230 results about "Co doped" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of back contact photovoltaic cells, and particularly relates to a back contact photovoltaic cell with high-concentration co-doped regions and a manufacturing method and application thereof.The back contact photovoltaic cell with the high-concentration co-doped regions is characterized in that N-type doped regions and P-type doped regions which are alternately distributed are arranged on the backlight face of an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, and the high-concentration co-doped regions are arranged between the N-type doped regions and the P-type doped regions; a doping source of the co-doped region comprises doping source phosphorus of the N-type doped region and doping source boron of the P-type doped region, the co-doped region, the doping source of the N-type doped region and the doping source of the P-type doped region form a specific concentration gradient structure, and the specific concentration gradient structure meets the condition that the doping concentration of phosphorus contained in the co-doped region is greater than that of phosphorus contained in the N-type doped region; the doping concentration of boron contained in the co-doped region is greater than the doping concentration of boron in the P-type doped region. The carrier transport and collection efficiency is optimized, the fill factor and open-circuit voltage are improved, the cell conversion efficiency and stability are improved, the preparation process is simple, and multiple times of opening etching are not needed.

The invention discloses an Mg + Nb co-doped TiO2 giant dielectric ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of giant dielectric materials. The (Mg + Nb) co-doped TiO2 ceramic is successfully prepared by adopting a traditional solid phase method, the performance of the TiO2-based giant dielectric ceramic is regulated and controlled through a new doping strategy, the raw material is single, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, the repeatability is good, the yield is high, the obtained ceramic material has giant dielectric performance, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial production. The (Mg + Nb) co-doped TiO2 novel giant dielectric ceramic can meet the requirements of a dielectric material with high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss and good temperature and frequency stability, and compared with other widely applied giant dielectric materials, the titanium dioxide-based giant dielectric ceramic has the characteristics of simplicity in preparation and excellent dielectric property.

The invention discloses a Sb / Mn / Ge co-doped tin telluride-based thermoelectric material and a preparation method and application thereof, the molecular formula of the Sb / Mn / Ge co-doped tin telluride-based thermoelectric material is Sn < 1.01-x-y > Sb < 0.04 > MnxGeyTe, x is more than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.08, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.10. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials Sn, Te, Sb, Mn and Ge, grinding, mixing, transferring into a carbon-plated quartz tube, and performing vacuum sealing; carrying out a melting reaction on the carbon-plated quartz tube, and quenching after the reaction is finished to obtain a cast ingot; and grinding into powder, loading into a mold, sintering by discharge plasma, and relieving pressure and cooling. The invention discloses application of the thermoelectric material in a medium-high temperature thermoelectric power generation device for industrial waste heat recovery. The raw materials are non-toxic and environment-friendly, the carrier concentration is reduced through Sn compensation, meanwhile, the energy difference between light and heavy valence bands is reduced through Sb / Mn / Ge co-doping, and the energy band degeneracy and the state density effective quality are improved.

The invention discloses a zinc-sulfur co-doped ZIF-67 derivative composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of advanced oxidation. The composite material is prepared through a coordination-substitution-calcination integrated process. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing a cobalt source and an organic ligand in methanol, and introducing a sulfur source to form a cobalt-based precursor; and drying, grinding with a zinc source, and calcining in an inert atmosphere. According to the method, stable cobalt active sites are replaced by isocrystals of zinc, sulfur doping promotes cobalt and peroxymonosulfate to form a weak oxidizing intermediate, and efficient and high-selectivity degradation of organic pollutants is achieved under the condition that a strong free radical path is not needed. The material is stable in structure and high in water quality interference resistance, is suitable for catalyzing peroxymonosulfate to degrade organic pollutants in a water body, and particularly has remarkable advantages in a complex water body.

