502 results about "Hemoglobin hb" patented technology

A reagent is suitable for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a hemoglobin-containing biological fluid, such as whole blood. The reagent comprises a flavin-dependent enzyme that has specificity for the analyte, a flavin cofactor if, and only if, a flavin is not bound to the enzyme, a tetrazolium dye precursor, an electron transfer agent, and a nitrite salt. The reagent causes dye formation that is a measure of the analyte concentration. The nitrite salt suppresses interfering dye formation caused non-enzymatically by the hemoglobin. Preferably, the reagent is used in a dry strip for measuring glucose in whole blood.

Methods and apparatus for measuring cerebral O2 saturation and detecting cerebral hypoxia-ischemia using multi-wavelength near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Near-infrared light produced by an emitter is directed through brain tissue. The intensity of the light that passes through the brain tissue is measured using photodiode detectors positioned at distinct distances from the emitter. This process is conducted for at least three wavelengths of near-infrared light. One of the wavelengths used is substantially at an isobestic point for oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin, but the other two may be any wavelengths within the near-infrared spectrum (700 nm to 900 nm), so long as one of the additional wavelengths is greater than the isobestic point and the other is less than the isobestic point. Tissue oxygenation is calculated using an algorithm derived from the Beer-Lambert law. Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia may be diagnosed using the calculated tissue oxygenation value.

In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and methods for increasing red blood cell and / or hemoglobin levels in vertebrates, including rodents and primates, and particularly in humans.

The present invention relates to a blood analyte measurement system for the procurement of blood samples for measurement of blood properties such as analyte concentration or analyte presence. A blood access system can be coupled with a measurement system such as an electrochemical sensor, and can also be used with other measurement modalities. Embodiments of the present invention can facilitate accurate measurement of blood glucose by the clinician in a sterile manner. Embodiments of the present invention can also enable the calibration of the sensor at one or more calibration points. One desired analyte of measurement is glucose for the effective implementation of glycemic control protocols. Embodiments of the present invention can also be used for the measurement of other analytes such as arterial blood gases, lactate, hemoglobin, potassium and urea. Additionally, embodiments of the present invention can function effectively on a variety of blood access points and specifically enables glucose monitoring in an existing arterial line that is already in place for hemodynamic monitoring. The present invention does not consume a significant amount of blood. Some embodiments of the present invention can re-infuse the blood into the patient, which can facilitate operation of the system in a sterile manner.

A reagent is suitable for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a hemoglobin-containing biological fluid, such as whole blood. The reagent comprises a flavin-dependent enzyme that has specificity for the analyte, a flavin cofactor if, and only if, a flavin is not bound to the enzyme, a tetrazolium dye precursor, an electron transfer agent, and a nitrite salt. The reagent causes dye formation that is a measure of the analyte concentration. The nitrite salt suppresses interfering dye formation caused non-enzymatically by the hemoglobin. Preferably, the reagent is used in a dry strip for measuring glucose in whole blood.

A method and apparatus for use in respect of samples which are assessed for quality prior to testing in a clinical analyzer. The method and apparatus identify parameters such as gel level and height of fluid above the gel in blood samples, where appropriate, for the purposes of positioning the specimen for determination of interferents. Such interferents include hemoglobin (Hb), total bilirubin and lipids. These interferents are determined by measurement of absorption of different wavelengths of light in serum or plasma, or other specimens, which are then compared with values obtained through calibration using reference measurements for the respective interferents in serum or plasma or other type of specimen. Determinations of temperature of the specimen, as well as specimen type, for example whether the specimen is urine or plasma or serum, may also be carried out.

An improved sensor (102) for hydration monitoring in mobile devices, wearables, security, illumination, photography, and other devices and systems uses an optional phosphor-coated broadband white LED (103) to produce broadband light (114), which is then transmitted along with any ambient light to target (125) such as the ear, face, or wrist of a living subject. Some of the scattered light returning from the target to detector (141) is passed through a narrowband spectral filter set (155) to produce multiple detector regions, each sensitive to a different waveband wavelength range, and the detected light is spectrally analyzed to determine a measure of hydration, such as fluid losses, fluid ingested, fluid balance, or rate of fluid loss, in part based on a noninvasive measure of components of the bloodstream. In one example, variations in components of the bloodstream over time such as hemoglobin and water are determined based on the detected light, and the measure of hydration is then determined based on the in components of the bloodstream over time. In the absence of the LED light, ambient light may be sufficient illumination for analysis. The same sensor can provide identifying features of type or status of a tissue target, such as heart rate or heart rate variability, respiratory status, or even confirmation that the tissue is alive. Hydration monitoring systems incorporating the sensor, as well as methods, are also disclosed.

