35 results about "Hyperfine structure" patented technology

There is provided an optical system, including a light-transmitting substrate (20) having at least two external major surfaces and edges, an optical element for coupling light waves into the substrate (20) by internal reflection, at least one partially reflecting surface located in the substrate (20), for coupling light waves out of the substrate (20), at least one transparent air gap film (110) including a base (112) and a hyperfine structure (111) defining a relief formation, constructed on the base, wherein the air gap film is attached to one of the major surfaces of the substrate (20), with the relief formation facing the substrate (20) defining an interface plane (58), so that the light waves coupled inside the substrate (20) are substantially totally reflected from the interface plane (58).

A shear-extrusion method of severe plastic deformation for fabrication of metal shapes with ultra-fine structures is described. The improvements of the method include unidirectional shear of any required intensity during one step processing and under high hydrostatic pressures, fabrication of long products with different cross-sections, refinement of low ductile alloys, the increase of productivity and cost reduction. The method can be realized as forward extrusion, backward extrusion, semi continuous extrusion and extrusion of hollow shapes in portal dies with a welding chamber.

A method of forming a metal wiring in a semiconductor device. In order to overcome the limitation of copper filling into the damascene pattern formed on an insulating film using copper as a metal wiring, a chemical enhancer layer is formed on the damascene pattern which is then filled with copper by depositing copper by means of MOCVD method using a copper precursor. The chemical enhancer is exposed to a plasma process or radical plasma process so that it remains only within a bottom portion of the damascene pattern. Therefore, a selective copper deposition within the damascene pattern is provided to accelerate the deposition speed of copper by CECVD method, thus overcoming the limitation of slow and incomplete copper filling for ultra-fine structures.

The present invention provides a metal electrode transparent to light. The metal electrode comprises a transparent substrate and a metal electrode layer composed of a metal part and plural openings. The metal electrode layer continues without breaks, and 90% or more of the metal part continues linearly without breaks by the openings in a straight length of not more than ⅓ of the visible wavelength to use in 380 nm to 780 nm. The openings have an average diameter in the range of not less than 10 nm and not more than ⅓ of the wavelength of incident light, and the pitches between the centers of the openings are not less than the average diameter and not more than ½ of the wavelength of incident light. The metal electrode layer has a thickness in the range of not less than 10 nm and not more than 200 nm.

There is provided an optical system, including a light-transmitting substrate (20) having at least two external major surfaces and edges, an optical element for coupling light waves into the substrate (20) by internal reflection, at least one partially reflecting surface located in the substrate (20), for coupling light waves out of the substrate (20), at least one transparent air gap film (110) including a base (112) and a hyperfine structure (111) defining a relief formation, constructed on the base, wherein the air gap film is attached to one of the major surfaces of the substrate (20), with the relief formation facing the substrate (20) defining an interface plane (58), so that the light waves coupled inside the substrate (20) are substantially totally reflected from the interface plane (58).

The invention relates to a preparation method of wheat straw nano-cellulose whiskers, belonging to the technical field of new materials. The invention treats wheat straw by steam explosion, breaks the wrapping effect of lignin and hemicellulose on cellulose, separates and removes most of hemicellulose and pectin, and uses sodium chlorite to oxidize and degrade lignin, and further removes it by alkali treatment Residue impurities, and then oxidize C6 on the primary hydroxyl group of cellulose to carboxyl group, combined with high-speed homogeneous dispersion method freeze-drying to produce small-sized high-purity needles grown in the form of single crystal structure, highly ordered atomic arrangement, internal Containing fewer defects, compared with ordinary natural cellulose, it has high specific surface area, high purity, high crystallinity, high strength, high modulus, ultrafine structure and high transparency of cellulose nano whiskers.

