126results about How to "Application method is simple" patented technology

The invention relates to preparation method and application method of a grape special fertilizer, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an I-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of urea, 20-30 parts ammonium phosphate, 15-30 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of excrement, 1-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1.0 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 3-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; preparing an II-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 7-15 parts of urea, 25-35 parts ammonium phosphate, 35-45 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-5 parts of excrement, 2-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1.0 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 3-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; and blending, spraying, pelleting and drying at lower temperature to obtain the product. The application method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps: taking an organic fertilizer and the II-type fertilizer as a base fertilizer; applying the I-type fertilizer before blossom, applying the II-type fertilizer in the young fruit development period, and meanwhile, respectively spraying monopotassium phosphate and rare earth mixed liquid once on the leaf surfaces; and spraying calcium nitrate or calcium acetate to enhance the storage resistance property before picking.

The invention provides an acidic soil conditioner, and a preparation method and application thereof. The acidic soil conditioner comprises the following components in part by weight: 4 to 8 parts of composite bacterial agent, 80 to 90 parts of acid adjusting factor, 3 to 7 parts of chelate and 2 to 6 parts of organic matter. The acidic soil conditioner adjusts the pH value of soil, promotes formation of soil aggregate structures, improves the physical property of the soil, creates a good ecological environment for the growth of plants, increases organic matters, calcium, magnesium and silicon and the activities thereof, promotes healthy growth of crops, enhances stress resistance and prevents diseases and pests. By adoption of the composite bacterial agent, the constitution of a microflora of the soil can be improved, the microbial activity of the rhizosphere of the crops is enhanced, mineralization of organic pollutants is accelerated, growth of the plants is promoted, and absorption of degradation products and bioremediation of the polluted soil are accelerated. The acidic soil conditioner has no toxicity, residues and pollution, accords with the development tendency of organic pollution-free agriculture and has great popularization and application values.

The invention discloses a passivating agent for weakly acidic cadmium contaminated soil and application thereof. The passivating agent is compounded and mixed from modified biological carbon, and mineral materials including calcium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer beneficial to the soil. The passivating agent is applied to the surface of the weakly acidic cadmium contaminated farmland soil, and the application amount of passivating agent is controlled at more than 1.5 wt% of the soil; and then soil and passivating agent rotary tillage is carried out on a plough layer 20cm above the land surface, and the maximum field water holding capacity is maintained at more than 70% stably for more than ten days to complete the in situ remediation of the weakly acidic cadmium contaminated soil. The passivating agent can effectively reduce the content of available cadmium in soil, restore agricultural function of the polluted land, and ensure food security; the passivating agent contains a lot of organic matters and other nutrients, can provide abundant nutrition for the growth of crops, and has the advantages of environment-friendliness, high repair rate, long-term stability, and high application value.

The invention provides a soluble straw decomposing agent, its preparation method and application. The soluble straw decomposing agent comprises by weight: 10-20 parts of a composite bacterial agent, 20-50 parts of nutrients, 2-5 parts of a plant source emulsification penetrant, and 25-68 parts of a soluble carrier. The composite bacterial agent contains cellulose decomposition bacteria, protein decomposition bacteria, and nutrient bio-control growth-promoting bacteria. The invention also provides a preparation method of the above soluble straw decomposing agent. The soluble straw decomposing agent provided in the invention is in a powder form and is fully soluble in water, and also can be applied through both scattering and spraying, thus being suitable for mechanized operation. The soluble straw decomposing agent provided in the invention can substantially speed up degradation of a plurality of crop straw, promote crop growth, and prevent a lot of crop diseases and pests.

The embodiment of the invention discloses an improver applicable to soil of different soil fertility levels and an improvement method and relates to the technical field of soil improvement. The improver is prepared from an organic fertilizer, active organic matters, inert organic matters, mineral fertilizers, microbial agents and biological stimulators. The improver is capable of improving barrensoil of different soil fertility degradation levels, and organic matters of soil can be rapidly enriched, soil structures can be improved, soil microorganisms can be activated, microbial flora structures of the soil can be balanced, healthy ecological systems of crop roots can be rapidly established, safe production of crops can be ensured, food security can be ensured, field returning and recycling of organic wastes in cities and rural areas can be achieved, and multiple purposes can be achieved by one stroke.

