherein the inner electrodes extend oppositely from the bus bars to form interdigital electrodes; and the electrodes are arranged on the transparent conductive layer and are in electrical contact with the transparent conductive layer. Through the arrangement of the bus bars and the inner electrodes, distance between two electrodes is reduced and resistance of the transparent conductive layer between the two electrodes is reduced, so that low-voltage power supply can be used, and the voltage of a daily lithium battery can be used normally, and a temperature of 90-180 DEG C can be reached quickly by heating. The two surfaces of graphene can be provided with two sets of electrodes respectively, and the inner electrodes of the two sets of electrodes are staggered for a certain distance, so that heating uniformity can be further ensured, and heating temperature is improved under the same low voltage.

The invention discloses a low-voltage transparent electrothermal film, including a transparent base material, a transparent conducting layer and electrodes. The transparent conducting layer is formed on at least one side of the transparent base material; the electrodes are formed by bus bars and inner electrodes, and the inner electrodes extend oppositely from the bus bars to form interdigital electrodes; the bus bars are connected with a positive electrode or a negative electrode of a power supply, so that the two adjacent inner electrodes are opposite in polarity, and in energization, current provided by the positive electrode bus bar flows from the positive inner electrodes into the corresponding negative inner electrodes and finally all converges into the negative electrode bus bar; and the electrodes are located on the transparent conducting layer and is in electrical contact with the transparent conducting layer. The low-voltage transparent electrothermal film is provided with the bus bars and the inner electrodes, an interval of two electrodes is reduced to enable resistance of the transparent conducting layer between the two electrodes to be reduced, thus low voltage can be used to supply power, and normally, the low-voltage transparent electrothermal film can be heated to 90 to 180 DEG C rapidly by adoption of voltage of a lithium battery of everyday use. Two sets of electrodes can be arranged on two sides of graphene, and the inner electrodes of the two sets of electrodes are staggered at a certain distance, thereby further ensuring heating uniformity, and improving heating temperature under the same low voltage.

The invention discloses a photonic integrated chip and an interference type fiber-optic gyroscope, and the photonic integrated chip can achieve high-density integration of functions of various photoelectric devices such as a waveguide coupler, a polarizer, a mode filter and a phase modulator on a thin film substrate through a photonic circuit structure. The four ports of the photonic integrated chip are placed on the same side of the chip, so that polarization crosstalk or parasitic phase errors caused by substrate radiation mode light waves formed by an asymmetric mode and polarization filtering are reduced, and the error influence on the performance of the fiber-optic gyroscope system is reduced. According to the interference type fiber-optic gyroscope, optical fibers are respectively placed at four ports of a photonic integrated chip and are respectively connected with a light source, a photoelectric detector and two ports of a fiber-optic ring, so that a light path structure of the interference type fiber-optic gyroscope is formed.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional electrode electro-catalytic oxidation reactor for degrading sewage, which comprises a container and a power source device, wherein the container is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; an electrode assembly is arranged in the container, and comprises a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes, which are same in number and uniformly arranged at intervals in a staggered way; liquid in the container is added with zeolite particles serving as third electrodes; and the power source device is electrically connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the electrode assembly. The three-dimensional electrode electro-catalytic oxidation reactor has the advantages that: 1, the positive and negative electrodes acquire electric energy, so that sewage liquid is degraded into H ions and O ions, the zeolite particles can form small primary batteries, and the small primary batteries convert the H ions and O ions into OH hydroxyl radical ions; and 2, the positive and negative electrodes acquire electric energy, and the zeolite particles have the particle electrode function and ion conversion function, so that massive OH hydroxyl radical ions are generated on the peripheries and surfaces of the electrodes and in the liquid.

A multi-electrode array is composed of a pinhole array, multiple right-angle electrodes made of metal wire and arranged in the vertical pinholes of pinhole array, and fixing resin on the top surface of pinhole array for fixing the horizontal parts of said electrodes.

A lighting assembly, a driver circuit, and a method of operating a discharge lamp are described. A discharge lamp (10) comprises a discharge vessel (14) with at least two electrodes (16) arranged at a distance d for generating an arc between the electrode (16). Driver electronics (32) operate the lamp (10) with electrical power. In order to reduce electrode burn-back, the driver electronics operate the lamp according to a switch-off sequence, which includes a power ramp interval (24) where the lamp (10) is operated with increasing electrical power over time, and subsequently the lamp (10) is switched-off. Also, the driver electronics (32) operate the lamp according to a turn-on sequence upon turning on the lamp (10) with a first turn-on interval (20), where the lamp is operated with electrical power increasing up to an initial maximum power value, and a power ramp interval (22) during which the lamp is operated with electrical power increasing over time from the initial maximum power value to nominal power PN. The initial maximum power value is less than the nominal power value of the lamp.