The invention relates to a high temperature preparation device of raw bamboo fiber nano carbon particles. The high temperature preparation device comprises a closed container in which a vibrator and a temperature sensor are arranged, and a high temperature water vapor generator, wherein the high temperature water vapor generator comprises a water tank, an electric heater for heating water, and a vapor output pipeline; the vapor output pipeline is communicated with the upper cavity of the closed container, the vapor output pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve, the temperature sensor is connected with an IPC(Industrial Personal Computer) input end, and the IPC respectively controls the work of the electric heater and the solenoid valve. The device can quickly carbonize the raw bamboo fiber powder, and moreover, the prepared raw bamboo fiber nano carbon particles have the characteristics such as big surface area and ultrafine structure.

The invention discloses a method for preparing hyperfine nanometer structure in a large scale and the application. The method consists of: 1) putting the object to be processed in a field transmission electron microscope with accelerating voltage more than 200kV; regulating the amplifying multiple of the field transmission electron microscope to 100KX; converging transmission electron beam into a beam spot of 1-10nm; 2) the beam spot is moved to the position where the hyperfine nanometer structure is needed to be prepared on the surface of the object to be processed to have an exposure, thus obtaining the hyperfine nanometer structure on the position; 3) moving the beam spot in the procedure 2) to the next position needed for preparing the hyperfine nanometer structure; repeating the procedures to obtain the hyperfine nanometer structure including a nanometer hole and a nanometer raster slit. The processing precision of the method is 1nm; the penetrating depth can reach 300 nanometers; the controllability and repeatability are high; a random two dimensional array can be arranged; the method has extensive application in preparing a DNA resequencing device, an atomic wave diffraction device, and a single particle probing device.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and relates to an adjustable vortex array generation method and device based on an optical induction atomic lattice. The method comprises the following steps: S1, the frequencies of coupling light and input light are respectively detuned and locked on D1 and D2 hyperfine structure transition lines of alkali metal atoms; S2, the coupled light is divided into two light beams, the two light beams are incident to a depolarization beam splitter prism from the two sides of the incident plane of the depolarization beam splitter prism at different incident angles and are divided into four light beams, two light beams of the four light beams are emitted at an included angle and generate a first standing wave field in the propagation direction, the other two light beams generate a second standing wave field in the propagation direction, and after the direction of the first standing wave field is rotated by 90 degrees, the first standing wave field beam and the second standing wave field beam are combined and incident into an alkali metal steam pool to form a two-dimensional optical induction atomic lattice modulated in space periodically; and S3, after the input light passes through a vortex wave plate, the input light and an interference standing wave field formed by the coupling light oppositely coincide and are incident to the alkali metal steam pool, and after atomic lattice diffraction, a vortex array is output. The vortex array can be dynamically generated and controlled.

A screw or a tapping screw, comprising a hyperfine structure steel having ferrite grains of 3 mum or smaller in average grain size and a nitrided layer on a surface part, wherein a strength is increased, a surface hardness is increased, and the surface hardness and an inside hardness are kept in balance, whereby a novel tapping screw and novel general screws can be provided.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic induction measure apparatus, and belongs to the electromagnetic measurement field. The electromagnetic induction measure apparatus includes a processing unit, a laser generator, an acousto-optic modulator, a signal generator, a current adjusting module, a physical system and an optical detection unit. The laser generator is controlled by the processing unit to emit a linear scan frequency. Furthermore linearly scanned excitation signals are obtained through the acousto-optic modulator and make Zeeman split phenomenon happen in the physical system. The optical detection unit returns optical detection signals to the processing unit, so that the processing unit fits corresponding data curves according to the excitation signals and the optical detection signals. Stray electromagnetic induction intensity of interference magnetic fields generated in various electronic circuits in the system is calculated by two groups of data curves obtained through only changing of the current direction in a C field coil. Furthermore the research accuracy is improved when the hyperfine structure of an atomic ground state is researched.