The invention provides an anion-cation co-doped solid electrolyte, a preparation method thereof, a solid-state battery and electric equipment, and relates to the field of solid electrolytes. The general chemical formula of the anion-cation co-doped solid electrolyte is Li < 2 + > (4-m) x Zr < 1-x > M < x > X < 6-ayAy, 0 < x < = 0.4, 0 < y < = 0.8, m is the valence state of M, and a is the valence state of A; m comprises a metal doping element with the ion radius larger than that of Zr < 4 + > and the valence state lower than that of Zr; x comprises a halogen element; a comprises one or more of O, S, N and P; the ion radius of A is smaller than X; the valence state of M comprises + 2 and / or + 3. The Li2ZrX6 solid electrolyte is subjected to anion and cation co-ion doping, so that the disorder degree of a crystal structure can be increased, a Li < + > transmission channel is widened, and the ionic conductivity is improved.

The invention discloses a high-performance PbTe-PbS thermoelectric material and a charge balance doping preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of thermoelectric materials, Pb particles, Sb particles, Te blocks, S sheets and Ag strips are respectively weighed according to the molar ratio of 0.95: 0.033: 0.9: 0.1: 0.008 and then are loaded into a quartz tube for vacuum tube sealing, and the high-performance PbTe-PbS thermoelectric material is obtained through box-type furnace sintering, cold water quenching, box-type furnace annealing, cold water quenching and rapid hot pressing furnace sintering in sequence. The Sb, S and Ag co-doped PbTe thermoelectric material is obtained. According to the method, a Pb vacancy and an Ag gap are introduced through charge balance doping of Sb2Te3 to dynamically regulate and control chemical potential, the problems of PbS precipitation and carrier transport blocking of an n-type high-concentration doped PbTe-PbS material system are solved, the wide-temperature-range thermoelectric figure of merit of the small-bandwidth PbTe-PbS thermoelectric material is greatly improved, the process is stable and can be scaled, and technical support is provided for commercialization of PbTe-based thermoelectric devices.

The invention provides a double-doped high-density garnet type solid-state electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solid-state battery materials, the double-doped high-density garnet type solid-state electrolyte Li6. 4La3-yYbyZr1. 7W0. 3O12 co-doped with W and Yb is adopted, y is 0.05-0.2, the main phase of the double-doped high-density garnet type solid-state electrolyte is of a cubic phase garnet structure, and the main phase of the double-doped high-density garnet type solid-state electrolyte is of a cubic phase structure. A second phase is distributed on the grain boundary, the second phase is LiYbO2, the density reaches 98.1%, the ionic conductivity is 6.54 * 10 <-4 > S / cm, the activation energy is 0.419 eV through double-element synergistic doping to stabilize the cubic phase and regulate the grain boundary structure, the electrolyte is suitable for a high-safety all-solid-state lithium battery, and the problems of phase stability and interface impedance of a traditional LLZO-based electrolyte are solved.

The invention provides an iron-tin co-doped amorphous gallium oxide-based ferromagnetic ceramic film, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic semiconductor ceramic materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sufficiently mixing Ga, Fe and Sn organic precursor solutions according to a certain proportion to form a GaFeSn organic precursor solution; the cleaned single crystal aluminum oxide substrate is coated with the GaFeSn organic precursor solution in a spinning mode; then putting the obtained GaFeSn organic precursor film into a tube furnace with a single temperature zone; under the air atmosphere, the temperature of the tubular furnace is slowly increased to 550 DEG C at the speed of 5 DEG C / min, heat preservation is carried out for 1 h at the temperature of 550 DEG C, annealing treatment is carried out, and the amorphous GaFeSnO magnetic ceramic film which is uniform in thickness and has the amorphous phase and strong ferromagnetism is prepared. Strong ferromagnetism of the thin film is excited with low iron element doping concentration (10%), and the problem of low conductivity caused by transition metal doping in the magnetic ceramic thin film is solved. The amorphous GaFeSnO magnetic ceramic film prepared by the method has strong ferromagnetism of 170 emu / cm < 3 > under 2K and 90 emu / cm < 3 > under 300K, and the Curie temperature of 335K.