An apparatus and method for spectroscopic measurement of an analyte in a sample is provided. The apparatus comprises a source of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) producing a light path, an aperture located within the light path and between the EMR source and a sample slot, and a photodector. The apparatus also has a primary calibration algorithm that is in operative association with the spectroscopic apparatus. Examples of analytes that may be measured using this apparatus include, but are not limited to Total-Hemoglobin, Met-Hemoglobin, Hemoglobin-based blood substitutes and any Met-Hemoglobin equivalent. The measurement of Met-Hemoglobin may be used to provide an accurate measurement of Total-Hemoglobin in whole blood, or Hemoglobin when used as an indicator of hemolysis. The measurement of Met-Hemoglobin may also be also used as a means of monitoring the degradation or reversal of degradation of Hemoglobin-based blood substitutes, or as a means of monitoring the oxidation or reversal of oxidation of Hemoglobin to Met-Hemoglobin.

The present invention provides novel compositions of allosteric hemoglobin modifiers which are substantially free of impurities, specifically polymeric impurities. In one embodiment, the novel compositions contain an allosteric hemoglobin modifier compound and less than 100 ppm of the polymeric impurities generated during the preparation of this compound. Included in the present invention are novel methods for preparing allosteric hemoglobin modifiers that are substantially free of polymeric impurities. Also included in the present invention are improved methods for the purification of the product formed by the method of this invention. The novel methods of purification comprise extracting the crude composition with a water immiscible or partially immiscible solvent such as methylisobutyl ketone (MIBK) to lower amounts of impurities, specifically polymeric impurities. Also included are methods to reduce impurities by recrystallization of the crude synthesized product, followed by filtration of the recrystallized product. The present invention also includes the products made by the processes of the invention and methods for analyzing compositions comprised of these products.

A high temperature-stable and highly purified cross-linked (optionally ≧70% β-β linked) tetrameric hemoglobin with high efficiency of oxygen delivery suitable for use in mammals without causing renal injury and vasoconstriction is provided. The dimeric form of hemoglobin is degenerated and purification processes are performed on red blood cells from whole blood. Controlled hypotonic lysis in an instant cytolysis apparatus prevents lysis of white blood cells. Nucleic acids from white blood cells and phospholipids impurities are not detected. Blocking of reactive sulfhydryl groups by a sulfhydryl reagent is performed in an oxygenated environment. Flowthrough column chromatography removes different plasma protein impurities. N-acetyl cysteine is added to the cross-linked tetrameric hemoglobin to maintain a low level of met-hemoglobin. The stabilized hemoglobin is preserved in an infusion bag with aluminum overwrap to prevent formation of inactive met-hemoglobin from oxygen intrusion. The product finds use in tissue oxygenation and cancer treatment.

A method and a device for the identification of at least two substances of content of a body fluid, wherein adjacent to a body tissue containing the body fluid, are arranged at least one radiation source and a photo receiver. The radiation source generates radiation of two different wavelengths. The radiation is directed onto the body tissue and the photo receiver receives radiation reflected by the body tissue and / or reduced through the body tissue. At least at times the radiation of a third wavelength is directed onto the body tissue for the identification of a hemoglobin derivate.

The present invention relates to a testing system for assessing hypoxia induced cellular damage in a mammal including human, comprising a disposable device having a sample inlet and a collection chamber separated by a separation device wherein the collection chamber is connected to at least two, a first and a second, visible detection compartments, whereof at least one is arranged with chemical means for direct visual detection, said first detection compartment being arranged to determine whether level of hemoglobin (Hb) in a sample of body fluid taken from said mammal exceeds a predetermined threshold value, and said second detection compartment being arranged to evaluate level of total amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in said sample.

A method and apparatus for measuring Tot-Hb in a sample are provided. The method comprises collecting absorbance measurements of a sample using a spectroscopic apparatus that comprises a first primary calibration algorithm for one of Oxy-Hb, “Oxy-Hb plus Deoxy-Hb”, or “Total-Hb minus Met-Hb” and a second primary calibration algorithm for one or more than one of Met-Hb, Carboxy-Hb, or Sulf-Hb, or comprising a third primary calibration algorithm obtained by adding terms of the first primary calibration algorithm and the second primary calibration algorithm together. Followed by predicting either a first value for one of Oxy-Hb, “Oxy-Hb plus Deoxy-Hb,” or “Total-Hb minus Met-Hb” and predicting second value for one or more than one of Met-Hb, Carboxy-Hb, or Sulf-Hb in the sample and add the first and second value together, or predicting a value for Total-Hb.

