The invention discloses a long-acting slow-dissolving composition capable of immediately generating strong oxidation chlorine dioxide when encountering water. The composition comprises sodium chlorate, sodium chloride, maleic anhydride, starch, water, and vegetable oil. First starch and water are put into a first food grade stirrer for stirring, and then crushed with a first food grade crusher, particles with 80 meshes or less are obtained by sieving, and are put into a second food grade stirrer, sodium chlorate, sodium chloride and maleic anhydride are added, stirring is performed, then vegetable oil is added, stirring is performed, the mixture is put into a second food grade crusher for crushing, and then the crushed powder is put into a pressing mold, and is pressed into a cylinder or sphere to obtain a finished product, namely the long-acting slow-dissolving composition capable of immediately generates strong oxidation chlorine dioxide when encountering water. The invention provides the long-acting slow-dissolving composition capable of immediately generating strong oxidation chlorine dioxide when encountering water, the composition does not contain chlorine dioxide during storage, and has no shelf life and hidden danger defects, and a chlorine dioxide gas is generated by a reaction after the composition is soaked into water to kill bacteria, algae, viruses and microorganisms, and oxidize humic layers.