The invention provides a precise frequency spectrum atomic clock based on atomic ground state hyperfine structure reference. The atomic clock comprises a spectrum lamp, a high-frequency oscillator, a light filtering resonance module and an optical excitation module, wherein the spectrum lamp is internally provided with active metal gas and is used for generating an excitation light signal; the high-frequency oscillator is used for generating oscillation excitation frequency and providing pumping energy for the spectrum lamp; the light filtering resonance module is filled with active metal gas which is the same as that of the spectrum lamp and provides a microwave magnetic field for the spectrum lamp so as to enable the active metal gas in the light filtering resonance module and the excitation light signal generated by the spectrum lamp to be subjected to resonance amplification to generate a resonance transition frequency optical signal; and the optical excitation module can acquire the resonance transition frequency optical signal, convert the resonance transition frequency optical signal into an electric signal, lock an output frequency on a transition resonance point of a metal atom, and output a reference frequency.

The present invention discloses a method for forming a metal line of a semiconductor device, in which a Cu thin film is deposited on a diffusion diaphragm layer after chemical enhancer and plasma treatment, thereby improving the burying characteristics of a contact hole with an ultrafine structure . The method comprises the following steps: forming an intermediate insulating film layer on a semiconductor substrate with a predetermined low-level structure; forming a mosaic pattern in the interlayer insulating film layer; forming a diffusion barrier layer on the entire structure with the mosaic pattern; chemical enhancer treatment on the diffusion membrane layer to form a chemical enhancer film on the diffusion membrane layer; plasma treatment; Cu thin film formation on the entire structure to bury the mosaic pattern; and polishing treatment to expose the intermediate The upper surface of the insulating film layer, causing the Cu thin film to remain in the mosaic model.

The invention provides a method and a system for testing magneto-optical spectrum of a particle beam-excited vacuum ultraviolet-visible light wave band. The method and the system have the advantages that an ion beam with charges is neutralized with an electron beam to form a neutral particle beam (atom beam), the particle beam can excite a sample without being influenced by a magnetic field; the superfine structure in the substance is reflected by electromagnetic radiation caused by atomic energy and transition energy; an optical signal is subsequently treated and controlled by a monochromator and the like, and the produced electromagnetic radiation in different frequency bands in the particle bombing process is detected, including the infrared-visible light-ultraviolet-vacuum ultraviolet light, so that the substance structures of different levels are disclosed, and the electron structure basis is provided for the research and development, production and application of novel materials.

The invention discloses a simulation method and device of a mass spectrum isotope fine structure and an ultrafine structure. The simulation method comprises the following steps: calculating an isotopefine and ultrafine structures of a molecular formula formed by any one element through an isotope vector operation, wherein an isotope vector is a combination of a quality vector and an abundance vector; arranging the quality vector according to an ascending order or a descending order, wherein abundance vector element corresponds to quality vector elements; and building an isotope element cluster vector. A high-efficient calculation method of the isotope fine structure is provided, a high-efficient algorithm of a designated mass-to-charge ratio isotope ultrafine structure is given, and high-efficient calculation of the isotope fine structure and the ultrafine structure is realized by using a unified algorithm; the problems that less internal memories of the vector operation and a change-keeping method are consumed, the operation speed is high and the calculation precision is high are found, and the device can be applied to distribution and calculation of the isotope of any elements,and the self-defined isotope distribution is supported.

The invention discloses an atomic ground state hyperfine Zeeman frequency measuring device and method, belonging to the field of atomic frequency standard. The atomic ground state hyperfine Zeeman frequency measuring device comprises an optical radiation module, a filtering module, a fission transition module, an optical detection module and a main control computation module, wherein the optical radiation module is used for enabling an atom generate radiation light; the spectral line of the radiation light comprises two hyperfine structural components; the filtering module is used for filtering out one of the two hyperfine structural components by using an isotope of the atom so as to obtain the filtered radiation light; the fission transition module is used for performing fission and resonance transition on the atom in a microwave cavity under the action of the magnetic field and a radio frequency signal and under the radiation of filtered radiation light; the atom in the microwave cavity is the same as the atom in the optical radiation module; the optical detection module is used for detecting the intensity of the radiation light penetrating through the fission transition module in real time and generating a light intensity signal; the main control computation module is used for supplying the radio frequency signal to the microwave cavity, obtaining an absorption spectral line of the atom according to a corresponding relationship between the radio frequency signal and the light intensity signal and computing the atomic ground state hyperfine Zeeman frequency according to the absorption spectral line.