An improved sensor (102) for respiratory and metabolic monitoring in mobile devices, wearables, security, illumination, photography, and other devices and systems uses an optional phosphor-coated broadband white LED (103) to produce broadband light (114), which is then transmitted along with any ambient light to a target (125) such as the ear, face, or wrist of a living subject. Some of the scattered light returning from the target to detector (141) is passed through narrowband spectral filter set (155) to produce multiple detector regions, each sensitive to a different waveband wavelength range, and the detected light is spectrally analyzed to determine a measure of respiration of the subject, such as respiratory rate, volume, effort, depth, or respiratory variability. In one example, variations in components of the bloodstream over time such as hemoglobin and water are determined based on the detected light, and said measure of respiration is then determined based on the in components of the bloodstream over time, with venous compartment changes as a result of body movement and body position changes, and skin surface compartment changes as a result of sensor movement, substantially removed. In the absence of the LED light, the ambient light may be sufficient illumination for analysis. The same sensor can provide identifying features of type or status of a tissue target, such as heart rate or variability, hydration status, or even confirmation that the tissue is alive. Respiratory monitoring systems incorporating the sensor, as well as methods, are also disclosed.

Decades of investigations were focused on finding “gold standard” for evaluation of plasma dilution and osmolality, blood loss evaluation and prediction of bleeding or transfusion induced changes in hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration. Addressing deficiencies of existing methods, the current invention created new combined mathematical-physiological model applicable to manually operated nomograms and software in medical monitors. The mathematical model HBS Trends is used in blood transfusion and infusion therapy nomogram—HBS Nomogram—which is based on blood hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit. It is also an easy and practical tool for recording and dynamical interpretation of plasma osmolality, blood hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The HBS Nomogram is a practical system for organizing blood test results in a patient's medical records. It can be used alone or, in line with existing guidelines for infusion and transfusion therapy making them more practical, cost effective and time saving in decision making.

The present invention relates to methods arid compositions for isolating hemoglobin from red blood cells. Such methods and compositions also facilitate viral inactivation in a manner that allows recovery of biologically active hemoglobin. More particularly, this method relates to the use of solvents and detergents that are capable of facilitating red blood cell lysis to release hemoglobin (and solubilizing red blood cell membranes), while simultaneously inactivating viruses.

The present invention discloses a high-yield gamma-polyglutamic acid production gene engineering bacterial and a fermentation production method thereof. The gene engineering bacterial is named Bacillus subtilis FRD518, wherein the preservation number is CGMCC NO.6772, and the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene (vgb) is recombined and integrated on the chromosome of the gene engineering bacterial, such that the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin VHb can be successfully and highly expressed so as to significantly improve the oxygen utilization rate of the recombinant Bacillus subtilis under a low dissolved oxygen condition. According to the present invention, during a fermentation process, a carbon source, sodium glutamate, a yeast extract and other components are added in a flow manner, such that the gene engineering bacterial can efficiently produce the gamma-polyglutamic acid in a high yield manner, wherein the yield achieves more than 65 g / L, and is increased by 147% compared with the yield of the single batch culture of the original wild strain; and with the gene engineering bacterial, the problems of low yield, more by-products, long period, high energy consumption and the like of fermentation of the gamma-polyglutamic acid gene engineering bacterial under high viscosity and dissolved oxygen limiting conditions are solved, and the gamma-polyglutamic acid gene engineering bacterial can be applied for large-scale industrial production of gamma-polyglutamate acid.

The present invention provides a hemoglobin molecule (Hb) having six±one PEG chains, wherein two of said PEG chains are bound to Cys-93 (β) of Hb, and the remaining PEG chains are bound to thiol groups introduced on ε-NH2 of Hb. The present invention also provides a process for preparing a modified hemoglobin molecule (Hb), comprising the steps of: (a) reacting Hb with 8-15 fold excess of iminothiolane to form thiolated Hb; and (b) reacting the thiolated Hb with 16-30 fold excess of PEG functionalized with a maleimide moiety, to form the modified Hb.