The invention provides a bio-control bacterium foliage fertilizer, and preparation and application thereof. The bio-control bacterium foliage fertilizer is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of core bio-control bacteria, 35-85 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 10-50 parts of active SiO2, 2-6 parts of an enzyme activity substance, and 2-6 parts of a plant surfactant. The core bio-control bacteria contain bio-control promoting bacteria and protein decomposing bacteria; the bio-control promoting bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum. The core bacteria in the bio-control bacteria foliage fertilizer can rapidly grow on the surface of a plant in a field planting manner and form a 'bio-control membrane' so as to prevent infection of pathogenic bacteria at the surface of the plant; the substances, such as antibiotics and phytohormone, are generated in the processes of interaction with the pathogenic bacteria and hyperparasitism, and a plurality of diseases of crops can be prevented, resisted or directly killed; the bio-control bacteria foliage fertilizer enables the crops to have solid plant cell wall tissue, so that the ability of plant epidermis for directly resisting incursion of the pathogenic bacteria and insect pests is enhanced, and healthy growth of the crops is facilitated; the target of using a little of pesticide or not is achieved, and the environmental pollution is alleviated. Thus, the yield and the quality of the crops are improved.

The invention provides the application of trichoderma reesei and sedum plumbizincicola in the remediation of cadmium-polluted farmland soil. The application comprises the following steps of: cutting sedum plumbizincicola seedlings with about 10cm of plant height into soil to be remedied, applying trichoderma reesei FS10-C fermentation liquor or microbial preparation to the rhizosphere of the plant, keeping the soil water content to be 70%wt of the maximum field capacity in the process of remediation, and scissoring the plant along the surface of soil after the plant grows for 60-150 days to complete one remediation process. According to the application, the plant remediation efficiency of the cadmium-polluted farmland soil can be improved; and the sedum plumbizincicola plant remediation efficiency can be improved according to the trichoderma preparation, the biomass of the soil microorganism can be enhanced, the micro-ecological environment of the soil can be improved, and the application is good in ecological efficiency, and suitable for the remediation of the cadmium-polluted farmland soil.

The invention relates to a mustard essential oil biofungicide, comprising the following components by parts by weight: 2-20 parts of mustard essential oil, 10-30 parts of embedding agent, 5-30 parts of carrier, 5-20 parts of binder, 5-15 parts of dispersing agent and 1-20 parts of filler. The biofungicide has the characteristics that: application method is simple and less influenced by external environment; the biofungicide is pollution-free, nuisanceless and non-toxic without side effect; platy or powdery fungicide is added into a packing container before storing, the biofungicide is applicable to storing and refreshing of multiple fruits and vegetables, forms a protective gas layer in the packing environment, effectively inhibits or kills off main postharvest pathogenic bacteria, improves disease resistance of fruits and vegetables, reduces rotting caused by common pathogenic bacteria in storing process and prolongs storing and refreshing time of fruits and vegetables.

The water soluble fertilizer for being applied while irrigating consists of nitrogen fertilizer 20-60 wt%, phosphate fertilizer 10-30 wt%, potash fertilizer 5-30 wt%, and parent fertilizer 2-20 wt%. The parent fertilizer consists of medium elements 10-35 wt%, trace elements 30-65 wt% and soil amendment 5-35 wt%, and the soil amendment is compounded with organic fulvic acid through twice fermentation and active organic matter with ion exchanging capacity in the weight ratio of 1-10 to 11. The water soluble fertilizer can replenish the nutrients essential for crop to grow, avoid soil hardening, reduce soil transmitted diseases and raise soil fertility. The present invention also provides the preparation process of the water soluble fertilizer.

The invention relates to a preparation method and an application method of a tomato special fertilizer, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an I-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 20-30 parts ammonium phosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of rubbish and excrement, 1-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 2-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; preparing an II-type fertilizer by taking the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 5-10 parts ammonium phosphate, 35-45 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-3 parts of humic acid, 1-5 parts of rubbish and excrement, 2-5 parts of synergist, 0.1-1 part of ferrous sulphate, 0.1-0.8 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulphate, 0.1-0.6 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 2-7 parts of plaster and 3-13 parts of bentonite; evenly blending, spraying, pelleting, adding 1-6 parts of diluted polyaspartic acid, drying at lower temperature and detecting to be qualified to obtain the special fertilizer. The application method of the special fertilizer comprises the following steps: applying an organic fertilizer and the II-type fertilizer before spring sowing; applying the II-type fertilizer at the flowering and fruiting periods, and applying the II-type fertilizer in the young fruit development period; and the .production yield can be increased by 16-18 percent.

