The invention provides an overload protection device for electricity meter, the overload protection device comprises a shell, a sealing cover, a straight shaft, a shifting rod, a permanent magnet, a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, a conductive coil, a sliding groove and dustproof assemblies, and a plurality of dustproof assemblies capable of preventing dust accumulation are embedded in the inner wall of the longitudinal side of the shell in the up-down vertical direction in an equally adjacent mode, each dustproof assembly comprises a dust collection shell, a deformation assembly capable of deforming after dust enters to promote dust prevention, a movable assembly capable of moving after dust enters to promote dust prevention and an anti-overflow assembly capable of preventing the collected dust from overflowing. According to the overload protection device for the electricity meter, the dustproof performance of the shell can be enhanced, even if external dust is brought into the shell through the movable opening in the moving process of the straight shaft, the dust can be collected and cleaned in time, the situation that the dust is accumulated in the shell and is not prone to heat dissipation is prevented, and the normal protection effect of the device on the electricity meter is guaranteed.