9 results about "Formic acid fuel cell" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for producing formic acid by reducing carbon dioxide through a hydrogen-driven hollow fiber catalytic membrane reactor, and relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide resource utilization. In order to solve the problems of low formic acid product selectivity, low CO2 conversion efficiency and high cost in the prior art, hydrogen is used as the only energy source, and a hollow fiber non-porous membrane is utilized to realize bubble-free efficient mass transfer of H2 to form a compact hydrogen-rich layer on the surface; the nano-metal particle catalyst loaded on the surface of the membrane synergistically activates hydrogen at a gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface to generate active hydrogen atoms, and CO2 transferred in a dissolved state or a gas phase is subjected to directional catalytic reduction to form formic acid with high selectivity. The method is operated at normal temperature and normal pressure, so that the H2 utilization efficiency and the CO2 mass transfer efficiency are remarkably improved, and the byproduct separation cost and the operation energy consumption are effectively reduced; the produced formic acid can be used as an important chemical raw material and intermediate, an excellent liquid hydrogen storage carrier, a formic acid fuel cell fuel and a microbial carbon source, and has wide application value.

This invention discloses a method for coupling a vanadium-based energy storage medium to a fuel cell, relating to the technical field of batteries. The method includes the following steps: a vanadium-based energy storage medium, a fuel cell, and a coupling system. This invention combines the oxidation of vanadium-based energy storage materials with CO2 reduction to form an electrolytic cell. Formic acid or methanol, obtained from the reduction of CO2 at the cathode, is then used as the reactant at the anode of the formic acid or methanol fuel cell, achieving stable power output and time-controlled operation. Since formic acid is a liquid at room temperature, has low toxicity, and possesses a higher electromotive force than hydrogen and methanol, formic acid fuel cells have greater potential and application range compared to hydrogen and methanol fuel cells, enabling stable energy output. Furthermore, by coupling the vanadium-based energy storage medium with a direct methanol fuel cell, efficient storage and full utilization of methanol are achieved, effectively reducing the negative impacts of methanol permeation and improving battery stability and energy output in practical applications.

The invention belongs to the field of multi-component platinum-based nano catalyst synthesis and fuel cell device application research, and particularly relates to a three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst, a preparation method thereof and application of the three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst in formic acid catalytic reaction. The preparation method of the three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst comprises the following steps: ultrasonically dispersing a platinum precursor, a bismuth precursor, a rare earth element precursor and a carbon carrier uniformly in a solvent, heating and stirring until the mixture is dried by distillation, grinding, and calcining the obtained ground material in hydrogen-containing gas. The three-component platinum-bismuth rare earth alloy catalyst obtained by the method has efficient catalytic action under two catalytic conditions of formic acid oxidation reaction and membrane electrode in a direct formic acid fuel cell, and is far higher than that of a commercial platinum-carbon catalyst, especially a catalyst with a rare earth element of terbium; the catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity and stability in formic acid oxidation reaction of a direct formic acid fuel cell and in a membrane electrode, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a direct formic acid fuel cell technology, and aims to provide preparation and application of a modified carbon-supported palladium alloy catalyst with multistage mass transfer channels. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: depositing a palladium alloy on a hydrophilic nitrogen-containing carbon carrier through a liquid phase co-deposition method to obtain the nitrogen-containing carbon palladium-supported alloy catalyst, the composite material is used for preparing a positive plate and then assembling a soft package battery, and sodium intercalation is finally realized through multiple times of sodium deintercalation and intercalation cycle treatment; after separation, reacting in an oxidizing atmosphere, and generating sodium salt or alkali between graphite layers of the catalyst carbon carrier to open the space between the graphite layers; and removing the expanding agent to obtain the modified catalyst with the secondary mass transfer channel. An anolyte storage space is formed between carbon carrier graphite layers, so that the mass transfer problem of formic acid and a homogeneous catalyst is avoided, electrode polarization is effectively reduced, the coupling catalysis-assisting effect of the homogeneous catalyst is enhanced, and CO generation is inhibited. Compared with the prior art, the power density and the service life of the formic acid fuel cell are improved.