The invention provides a disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, comprising the following components: disinsection fungi spore powder or mycelium 40-60, vegetable oil 5-15, surfactant 5-10, stabilizer 5-10, dispersant 0.1-1; wherein the disinsection fungi is metarrhizium anisopliae, white muscardine fungi, paecilomyces, hirsutella or the mixture; the surfactant is nonionic surfactant, the vegetable oil is one kind or the mixture of many kinds of the oil according to arbitrary ratios selected from the palm oil, corn oil, soybean oil, cotton seed oil and colza oil; the stabilizer is one kind or the mixture of many kinds of the oil according to arbitrary ratios selected from the xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin; the dispersant is DW 1003, glucose ester of fatty acid or the mixture thereof. The storage and transportation of the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is convenient and the storage period of the fungi spore is effectively prolonged and the long-term storage is convenient and the preparation activity is higher; after application of the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, the oil can effectively absorb the ultraviolet ray and reduce the damage of the ultraviolet ray on the fungi spore, effectively increase the field control-effect stability. The process production technique of the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is simple and the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is easily mixed with the other compatible synergistic pesticide.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and concretely discloses a saline-alkaline land soil conditioner, and a preparation method and an application thereof. Raw materials of the conditioner comprise 400-600 parts of a biomass decomposed material, 150-242 parts of a pyroligneous liquor, 200-300 parts of charcoal powder, 4-10 parts of urea and 2-10 parts of a microbial agent. All the components are synergistically combined, so the conditioner contains abundant organic matters, provides favorable conditions for crop growth, can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and slowly release nutrients, improves the fertilizer utilization rate and the water holding capacity of the soil, effectively reduces the pH value of the soil and the salt content ina soil solution, delays accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and has a good improvement effect on saline-alkaline land soil.

The invention discloses a ternary composite repairing agent, containing iron oxide, humus and reducing bacteria thereof, for in-situ remediation of organic pollution in soil and sediment. The repairing agent of the invention is prepared by carrying out fermentation enlarge culture on ferric reducing microorganism and mixing with iron oxide and humus uniformly. The microbial repairing agent of the invention can accelerate degradation of organic pollutants under an anaerobic condition and has good in-situ remediation effect on organic pollution soil and black and stink sediment. Raw materials are all natural substances and environment-friendly, and cause no secondary pollution. The microbial repairing agent of the invention is simply applied without excavating or disturbing original environment or oxygen, requires low work amount and small cost, and is apt to large-scale usage. The preparation method of the repairing agent of the invention can obtain a microbial repairing agent product simply and fast.

The invention provides a soil cadmium passivant which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-85% of red mud, 10-70% of rape stalk, less than or equal to 10% of lime, less than or equal to 5% of phosphatic fertilizer, and less than or equal to 1% of zinc, wherein when pH of soil is greater than 6, the lime is equal to 0%. The soil cadmium passivant aims at reducing effective cadmium in the soil; the main raw materials belong to recycled wastes; the consumption of the auxiliary materials is less; the total cost is very low; the pretreatment of the raw materials is very simple, convenient and easy; special treatment processes such as chemical method modification are not required; the passivant can be obtained only by simple air drying, crushing, screening and mixing; the technology is simple; an application method of a passivant product is relatively simple; the passivation on soil cadmium is higher; the passivant has specificity and is wide in application scope; secondary pollution cannot be generated on the soil; the quality and the yield of crops cannot be influenced; the content of effective cadmium in the soil can be reduced effectively; and the passivant is suitable for various moderately and slightly polluted soil types.

The invention relates to an oxygen-increasing slow-release fertilizer. The fertilizer is prepared from a urea peroxide-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, urea peroxide (Perurea: CO(NH2)2.H2O2) and beta-cyclodextrin which are in effective quantities, wherein the urea peroxide-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound takes urea peroxide as a kernel and takes beta-cyclodextrin as an outer layer. According to the slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention, the oxygen content is high and can reach 17-20%; and after the slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention is used, the oxygen release is sustained, mild, stable and controllable and can sustain 300 hours per 100g of urea peroxide in net content. The slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the oxygen release manner is slow, mild and stable, is stronger in activity and strong in disinfection and can be used for easily eliminating diseases and pests from potted landscapes, so that the normal survival ratio of potted plants is increased effectively; and meanwhile, the slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention has effects on increasing, disinfecting and cleaning indoor oxygen and has incomparable superiority compared with currently reported relevant research results and new products on the market.