The invention discloses a SbBr co-doped argyrodite type solid electrolyte and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that Li2S, LiCl, P2S5 and SbBr3 are weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio and then subjected to ball milling treatment, and mixed powder is obtained; the mixed powder obtained in the step S1 is subjected to compression molding and placed in a muffle furnace to be heated and calcined, and a solid-phase reaction is conducted; and after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, and grinding to obtain the SbBr co-doped argyrodite type solid electrolyte. According to the preparation process of the argyrodite type solid electrolyte, a traditional solid-phase sintering process is adopted, the synthesis process is simple, and the repeatability is high. The ionic conductivity of the argyrodite type solid electrolyte prepared by the process can reach 10.4 mScm <-1 > at room temperature. The argyrodite type solid electrolyte prepared by the invention has high ionic conductivity and excellent air stability, and meets the requirements of industrial large-scale production. When the solid-state electrolyte provided by the invention is assembled into an all-solid-state battery, the cycle life of the all-solid-state battery can be remarkably prolonged due to good compatibility with lithium metal.

The invention provides a doped cobalt-free lithium-rich manganese-based material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of batteries. The invention provides a doped cobalt-free lithium-rich manganese-based material, the chemical formula of the doped cobalt-free lithium-rich manganese-based material is Li < 1.2 > Ni < 0.2 > Mn (0.6-m) GdmO (2-n) Fn, m is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.05, and n is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.07. Gd and F are co-doped to synergistically improve the particle combination compactness and the surface roughness of the cobalt-free lithium-rich manganese-based material, so that the specific discharge capacity, the mechanical property, the stability, the first coulombic efficiency and the cycle performance of the battery are improved, and the voltage of the battery is not easy to decline.

The application discloses a kind of Bi 3+ And Y 3+ Co-doped AgNbO3 antiferroelectric energy storage ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof, the chemical formula of the energy storage ceramic material is Ag 1‑3x Bi x Nb 1‑3x / 5 Y x O3, wherein 0 3+ And Y 3+ Co-doped AgNbO3 antiferroelectric energy storage ceramic material is in A / B site.The application also specifically discloses preparation method of the Bi 3+ And Y 3+ Co-doped AgNbO3 antiferroelectric energy storage ceramic material and application thereof in preparation of ceramic capacitor.The application prepares AgNbO3-based antiferroelectric energy storage ceramic material with pbcm space group perovskite structure by simple, easy-to-implement technical process, improves its breakdown field strength (E b ) While also reducing the remanent polarization value (P r ), and can effectively improve energy storage density and the stability of antiferroelectric phase at room temperature.

The invention discloses a perovskite cathode material and a preparation method and application thereof, the general chemical formula of the material is La < 1.2 > Sr < 0.8 > Ni < 0.5 > Cu < x > Fe < 0.5-x > O < 4 + delta > (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4), and the material has an R-P perovskite structure of an I4 / mmm space group. The preparation method adopts a sol-gel method, takes nitrate as a raw material, and is prepared by chelating, gelatinizing, drying and calcining at 850 DEG C. The performance of the material is optimal when x is equal to 0.4, the electronic conductivity of the material at the temperature of 400 DEG C reaches 117Scm <-1 >, and the area specific resistance ASR in humid air at the temperature of 650 DEG C is 0.251 ohm cm. According to the invention, Fe and Cu are co-doped at a B site, and a series of materials of La < 1.2 > Sr < 0.8 > Ni < 0.5 > Cu < x > Fe < 0.5-x > O < 4 + delta > (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) are designed and prepared, so that the conductivity and the catalytic activity of the materials are synchronously improved, and the requirements of PCFC cathodes are met.

The application discloses a P and O co-doped FeNiRuOx nano catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, relates to the technical field of electrocatalytic materials, and the catalyst takes Fe, Ni and Ru as metal active centers, reconstructs a surface electronic structure through P and O double anion co-doping, and forms a polygonal nano structure, wherein the mass fraction ranges of Fe, Ni, Ru and P are 5.0-6.0%, 75-78%, 11-12% and 6.5-7.0% respectively. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking iron acetylacetone, nickel acetylacetone and ruthenium chloride trihydrate as metal sources, synthesizing a precursor through a solvothermal reaction, and realizing P and O co-doping through a sodium hypophosphite assisted solid-phase phosphorization process, and the preparation process is mild. The synthesized catalyst has unique structural advantages, the formed polygonal nano structure has a large specific surface area and rich grain boundary defects, more active sites are exposed, and convenient channels are provided for the mass transfer of reactants and products. The synergistic effect among the polymetals further enhances the catalytic performance.