The invention provides a tubular porous titanium film-ozone contact reaction device and a water treatment method thereof. The tubular porous titanium film-ozone contact reaction device comprises a cavity, a tubular porous titanium membrane electrode and a counter electrode; the tubular porous titanium membrane electrode is arranged in the center of the cavity, the counter electrode is arranged inthe tubular porous titanium membrane electrode, and a separation material is arranged between the counter electrode and the tubular porous titanium membrane electrode and used for preventing short circuit; a gas inlet and a gas outlet are respectively formed in the bottom and the top of the cavity, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed in the lower end and the upper end of the tubular porous titanium membrane electrode and are used for enabling wastewater to flow into and out of the tubular porous titanium membrane electrode; in using process of the tubular porous titanium film-ozone contact reaction device, when the tubular porous titanium membrane electrode is used as a cathode, the counter electrode is used as an anode, and when the tubular porous titanium membrane electrode is used as an anode, and the counter electrode is used as a cathode. The tubular porous titanium film-ozone contact reaction device can realize efficient conversion on a membrane electrodeinterface while realizing bubble-free efficient mass transfer of ozone in the whole system; hydroxyl radicals are generated; and the tubular porous titanium film-ozone contact reaction device is usedfor rapid degradation of refractory organic matters.

The invention provides a non-thermal sterilization micro-treatment chamber for blueberry juice as well as a sterilization system and a sterilization method which use the micro-treatment chamber. The electrode distance is shortened by the aid of microchips, the size is smaller, the voltage is greatly reduced on the premise that the same sterilization effect is guaranteed, a series of equipment suchas a voltage amplifier can be replaced, and the operability is significantly improved and the cost is effectively reduced as compared with traditional high-voltage pulse electric field sterilization.The temperature rise amplitude is small and pressure change is avoided during treatment, secondary pollution cannot be caused, the sensory quality of the blueberry juice cannot be affected, and dissolution of anthocyanin can be promoted, so that high-quality blueberry juice can be obtained while microorganisms can be killed effectively. Meanwhile, due to the precision of the microchips, the experimental accuracy is greatly improved, sterilization parameters can be strictly controlled, and digital sterilization in factories becomes possible.

The invention discloses a cover plate-free carbon nanotube device structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The structure includes a (100) monocrystalline silicon substrate, carbon nanotubes and a metal electrode. On the (100) monocrystalline silicon substrate is arranged a groove with a substantially rhombic section and running over the whole (100) monocrystalline silicon substrate width. The carbon nanotubes cross over the groove and keep suspended over the groove. The metal electrode is located on two sides of the groove and separately covers the parts of the carbon nanotubes crossing on the two sides of the groove, so that the carbon nanotubes and the metal electrode on the two sides of the groove form electrical connection. The inventive device structure is used for carbon nanotube electronic devices and sensors. As a cover plate is obviated, the device structure manufacturing process is simple and the yield is high so that the device structure is suitable for array production.

An electrolytic cell for molten salt electrolysis comprises a bracket, a cell being a U-shaped cylinder disposed on the bracket, with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet disposed on the two ends of the cell, a seal cover plate disposed on one end of the cell, a reticulate cylindrical anode and a reticulate cylindrical cathode disposed in the cell, and a diaphragm disposed in the middle of the cell and between the anode and the cathode. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are disposed on the highest point and the lowest point of the two ends of the cell, respectively; the seal cover plate is connected with the cell in a concave-convex close fitting mode; the diameters of the anode and the cathode are equal to each other and less than or equal to the inside diameter of the cell; and the anode and the cathode are concentric with each other. The invention has a simple structure, easy independent replacement of electrodes and a small interelectrode distance, and therefore, the bubble effect is reduced, with small voltage and low power consumption.

The invention relates to a plasma display panel provided with a triangular pixel structure and driven according to sub-row branch fields, which belongs to the technical field of display. Each row of the display panel comprises two sub-rows; a mutual misalignment of about one pixel size exists between the sub-pixels with a same color between the two sub-rows; and the two sub-rows form triangular pixels and inverted triangular pixels, which are arranged alternately in the horizontal direction. The shape of sub-pixels is rectangular; fluorescent powder is coated on the bottom surfaces and the lateral surfaces of barriers of the sub-pixels; and a curve or linear addressing electrode passes through two columns of adjacent barriers. Convergence electrodes of an X electrode on a front plate are arranged between two rows, convergence electrodes of a Y electrode are arranged between two sub-rows in each row; the transparent X electrode and the Y electrode are arranged on the upper sides and thelower sides of the convergence electrodes respectively. The display adopts a space-time mixed color displaying mode with one frame and two fields. Compared with the prior art, the plasma display panel has the characteristics of simple structure, high luminous efficiency, and is suitable for mass production.