This invention discloses methods and apparatus for ultrasonic color imaging that characterizes ultra-fine structures and distributional physical conditions within the target under inspection. The disclosed complementarily incorporates information arising from a plurality of repeated sound trips forced by repeated reflections of exterior and interior interfaces of target, and expresses the information into an image segment representing the main path that ultrasonic signals traveled within the target. The image produced is substantially more discriminative, descriptive, and position-sensitive to both acoustic interfaces and distributional acoustic characteristics of the target. The invention is especially useful for thin sheet targets most vulnerable to both non-continuous and continuous interior defects. The continuous interior conditions and effects of ultra-thin layered structures, that traditional ultrasonic inspection has been unable to express, are effectively expressed by linking their effects of deforming the waveform of passing ultrasonic signals to color image details.

The invention provides a high-precision particle number difference preparation platform, which comprises a light source module, a state selection preparation module, a magnetic field module, a radiation field module, a particle number difference preparation module and a detection module, wherein the light source module is used for enabling atoms to generate pumping light through stimulated radiation; the state selection preparation module is used for collecting isotope atoms of the atoms and filtering two hyperfine structure components in the focused pumping light; the magnetic field module provides an external magnetic field and is used for splitting the atom ground state hyperfine structure to form a quantization axis; the radiation field module is used for enabling the atomic ground state hyperfine structure to generate resonance transition; the particle number difference preparation module is used for pumping atoms in a ground state F=1 energy state to a ground state F=2 energy state under the irradiation of the pumping light filtered by the state selection preparation module; and the detection module enables the output signal frequency to be locked at the center frequency of an atomic spectral line in the particle number difference preparation module through quantum deviation correction. According to the high-precision particle number difference preparation platform, the population difference of particles can be increased with high precision, the observation of microwave or radio frequency resonance between atomic ultrafine sub-energy levels is facilitated, and the research on the internal fine structure and change of atoms is facilitated.

The invention relates to a high temperature preparation device of raw bamboo fiber nano carbon particles. The high temperature preparation device comprises a closed container in which a vibrator and a temperature sensor are arranged, and a high temperature water vapor generator, wherein the high temperature water vapor generator comprises a water tank, an electric heater for heating water, and a vapor output pipeline; the vapor output pipeline is communicated with the upper cavity of the closed container, the vapor output pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve, the temperature sensor is connected with an IPC(Industrial Personal Computer) input end, and the IPC respectively controls the work of the electric heater and the solenoid valve. The device can quickly carbonize the raw bamboo fiber powder, and moreover, the prepared raw bamboo fiber nano carbon particles have the characteristics such as big surface area and ultrafine structure.

The invention discloses a method for testing the hyperfine structure energy level of a hydrogen atom and a device for displaying the hyperfine structure energy level of the hydrogen atom. The device is suitable for the experiment research and teaching of a quantum physics specialty and used for testing and displaying the hyperfine structure energy level of the hydrogen atom. Pure hydrogen is ionized and then dissociated into the hydrogen atoms according to a quantum mechanics principle; each generated ground-state hydrogen atom is in four hyperfine structure energy states, namely |F=1, mF=+1)|F=1, mF=0)(high energy state) and |F=1, mF=-1)|F=0, mF=0)(low energy state), wherein F is the angular quantum number of the ground-state hydrogen atoms, and mF is a magnetic quantum number. The device is manufactured on the basis of a principle that the hydrogen atoms in the high energy states are focused towards a center and the hydrogen atoms in the lower energy states are deflected towards an edge after the ground-state hydrogen atoms pass through a magnetic field with a certain gradient and comprises a hydrogen source system, an ionization system, a tiny drainage hole collimator, a deflection magnet, an imaging target, a vacuum system, a distance adjusting device, a support frame, data acquisition and analysis software, and the like.