Nonsymbiotic hemoglobins are broadly present across evolution; however, the function of these proteins is unknown. Cultured maize cells have been transformed to constitutively express a barley hemoglobin gene in either the sense (HB+) or antisense (HB−) orientation. Hemoglobin protein in the transformed cell lines was correspondingly higher or lower than in wild type cells under normal atmospheric conditions. Limiting oxygen availability, by placing the cells in a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours, had little effect on the energy status of cells constitutively expressing hemoglobin, but had a pronounced effect on both wild type and HB− cells, where ATP levels declined by 27% and 61% respectively. Energy charge was relatively unaffected by the treatment in HB+ and wild type cells, but was reduced from 0.91 to 0.73 in HB− cells suggesting that the latter were incapable of maintaining their energy status under the low oxygen regime. Similar results were observed with P. aeruginosa cells transformed with an Hb expression vector. It is suggested that nonsymbiotic hemoglobins act to maintain the energy status of cells in low oxygen environments and that they accomplish this effect by promoting glycolytic flux through NADH oxidation, resulting in increased substrate level phosphorylation. Nonsymbiotic hemoglobins are likely ancestors of an early form of hemoglobin that sequestered oxygen in low oxygen environments, providing a source of oxygen to oxidize NADH to provide ATP for cell growth and development. This in turn suggests that cells containing increased levels of Hb protein will survive longer under low oxygen tension or high energy demand.

The invention discloses an embedded non-invasive detection system of human body physiological information and a data processing method. The system comprises a detector housing and a detection circuit board and a detection groove which are installed inside the detector housing; infrared diode arrays are installed at two sides of the detection groove; an inclined bench is installed at the bottom of the detection groove; an inclined optical filter is installed above the inclined bench and the inclined optical filter is paralleled with an upper surface of the inclined bench; a cavity is installed between the inclined optical filter and the inclined bench, wherein the cavity is provided with an image acquisition module and an photoelectric volume pulse detection circuit therein; a connection position of the detection groove and an inclined bottom of the inclined optical filter is provided with a finger tip cavity which is provided with a finger switch therein. The system of the invention is convenient to use and is dustproof; human body information such as heart rate, blood oxygen and hemoglobin concentration can be continuously, noninvasively and in real time monitored; at the same time, vein images of users can be conveniently and quickly acquired so as to realize efficient and accurate noninvasive detection; the system and method of the invention can be widely applied in health check-up for hospitals.

A method for performing a photopheresis procedure is provided comprising collecting MNCs in a suspension comprising RBCs and plasma and lysing the red blood cells in the solution, preferably by combining the suspension with a solution to cause lysis. In one example, the solution for causing lysis of the red blood cells comprises ammonium chloride, and the suspension including the ammonium chloride is incubated to cause lysing. After lysing, the suspension may be washed to remove plasma and hemoglobin freed by the lysis of the red blood cells, and an ultraviolet light activated substance is added to the suspension. The suspension is then irradiated with ultraviolet light.

A method of measuring cellular hemoglobin of a blood sample includes mixing a blood sample with a permeation reagent, and incubating the sample mixture to permeate cellular membrane of red blood cells and to cause hemoglobin aggregation within the cells; adding a neutralization reagent to inhibit further reactions of the permeation reagent; performing a cell-by-cell measurement of side scatter signals of the red blood cells in the sample mixture on a flow cytometer; and obtaining cellular hemoglobin (Hgbcell) of each red blood cell using the obtained side scatter signals. The method further includes measuring cellular hemoglobin of reticulocytes (Hgbretic) by differentiating reticulocytes using a simultaneous fluorescence measurement. The method also includes measuring cellular percentage of a hemoglobin variant in mature red blood cells or reticulocytes by adding a fluorescent antibody in the neutralization reagent and detecting fluorescence signals of antibody bound hemoglobin variant.

The invention discloses a functionalized ionic liquid-hydrotalcite-like composite material fixed protein modified electrode as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, firstly the fixation of an ionic liquid-hydrotalcite-like composite material to hemoglobin is realized by utilizing a coprecipitation method, then obtained hemoglobin-functionalized ionic liquid-hydrotalcite-like composite material is prepared into a solution which is dropwise coated on the surface of a preprocessed glassy carbon electrode, and the functionalized ionic liquid-hydrotalcite-like composite material fixed protein modified electrode is obtained after natural drying. According to the obtained composite modified electrode, the superiorities of functionalized ionic liquid and layered inorganic materials in the aspect of electrode modified materials are adequately combined, so that the modified electrode has high electrical conductivity and good dispersibility and enzyme fixation capacity. A hydrogen peroxide electrochemical sensor based on the modified electrode has the advantages of simplicity in operation, mild condition, low detection limit, high sensitivity, wide linear range and the like.

A method and apparatus for use in respect of samples which are assessed for quality prior to testing in a clinical analyzer. The method and apparatus identify parameters such as gel level and height of fluid above the gel in blood samples, where appropriate, for the purposes of positioning the specimen for determination of interferents. Such interferents include hemoglobin (Hb), total bilirubin and lipids. These interferents are determined by measurement of absorption of different wavelengths of light in serum or plasma, or other speciments, which are then compared with values obtained through calibration using reference measurements for the respective interferents in serum or plasma or other type of specimen. Determination of temperature of the specimen, as well as specimen type, for example whether the specimen is urine or plasma or serum, may also be carried out.