A cellular electric fusion chip device based on a dispersed type side wall microelectrode array is composed of a cellular electric fusion chip and a flow path control layer. The cellular electric fusion chip is provided with a silicon substrate layer, a silicon dioxide insulating layer is arranged on the silicon substrate layer, a top layer low-resistivity silicon layer is positioned on the silicon dioxide insulating layer, a microchannel is disposed in the top layer low-resistivity silicon layer and enables the silicon dioxide insulating layer to serve as the bottom, and toothed side wall microelectrodes are oppositely arranged on two sides of the microchannel. Insulating isolation structures are adopted between the adjacent toothed side wall microelectrodes to separate low-resistivity silicon from the toothed side wall microelectrodes, the end face of the separated low-resistivity silicon is flush with the end faces of the toothed side wall microelectrodes so that the microchannel is a smooth channel. The chip guarantees that the toothed side wall microelectrodes array forms an un-uniform electric field in the microchannel, a smooth linear microchannel side wall is formed, and the problem of cell blockage caused by a traditional toothed microelectrode structure can be solved.

An ionization device used for gas detection relates to the technical field of ionization chambers. The ionization device includes an ionization chamber and an ultraviolet lamp arranged at one end of the ionization chamber; the ionization chamber is composed of first and second casings; the ionization chamber is internally provided with first and second ionization cavities; the tail ends of the first and second ionization cavities are provided with a filler cavity; the filler cavity is internally provided with light fillers; the first ionization cavity is separated from the second ionization cavity by a separator plate; the separator plate is sprayed with an anode; and the tail end of the ionization chamber is provided with first and second cathodes. The ionization chamber is divided into two parts, on the premise of the same effective detection volume, the electrode distance is decreased by 1/2, the total thickness of the sensor is not increased, the detection sensitivity is improved effectively, the detection efficiency is high, the structure is simple, arrangement is reasonable, and the manufacture cost is low.

The invention discloses an HEMT type ultraviolet detector with an interdigital p-GaN gate structure. The p-GaN layer is distributed on the AlGaN layer in a reciprocating broken line manner; a plurality of parallel transverse p-GaN lines are arranged on an AlGaN layer mesa, all the parallel p-GaN lines are connected end to end through longitudinal p-GaN lines to form a complete p-GaN line, and theAlGaN layer mesa is divided into two parts through the p-GaN line; the detector also comprises an ohmic contact electrode arranged on the AlGaN layer, the ohmic contact electrode is of an interdigitalstructure, and the linear interdigital part grows between the transverse p-GaN lines and is parallel to the transverse p-GaN lines. The interdigital electrode and the special p-GaN design reduce theelectrode spacing, increase the effective light receiving area, improve the sample utilization rate, and improve the optical gain of the device.

The invention discloses an optical waveguide chip based on erbium-doped lithium niobate and a mode-locked laser. The chip sequentially comprises a substrate, a silicon dioxide cladding, an erbium-doped lithium niobate film and a radio frequency electrode from bottom to top; the erbium-doped lithium niobate thin film is etched through photoetching, and a ridge-type erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide is formed; and the radio frequency electrodes are arranged on the two sides of the erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide in parallel. The erbium-doped lithium niobate thin film is used as the waveguide, the low-noise gain characteristic of the erbium-doped waveguide is reserved, the electro-optical characteristic of the lithium niobate waveguide is introduced, the gain and modulation requirements of the active mode-locked laser are met, and the integrated active mode-locked laser which is low in noise and continuously adjustable in repetition frequency can be achieved in cooperation with direct-current bias. The distance between electrodes is reduced through the ridge-type erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide, the needed modulation voltage and electric power consumption are reduced, overlapping of signal light and pump light speckles can be increased through strong constraint on the signal light and the pump light speckles, and the pump efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a plug-in card type microelectrode integrated sensing chip and application thereof in rapid detection of metal ions. The sensing chip comprises a chip substrate, a plurality of microelectrodes and a plurality of electrode pins, wherein a detection area is arranged on one side of a front surface of the sensing chip, and a pin area is arranged on the other side of the back surface of the sensing chip; a plurality of microelectrode modules are integrated in the detection area, each microelectrode module comprises working electrodes, reference electrodes and a counter electrode, specifically, with the counter electrode as the center, the working electrodes are symmetrically distributed at the four corners, and the reference electrodes are symmetrically distributed at the two ends; the pin area is provided with a plurality of electrode pins, and the electrode pins are metal strips which are parallel, equidistant and consistent in size; four working electrodes of the same microelectrode module share the same pair of electrodes, the two working electrodes located on the same side with the reference electrode share the same reference electrode, and different working electrodes can detect different substances. The sensing chip can be used for detecting metal ions including lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, cobalt, chromium, nickel and molybdenum.