The invention relates to a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer, a preparation method and an application thereof. Per 500 parts by weight of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is prepared by mixing following components including, by weight, 25-35 parts of polyoxyethylene castor oil, 0.35-0.4 parts of 85% powder of gibberellins, 0.4-0.6 parts of sodium selenite, 10-14 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25-30 parts of ethanol, 25-27.5 parts of carbamide, 0.4-0.6 parts of hydrochloric acid and the balance water. The selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is reasonable and economical in formula, is low in cost, is durable in effect and has a significant intuitive effect, a significant yield-increasing effect and a significant selenium-rich effect. The preparation method is a conventional mixing and stirring method which is simple in technology and less in required equipment. The application of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is that the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is diluted by 150-250 time with water and is directly sprayed onto leaf surfaces of a plant. The selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is simple in application method and is strong in applicability.

The invention discloses a cadmium-arsenic composite polluted soil remediation agent, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0-10 parts of hematite; 20-30 parts of ferrous sulfate; 10 parts of manganese dioxide; 15-20 parts of fly ash; 10-15 parts of quicklime; 10-15 parts of sepiolite; 10-15 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate; and 0-10 parts of wollastonite. The remediation agent enables cadmium and arsenic heavy metals to form stable chemical forms through oxidation reduction, adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation or coprecipitation and the like to reduce the migration and diffusion capability of the cadmium and arsenic heavy metals in the environment, so that the ecological environment risk of the cadmium and arsenic heavy metals is reduced; and the remediation agent has the advantages of high remediation efficiency for cadmium-arsenic composite polluted soil, short remediation period, low remediation cost, easily available raw material components and simple application method, so that the agent is one of the few remediation agents in the industry that simultaneously act on yin and yang heavy metal ions.

The invention relates to a plant wound healing agent containing sodium alginate oligosaccharide. The healing agent contains 0.001%-0.02% of sodium alginate oligosaccharide and one or more of a resistance inducer, a nutrient, a bactericide, a pesticide and a film forming agent. The plant wound healing agent can be used for spraying or smearing. The plant wound healing agent is used for treating wounds before and after trimming, girdling or grafting, so that the morbidity of the wounds can be reduced, and the healing of the wounds can be promoted. The plant wound healing agent is applicable to fruit trees and flowers.

The invention provides a fertilizer for cultivation of tobacco. The fertilizer consists of the components by weight as follows: 0.5-1.5 parts of a composite microbial agent, 3-7 parts of an activating agent, 3-7 parts of binder, and 86-92 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The effective components of the composite microbial agent are Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus, Brevibacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megatherium and Silicate bacteria. The invention further provides a preparation method and an application of the fertilizer. The product provided by the invention can remarkably improve crumb-structure of soil for cultivation of tobacco, and microflora distribution and micro-environment of the soil. A plenty of derivatives are generated, thereby chelating or blocking damage of heavy metals, and absorption and assimilation of tobacco to nutrient elements are improved, the drought resisting and disease resisting abilities of tobacco are enhanced, damage of diseases and insects caused by continuous cropping of tobacco in successive years are effectively prevented, and in particular, tobacco mosaic virus and brown spot disease are specially prevented and treated. According to the invention, the raw materials are low in cost and easy to obtain and the preparation and using methods are simple and easy to operate.

The invention provides special dripping-irrigating fertilizer for fruit corns, a preparation method and an application method of the special dripping-irrigating fertilizer. The special dripping-irrigating fertilizer for the fruit corns comprises a special fertilizer for a seedling stage, a special fertilizer for a heading stage, and a special fertilizer for a kernel stage, wherein the special fertilizer for the seedling stage comprises the following components by weight part: 270 to 288 parts of potassium nitrate, 120 to 134 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 576 to 596 parts of urea, 4 to 6 parts of EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) chelate zinc, 0.6 to 0.8 part of EDTA chelate ferrous, 0.7 to 0.9 part of EDTA chelate manganese, and 1.4 to 1.6 parts of boric acid. According to the special dripping-irrigating fertilizer for the fruit corns, different fertilizer prescriptions are provided for the fruit corns at different growth stages, so that high targeting property is ensured, and the fertilizer effect is remarkable; the fertilizer is reasonable in mixing ratio of nutrient elements, comprehensive in nutrients, stable in performance and high in water solubility, and very suitable for being used in a dripping and irrigating manner; by adopting the special dripping-irrigating fertilizer for the fruit corns, the fertilizer dosage is reduced, and the problem that the soil environment is polluted due to excessive fertilizing and unreasonable fertilizing can be avoided; and the application method is simple and easy to master, and can realize the maximum utilization of the fertilizer.