The invention provides a preparation method for a thermo-sensitive type molecularly imprinted polymer with a metal frame. The method is used for enriching or sensing bovine hemoglobin and comprises the following steps: preparing a metal frame compound with upconversion fluorescence; introducing a thermo-sensitive monomer. According to the preparation method for the thermo-sensitive type molecularly imprinted polymer of the metal frame, UCNPs with strong fluorescence and MOF with larger specific surface area are introduced into a molecular imprinting technology, and a prepared composite material can be used for enriching or sensing the bovine hemoglobin. Meanwhile, the thermo-sensitive monomer is introduced, so that the composite material has a temperature-based reversible adsorption / release function and has a broad application prospect.

The present invention provides a convenient, efficient method for determining a substrate contained in a hemoglobin-containing sample and a reagent therefor, which can be employed for a variety of automatic analyzers while reducing interference of hemoglobin contained in the sample. A method for determining a substrate contained in a hemoglobin-containing sample through reaction of an oxidase with the substrate and optical measurement of the produced hydrogen peroxide by use of a peroxidase and an oxidizable color producing reagent, characterized in that the hemoglobin-containing sample is treated with an anionic surfactant selected from among a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate salt, a polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate salt, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfosuccinate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether carboxylate salt, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonate salt, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, an alkyl sulfosuccinate, and an alkylphenyl ether sulfonate salt.

Compositions of matter and methods for making, storing and administering artificial blood substitutes. Artificial blood substitutes may have oxygen carriers that encapsulate an oxygen-binding compound in a polymer vesicle. Oxygen-binding compounds may include hemoglobin, myoglobin, or other oxygen binding compounds having characteristics similar to hemoglobin. Oxygen carriers may include nanoparticles, polymers and / or polymersomes comprising of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) and related diblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(γ-methyl ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PMCL). The oxygen carriers may have tunable oxygen-binding capacities, uniform and appropriately small size distributions, and human bloodlike viscosities and oncotic properties.

A preservation solution for preserving a biological material at a low temperature including one or more polyphenols, and a method for preserving a biological material are provided. The method includes adding the preservation solution to a biological material, cooling the biological material and storing it under appropriate storing conditions. The method can be used for hypothermic preservation or for cryopreservation, including freezing and lyophilization, of any biological material, including cells selected from RBC, WBC, MNC, UCB, MNC, and bacteria. A method is also provided for freezing RBCs such that upon thawing, the RBCs include less than 2% free hemoglobin.

The invention discloses a construction method of an impedance type electrochemical sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer with a magnetic surface and an application of the sensor in protein detection, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensing. The construction method comprises the following steps: synthesizing the molecularly imprinted polymer on the surface of a magnetic nano particle by taking hemoglobin as a template molecule and dopamine as a monomer and by using the self polymerization performance and the good adhesive capacity of the dopamine; eluting the hemoglobin, so as to prepare the molecularly imprinted polymer with the magnetic surface, wherein the molecularly imprinted polymer with the magnetic surface has the good identification effect on the hemoglobin; and fixing the polymer on the surface of a magnetic glassy carbon electrode under the action of a magnetic field, so as to construct a hemoglobin sensing interface based on the molecularly imprinted polymer with the magnetic surface, wherein the hemoglobin sensing interface based on the molecularly imprinted polymer with the magnetic surface is used for hemoglobin detection. The constructed electrochemical sensor based on the molecularly imprinted polymer with the magnetic surface is simple in method, high in hemoglobin detection sensitivity and good in selectivity.

The present invention provides an electrochemical detection method for content of glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood, and is characterized in that: whole blood specimen is diluted by combined liquid ranging from 30 times to 70 times and passes through a glycosylated protein recognizer, electric activated small molecules are filled into the effluent liquid from the glycosylated protein recognizer, and electrochemical response of the liquid is detected by chemically modified electrodes after the filling, thereby obtaining the concentration of the blood glucose. The glycosylated protein recognizer is eluted by elute solvent, and the electrochemical response of the elute solvent is detected and the concentration of the glycosylated hemoglobin is obtained, thereby obtaining the content of the glycosylated hemoglobin of the sample after calculation. As the electrochemical detection is simple in operation, lower in cost and rapid in the analysis, the present invention is expected to realize the rapid determination of the clinical glycosylated hemoglobin and the rapid determination of the glycosylated hemoglobin after separation and elution.