The invention discloses an oxide near-infrared light-emitting material, a preparation method thereof and a light-emitting device. The near-infrared light-emitting material comprises an inorganic compound, wherein the chemical formula of the inorganic compound is AxByCzOqDp; wherein A is one or a combination of more than two of elements of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Lu, Y, Gd or La; B is one or a combination of more than two of Sc, In, Ga, Mg, Zr, Ti, Hf, Sn, Lu, Y, Gd or La; C is one or a combination of more than two of Al, Si or Ge elements; O is an oxygen element; D is a Cr element; 0.7 < = x < = 1.3, 0.7 < = y < = 1.3, 1 < = Z < = 3, 5 < = q < = 7, and 0 < p < = 0.3. The emission peak wavelength of the near-infrared light-emitting material is about 930 nm, the half-peak width is about 210 nm, the near-infrared light-emitting material can be efficiently excited by blue light, and the chemical stability and the thermal stability are good.