Disclosed is a biological antistaling agent for fruits and vegetables, which comprises oligosaccharide 10%, surface active agent 2% and balancing water, wherein the oligosaccharide is polymerized from various monosaccharides including glucose, mannose, arabinose, cerebrose and xylose by the molar ratio of 1:3:6:2:1.

The invention discloses a red-soil-region peanut continuous-cropping obstacle reducing special fertilizer, a preparation method and a usage method. The special fertilizer is composed of, in percent by weight, 10-30% of decomposed dry bird excrement, 10-30% of humic acid, 10-20% of urea, 20-40% of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, 10-15% of potassium chloride, 0.5-2% of borax, 0.5-2% of zinc sulfate, 0.01-0.05% of ammonium molybdate, 0.005-0.02% of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.001-0.01% of sodium alpha-naphthyl acetate, 0.01-0.05% of hymexazol, and 0.01-0.05% of diazinon. The special fertilizer is applied red-soil-region field on which peanut is continuously cropped for three or more years with the usage amount of 2000-2500 Kg / hm<2>, the usage method comprises that the fertilizer is completely basally applied for one time, or the fertilizer is applied for two times according to the base-fertilizer topdressing-fertilizer weight ratio of 2:1, the base fertilizer is applied in furrows before peanut is sowed or is spread over the whole field when ploughing is performed, topdressing is combined with intertillage weeding, and fertilization and earthing up are performed. The special fertilizer is verified to be capable of increasing peanut output by 15-25% compared with a conventional fertilizer by applying the special fertilizer to a large field on which peanut is continuously cropped for 10 years or more at 2012 and 2013, and the application method is simple, reasonable, and high in operability, and exhibits technical progress.

The invention relates to disinfectant for a rearing instrument of a rearing house and application of the disinfectant. The disinfectant for the rearing instrument of the rearing house comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of chlorobromoisocyanaria acid, 2-10 parts of alkaline sodium salt and 500-2,000 parts of water, wherein the pH (Potential Of Hydrogen) is 9.0-12.0, and the disinfectant is prepared by uniformly mixing the material components. According to the invention, the defects that the chlorobromoisocyanaria acid applied to silkworm breeding disinfection prevention cannot kill bombyx mori nuclear polyhydrosis virus (BmNPV) and bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) are solved; and the product can kill various silkworm pathogenic bacteria after being applied once, and other drugs are not needed to apply.

The invention relates to a medical disinfectant composition for a rearing instrument in a silkworm rearing room and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of control of silkworm diseases. The medical disinfectant composition for the rearing instrument in the silkworm rearing room comprises the following components in part by weight: 1 part of dibromohydantoin and 2-10 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate. The components are mixed uniformly to obtain the medical disinfectant composition. The invention further relates to a water solution containing the medical disinfectant composition for the rearing instrument in the silkworm rearing room, which comprises the following components in part by weight: 1 part of dibromohydantoin, 2-10 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate and 500-2000 parts of water. The medical disinfectant composition for the rearing instrument in the silkworm rearing room has favorable killing effect on pathogens of silkworm viruses, funguses, bacteria and the like, can effectively prevent the virus diseases, the fungus diseases and the bacterial diseases of silkworms, and is easily decomposed into non-poisonous materials without accumulated toxicity and environmental pollution.

The invention relates to a remediation method for copper and cadmium co-contaminated soil. The method specifically comprises the steps that eleusine indica is planted in the contaminated soil, and Trichoderma virens F7 or inactivation Trichoderma virens F7 are applied in a combined manner; and the classification name of the Trichoderma virens F7 is Trichoderma virens, and is stored in the ordinary microorganism center of the Chinese microorganism culture preservation administration committee with the storage number of CGMCC No.3.17613. The contaminated soil is treated with the Trichoderma virens F7 combined with the eleusine indica; remediation efficiency for the copper and cadmium co-contaminated soil is improved; and a cooperative remediation effect improvement phenomenon exists between microorganisms and the plants; a good ecological effect is provided, and the remediation method is applicable to remediation of the copper and cadmium co-contaminated soil; the application method for Trichoderma virens F7 fermentation liquor and solid preparations is easy; the biomass of the eleusine indica is obviously increased; meanwhile, the microbial biomass of the soil can be increased; and the rhizosphere micro-ecological environment of the plants is improved.