A scintillation crystal can include a rare earth silicate, an activator, and a Group 2 co-dopant. In an embodiment, the Group 2 co-dopant concentration may not exceed 200 ppm atomic in the crystal or 0.25 at % in the melt before the crystal is formed. The ratio of the Group 2 concentration / activator atomic concentration can be in a range of 0.4 to 2.5. In another embodiment, the scintillation crystal may have a decay time no greater than 40 ns, and in another embodiment, have the same or higher light output than another crystal having the same composition except without the Group 2 co-dopant. In a further embodiment, a boule can be grown to a diameter of at least 75 mm and have no spiral or very low spiral and no cracks. The scintillation crystal can be used in a radiation detection apparatus and be coupled to a photosensor.

The application belongs to the field of materials, and discloses a preparation method of high-performance GeTe thermoelectric material, Ge powder, Zr powder, Pb powder, Te powder and Cu2Te powder are respectively taken according to the molar ratio of 0.965-x:0.02:x:0.985:0.015, wherein the value of x is respectively 0, 0.06 and 0.08, then the powders are loaded into a quartz tube for vacuum sealing, and are sequentially subjected to sintering in a box furnace, cold water quenching, annealing in a box furnace, cold water quenching and sintering in a rapid hot-pressing furnace, so as to obtain Zr, Cu2Te and Pb co-doped high-performance GeTe thermoelectric material. The method has simple preparation process, high operability and high repeatability, and the prepared GeTe doped with Zr, Cu2Te and Pb compound has the characteristics of high crystallinity and high density. The method can greatly improve the thermoelectric figure of merit of GeTe thermoelectric material, and the thermoelectric figure of merit is at a high level in the thermoelectric report, so the method has good application prospect.

The invention discloses a Co / Ni co-doped high-nuclear-number titanium-oxygen cluster compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of materials and photocatalytic materials. The molecular formula of the Co / Ni co-doped high-nuclear-number titanium oxygen cluster compound is Ti < 14 > M2O21 (OH2) Bz18 (BzH) (Nfm) 2, and the molecular formula of the Co / Ni co-doped high-nuclear-number titanium oxygen cluster compound is Ti < 14 > CoNi; wherein M represents a co-doped metal center of Co and Ni, Bz is a benzoic acid ligand, and Nfm is an N-formylmorpholine molecule. According to the Co / Ni co-doped high-nuclear-number titanium oxygen cluster compound prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention, due to co-doping of Co and Ni, the high-nuclear-number titanium oxygen cluster compound has relatively high catalytic performance and selectivity and has excellent stability; when the photocatalyst is used for preparing CO through photocatalysis of CO2, the selectivity of the product CO is greater than 89%, and no by-product (such as CH4 and HCOOH) is generated.

The application belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, and particularly relates to a co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere wave absorbing material, a preparation method and an application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: aniline is added into a colloidal silica hydrochloric acid solution and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution; then, ammonium persulfate hydrochloric acid solution is added into the mixed solution and uniformly mixed; drying is performed to obtain a precursor; the precursor is calcined under a protective atmosphere to obtain an intermediate; then, the intermediate and a sodium hydroxide solution are mixed, heated, and treated to obtain the co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere wave absorbing material. The calcination method comprises the following steps: the precursor is heated to 250-350 DEG C under a protective atmosphere and then heated to 700-900 DEG C for calcination. The co-doped mesoporous carbon sphere wave absorbing material has excellent wave absorbing performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic scintillator materials, and particularly relates to a multi-element co-doped yttrium lutetium silicate scintillator and a preparation method and application thereof, and the material has excellent comprehensive performance of high light output, short decay time, high radiation hardness, high matching degree of emission spectrum and novel photoelectric sensors and the like. The invention further relates to a preparation method of the scintillator material and application of the scintillator material in radiation detection fields such as positron emission tomography (PET), time flight PET (TOF-PET), interaction depth PET (DOI-PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), high-energy physical experiments, nuclear medicine imaging, industrial nondestructive inspection, safety detection (such as luggage and cargo container inspection) and the like.

