The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional real-time
wind speed measurement, and discloses a large-span roof three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer and a measurement method thereof, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional coordinate
system through
laser ranging, and analyzing and compensating installation errors; an initial
calibration coefficient is generated through a self-inspection and optimization
algorithm, and the initial
calibration coefficient is compared and analyzed with a standard instrument for initial calibration; ultrasonic pulse emission is controlled, full-path scanning and redundancy measurement of all axes are completed,
signal quality is improved through multi-
modal signal processing detection, and abnormal values are eliminated through weighted median values; the sound velocity is corrected based on real-time temperature data, the influence of
humidity and air pressure on the sound velocity is adjusted through a
nonlinear regression model, and a Reynolds stress correction term is introduced to compensate for
sound wave path bending in an
eddy current field; a three-dimensional turbulence intensity
distribution diagram is constructed by fusing ultrasonic and
LiDAR data, meteorological parameters are calculated, an
extreme weather event is early warned by using a
machine learning model, a visual three-dimensional
wind speed field is provided through a cloud platform, and a
potential risk area is identified.