The invention discloses a pesticide residue degradation agent taking chitosan oligosaccharide as an active component. The mass concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide in the degradation agent is 0.05-1g / L, the degree of deacetylation is 50-100%, and the average molecular weight is 500-5,000Da; and by spraying the degradation agent to the soil or the crops in a growing period and after picking or irrigating or soaking the soil or the crops in a growing period and after picking with the degradation agent, the pesticide residue in soil and crops can be obviously reduced (the degradation rate exceeds 65%). The degradation agent disclosed by the invention can degrade the pesticides of pyrethroids, carbamates, organochlorines, triazoles and the like; and the plants using the degradation agent include grain crops, cash crops, flowers, vegetables, fruits and the like. In the degradation agent disclosed by the invention, the active component chitosan oligosaccharide is a natural product which avoids environmental pollution of the processed soil and crops and is harmless to the health of human body and environment-friendly; and meanwhile, the pesticide residue degradation agent has the advantages of low cost, small application amount and the like, and is simple to use and easy to popularize and use.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a pythium oligandrum fermentation liquor and a method for effectively controlling tobacco black shank by utilizing the fermentation liquor, wherein a 'polyversum. pythium oligandrum' oospore preparation (strain: pythium oligandrum DV74) is utilized to obtain pythium oligandrum strains, and the pythium oligandrum fermentation liquor is prepared through liquid fermentation, filter concentration and other steps. Compared with a pythium oligandrum oospore preparation, the pythium oligandrum fermentation liquor has good and stable effect on controlling the tobacco black shank, is slightly influenced by the environmental conditions, and has a simple application method and strong practicability; the cost is low, and the application cost is only 20%of the pythium oligandrum oospore preparation; and pythium oligandrum fermentation equipment is simple and universal, less resources are consumed, the industrial production requirement is low, and a common microbial fermentation factory can satisfy the production.

The invention discloses a passivator for alkaline soil. The passivator is prepared with a method including preparation steps as follows: A), biochar is placed in a mixed solution of sodium sulfide and sulfuric acid to be soaked for 3-5 h; B), a reactant is ultrasonically washed for 30 min and then put in a microwave chemical reactor to react for 10 min; C), the reactant is subjected to suction filtration, the biochar is washed with deionized water to be neutral and dried, and the passivator for the alkaline soil is obtained. The passivator for the alkaline soil can adsorb cadmium ions in the alkaline soil, reduces the content of cadmium in the soil and has the advantages of high repairing rate, good long-term stability, low cost, simplicity in application and the like; besides, the modified biochar contains a large quantity of organic matters and other nutrient elements, rich nutrition is provided for plant growth, and the passivator has huge application and popularization value.

A method for preparing a selenium-rich crop cultivation matrix from fruit pomace biomass charcoal sequentially comprises the following steps: 1, preparing fruit pomace biomass charcoal; 2, preparing a selenium nutrient solution; 3, preparing selenium-rich charcoal: (1) preparing heated selenium-rich charcoal; (2) preparing normal-temperature selenium-rich charcoal; (3) mixing the heated selenium-rich charcoal with the normal-temperature selenium-rich charcoal to prepare the selenium-rich charcoal; 4, preparing a modified starch adhesive; 5, preparing a selenium charcoal granule; 6, taking the selenium-rich charcoal and the selenium charcoal granule, mixing the selenium-rich charcoal and the selenium charcoal granule, sending the obtained mixture to a granulator, and granulating the mixture; and 7, stirring granules prepared in step 6 and a crop soilless cultivation matrix filler until the granules and the filler are uniform in order to obtain the selenium-rich crop cultivation matrix. The selenium-rich crop cultivation matrix prepared through the method improves the selenium element absorption and conversion rate of crops, and slowly and uniformly releases the selenium element in the whole growth cycle of the crops.

The invention provides an organic fertilizer for drought resistance and water retention of plants as well as a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer coating particles; the organic fertilizer coating particles are prepared by the following components in parts by weight: 780-820 parts of organic fertilizer particles and 180-220 parts of a water-retaining agent which is coated on the surfaces of the organic fertilizer particles; the organic fertilizer particles are prepared by the following components in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of biochar, 1-5 parts of trace elements, 10-30 parts of a biological bacterial fertilizer, and 600-700 parts of fermented animal manure. The biochar and the animal manure fermentation products are used as main components of the organic fertilizer, trace elements and the biological bacterial fertilizer are added, the water-retaining agent is used as a cheap carrier, the water-retaining agent is used for coating the organic fertilizer, so that the organic fertilizer for drought resistance and water retention of plants is prepared; the fertilizer has the advantages of good drought resistance, water retention, fertilizer conservation, low cost, simple application method, reduced pollution to soil environment, and the like, and the fertilizer is good for ecological balance.