The invention discloses an S and Se co-doped silicon-based near-infrared photosensitive material based on picosecond laser-ion implantation and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductor optoelectronic materials. A preparation method of an S and Se co-doped silicon-based near-infrared photosensitive material based on picosecond laser-ion implantation comprises the following steps: depositing an Se-doped film on the surface of a silicon substrate by adopting a vacuum deposition process, and then preparing black silicon with a micro-nano composite structure through picosecond laser scanning; and performing sulfur ion implantation modification on the black silicon with the micro-nano composite structure, and annealing to prepare the S and Se co-doped silicon-based near-infrared photosensitive material. Through a picosecond laser-ion implantation composite doping process, the problems of thermal damage and lattice defects in a traditional doping method are successfully solved, and preparation of the S and Se co-doped silicon-based near-infrared photosensitive material with high concentration and low defects is realized. The light absorptivity of the material at the wave band of 1300nm is remarkably improved, a process scheme capable of realizing mass production is provided for third-generation photovoltaic devices and high-performance infrared detectors, and the material has important application value and wide market prospects.

The invention discloses a cobalt-doped ruthenium dioxide nanoparticle material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to a ruthenium dioxide nanoparticle material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The nano-particle cluster is formed by irregularly distributing nano-particles; the nanoparticles have a single-phase crystal structure, and the spacing distribution of {110} crystal faces is 0.315 nm; the material is composed of three elements of Co, Ru and O, wherein Co is doped into RuO2 to form Co < 0.3 > Ru0. 7O2 nanoparticles; the material is of an octahedral structure, and Ru sites are replaced by Co doping; the chemical valence state of Ru on the surface of the material is a mixed valence state of + 3 and + 4; charge transfer occurs among three ions of Co, Ru and O, so that Ru is in a lower oxidation state. The cobalt-doped ruthenium dioxide nanoparticle material is used for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen, and shows 2500-hour long-term stability under the current density of 10 mAcm <-2 >.

The invention discloses an up-conversion luminescence time sequence regulation color-changing material, color-changing ink and a preparation method and application thereof, the chemical general formula of the material is SrMoO4: xYb < 3 + >, yHo < 3 + > and zNa < + >, x is the molar doping amount of Yb < 3 + >, y is the molar doping amount of Ho < 3 + >, z is the molar doping amount of Na < + >, 0.10 < = x < = 0.40, 0.01 < = y < = 0.03, and 0.21 < = z < = 0.31. According to the material, under the condition of charge compensation ion Na < + > co-doping, the solid solubility of sensitizer ions Yb < 3 + > in SrMoO4 crystal lattices is remarkably improved, and under the condition of Na < + > excessive charge compensation, the material is remarkably superior to the upconversion luminescence effect of other charge compensation enhanced heterovalent doping systems reported in literatures; the color-changing ink for advanced dynamic anti-counterfeiting and the application method thereof are designed and developed by combining the remarkably enhanced up-conversion luminescence and the excellent time sequence regulation color-changing characteristic of the material, and the color-changing ink has a wide application prospect in the field of dynamic fluorescent anti-counterfeiting.