The invention relates to the field of fuel cell nano material application, and discloses a PdCuNi medium-high entropy alloy catalyst for formic acid oxidation reaction and a preparation method thereof.The catalyst is composed of Pd, Cu and Ni, the atomic ratio of Pd to Cu to Ni is 50-55: 20-25: 20-25, the catalyst is of a three-dimensional porous nanowire structure, the average diameter of nanowires is 5-8 nm, the specific surface area (ECSA) is larger than or equal to 50 m / g, and the specific surface area (ECSA) is larger than or equal to 50 m / g. The three-dimensional porous structure catalyst prepared by a NaBH4 one-step reduction method has atomic-scale disordered arrangement, high specific surface area and optimized d-band center, and the catalytic activity (mass activity of 2.7 A / mg) and stability (10h performance retention rate of 82%) of formic acid oxidation reaction are remarkably improved. According to the PdCuNi medium-high-entropy alloy catalyst for formic acid oxidation reaction and the preparation method of the PdCuNi medium-high-entropy alloy catalyst, the power density of 153 mW / cm is achieved in a direct formic acid fuel cell, the PdCuNi medium-high-entropy alloy catalyst can be expanded to the fields of electro-catalysis hydrogen production and the like, and a new path is provided for design of an efficient palladium-based catalyst.

The invention provides an NC loaded Rh monatomic and Dy2O3 catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that zinc nitrate, an Rh precursor and a Dy precursor are dissolved in methyl alcohol, ultrasonic dispersion is conducted, and a solution A is obtained; dissolving 2-methylimidazole in methanol, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the obtained mixed solution, cooling, centrifuging, collecting nanocrystals, and washing with methanol to obtain RhDy ZIF-8; and roasting the RhDy ZIF-8, cooling, and grinding to obtain the Dy2O3-Rh / NC catalyst. According to the NC-loaded Rh single atom and Dy2O3 composite material obtained by the method, high-dispersion single atom activity is maintained, and meanwhile, Dy2O3 and Rh single atoms cooperate to endow a catalyst with excellent CO poisoning resistance and FAOR resistance through unique oxyphilicity of Dy2O3, so that the NC-loaded Rh single atom and Dy2O3 composite material shows huge application potential in high-concentration formic acid fuel cells.

This invention discloses a palladium-based alloy catalyst, its preparation method, and its application in formic acid fuel cells, belonging to the field of palladium catalyst electrocatalysis technology. The catalyst prepared by this invention is a ruthenium-doped two-dimensional palladium-based alloy catalyst, which has an ordered mesoporous two-dimensional nanosheet structure. In the preparation process, dodecyltriruthenium is selected as the ruthenium source. Under heating conditions, it decomposes to form CO, which acts as a structure directing agent, inducing the formation of two-dimensional nanosheets and effectively inhibiting the aggregation of metal atoms. During this process, the interaction between palladium and ruthenium metal atoms leads to the formation of ordered mesopores in the catalyst. The surface morphology of the catalyst can be flexibly controlled by controlling the amount of ruthenium metal atoms incorporated. The obtained catalyst exhibits excellent formic acid oxidation performance.

The invention discloses a platinum-nickel catalyst, a direct formic acid fuel cell and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. The preparation method of the platinum-nickel catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring polyvinylpyrrolidone, glycine, chloroplatinic acid and nickel chloride in water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment; and (2) adding sodium borohydride as a reducing agent for reaction, centrifuging, washing and purifying to obtain the product. The preparation method of the direct formic acid fuel cell comprises the following steps: (1) preparing uniform catalyst layer slurry; preparing a membrane electrode; and (3) preparing the direct formic acid fuel cell. The catalytic performance of the platinum-nickel catalyst is three times that of a commercial Pt / C catalyst, the cost is low, and the performance of the direct formic acid fuel cell can be greatly improved when the platinum-nickel catalyst is applied to the direct formic acid fuel cell; moreover, the possibility of large-scale production in theory of the simple preparation method is the biggest advantage of large-scale commercial production with extremely low industrial cost.

This invention discloses an anode catalyst for high-concentration formic acid fuel cells, and for the first time synthesizes a three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite material with a width of 600–900 nm and a thickness of 55–80 nm. Its performance at 0.1 mol / L... ‑1 Perchloric acid and 3.0 mol L ‑1 The mass activity of formic acid oxidation in a mixed formic acid solution is 8.2 A mg. ‑1 The surface activity is 11.8 mA cm⁻¹. ‑2 These figures are 15.7 and 13.1 times higher than those of commercially available carbon-supported platinum, respectively. In stability testing, the three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite exhibited a residual activity of 1.33 A mg after a 3600 s iterative test. ‑1 It is 221.6 times that of commercial Pt / C. At 15.0 mol L⁻¹ ‑1 In a practical direct formic acid fuel cell using formic acid as fuel, the peak power density of the three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite material is 156.1 mW / cm². ‑2 The peak power density of commercially available carbon-supported platinum is only 77.0 mW / cm². ‑2 .