The application provides a multiple modified positive electrode precursor, a preparation method of the multiple modified positive electrode precursor, a positive electrode material and a battery, and the multiple modified positive electrode precursor comprises a zirconium-doped precursor core, a zirconium-scandium co-doped precursor transition layer and a scandium-doped precursor coating layer which are sequentially coated on the surface of the zirconium-doped precursor core; the concentration of zirconium elements in the zirconium-scandium co-doped precursor transition layer decreases from the inside to the outside, and the concentration of scandium elements in the zirconium-scandium co-doped precursor transition layer increases from the inside to the outside. According to the application, zirconium and scandium are selectively and gradiently doped in the inside and the shell of the positive electrode precursor, and multiple components are synergistically used, so that the generation of micro-cracks can be inhibited from the inside, the diffusion resistance of lithium ions is reduced, surface lattice oxygen can be stabilized during high-voltage charging, oxygen release is inhibited, and the structural stability of the prepared positive electrode material in the cycle process is improved.

This invention belongs to the field of solid oxide electrolysis cell technology, and discloses a cobalt-iron co-doped cerium-based cathode material and its preparation and application. Preparation method: 1) A mixed solution of cobalt precursor, iron precursor, cerium precursor, and gadolinium precursor is prepared using water; glycine is added as a complexing agent, and the mixture is homogeneous; the mixture is heated to 300-400℃, stirred, and evaporated until a spontaneous combustion reaction occurs, and the precursor powder is collected; 2) The precursor powder is heat-treated in air to obtain the cobalt-iron co-doped cerium-based cathode material. The iron and cobalt co-doping in this invention produces an interaction: iron facilitates the formation of Ce. surf. 3+ -Oxygen vacancy defects enhance CO2 adsorption activation, while cobalt lowers the oxygen ion migration barrier and increases electronic conductivity, simultaneously improving surface reaction kinetics and bulk transport properties. The cathode material of this invention, used in solid oxide electrolysis cells, exhibits excellent CO2 electrolysis performance and long-term stability, and its preparation process is simple.

The invention belongs to the field of X-ray long-afterglow luminescent materials. The technical problems that traditional Pr < 3 + > doped fluoride is insufficient in afterglow performance, X-ray imaging depends on continuous irradiation, and color scattering noisy points exist are solved. The NaLuF4: Mg / Cs / Pr fluoride material is prepared by adopting a Cs < + >-Mg < 2 + > co-doping regulation strategy, the material is synthesized by an oleic acid-octadecene liquid phase method, and the X-ray excitation afterglow intensity of Pr < 3 + > is improved by about 110 times by utilizing the synergistic effect that Cs < + > enhances X-ray absorption and Mg < 2 + > optimizes a carrier shallow-deep trap level; the material is prepared into the high-light-transmittance rare earth nano flexible scintillation screen with the resolution ratio of 20.01 lp / mm. According to the invention, zero-noisy-point time-delay imaging after low-dose X-ray transient irradiation is realized, continuous irradiation is not needed, the radiation dose is lower, and the method is mainly applied to the field of X-ray time-delay imaging of low-dose medical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive testing. The method does not need continuous X-ray irradiation, and has important application value in the fields of medical diagnosis, industrial nondestructive testing and the like.

The invention discloses a co-doped hole transport layer material and an application of the co-doped hole transport layer material in preparation of a perovskite solar cell. The co-doped hole transport layer material is selected from 3MeO-PTAA and a phosphoric acid compound. The structural formula of the 3MeO-PTAA is as shown in the formula (I) in the specification, the perovskite solar cell prepared from the co-doped hole transport layer material has high open-circuit voltage, and the energy conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell is effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical materials, and particularly discloses Mo2C loaded N and P co-doped carbon nanospheres as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking 3-aminophenol-formaldehyde phenolic resin nanospheres as a carbon precursor, forming a uniform Mo-EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) complex by utilizing a polydentate coordination effect of EDTA on Mo ions; when one-step carbonization is carried out in an inert atmosphere, EDTA serves as a molecular cage to inhibit Mo2C nano-particle agglomeration and realize monodisperse anchoring, and N and P sources are released in situ to complete double-heteroatom uniform doping. The catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance in a water electrolysis hydrogen production performance test: in a 1M KOH electrolyte, when the current density is 10mA / cm < 2 >, the overpotential is less than or equal to 80mV, and the Tafel slope is 95-105mV / dec. The long-term stability is good, hydrogen evolution is continuously conducted for 23 h under the current density of 50 mA / cm < 2 >, and the current retention rate is larger than or equal to 90%.

This invention provides a cathode material, its preparation method, and its application. The cathode material is Li(TM). 1‑a M a )O 2‑b N b (TM represents a transition metal, M represents a cation replacing the transition metal, and N represents an anion replacing oxygen, where 0.01 ≤ a < 1, 0.01 ≤ b < 2). At least one cation and one anion are doped at the interface of the cathode material using a coating-based heat treatment method. Co-doping of cations and anions is achieved at the interface of the cathode material using this method; the doping depth is 10–500 nm. Cation doping stabilizes the material lattice through strong M-O bonds, inhibiting transition metal migration; anion doping reduces oxygen activity and simultaneously adjusts the electronic band structure, improving electronic conductivity. Therefore, Li(TM) 1‑a M a )O 2‑b N b It has a synergistic optimization effect, which not only significantly improves the ion diffusion coefficient and thus optimizes the rate performance, but also improves the cycle stability by enhancing structural stability, thus having great application value and development prospects.

The application belongs to the technical field of back contact photovoltaic cells, and particularly relates to a back contact photovoltaic cell with a high-concentration co-doped region, a preparation method and application, which comprises setting N-type doped regions and P-type doped regions which are alternately distributed on the back light surface of an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer, and setting a high-concentration co-doped region between the N-type doped regions and the P-type doped regions, wherein the doping source of the co-doped region comprises a doping source phosphorus of the N-type doped region and a doping source boron of the P-type doped region, the co-doped region and the doping sources of the N-type doped regions and the P-type doped regions form a specific concentration gradient structure, and the specific concentration gradient structure satisfies that the doping concentration of phosphorus contained in the co-doped region is greater than the phosphorus doping concentration in the N-type doped region, and the doping concentration of boron contained in the co-doped region is greater than the boron doping concentration in the P-type doped region. The application optimizes the carrier transport and collection efficiency, improves the fill factor and open-circuit voltage, improves the cell conversion efficiency and stability, and the preparation process is simple and does not need multiple etching openings.

The composite-doped co-coated high-voltage cathode material of this invention, based on traditional nickel-cobalt-manganese materials, adopts a composite modification method of multi-element co-doping and coating, with Ce2O as the main component. 12 Co-doping modification was performed using W3, MgWO4, AlF3, and θ-Al2O3, and Ce2O was used. 12 W3 and MgWO4 are used as coating agents for coating modification, and θ-Al2O3 with a more stable structure is further used to form a secondary coating. Through the synergistic effect of W / Mg / Ce / Al / F doping and coating and anion and cation doping, the structural stability, thermal stability, rate / cycle / storage performance, DCIR and other properties of high voltage ternary cathode materials are improved. It has the advantages of more stable layered structure, higher electronic conductivity, better rate, longer cycle performance and storage and lower DCIR.

The application discloses a kind of preparation methods of multi-scale Ca, Sb co-doped GeTe-based thermoelectric materials, which comprises the following steps: one, germanium powder, calcium powder, tellurium powder and antimony powder are ground;Two, Ca, Sb co-doped Ge-Te blank is obtained by pressing;Three, quenching cooling and annealing are carried out after smelting treatment to obtain Ca, Sb co-doped GeTe thermoelectric alloy;Four, different particle size planetary ball milling powder and high-energy ball milling powder are obtained by planetary ball milling and high-energy ball milling;Five, different particle size planetary ball milling powder, high-energy ball milling powder and nano Si / B powder are compounded to carry out spark plasma sintering to obtain multi-scale Ca, Sb co-doped GeTe thermoelectric composite material.The application adopts chemical co-doping method to control the energy band of GeTe thermoelectric material, optimizes its power factor, and combines the use of multi-scale powder composite, which greatly reduces the lattice thermal conductivity of the system, and further greatly improves the thermoelectric figure of merit of GeTe-based thermoelectric material.