81 results about "Anion radicals" patented technology

An object of the present invention is to provide a composition excellent in various flocculation performances for various sludge and papermaking systems, especially excellent as a polymer flocculant, and provide a sludge-dewatering agent excellent in dewatering performances for various sludge, especially excellent in flocculationability, as well as a retention aid which can realize a high retention and ensure excellent formation of paper and which is easy to use.A composition is provided, which comprises two or more amphoteric water-soluble polymers in combination shown below, the polymers being obtained by polymerizing a cationic radical-polymerizable monomer and an anionic radical-polymerizable monomer in a presence of a polysaccharide.1. A combination of a polymer satisfying the molar ratio of the cationic radical-polymerizable monomer to the anionic radical-polymerizable monomer (hereinafter referred to as Ca / An) of Ca / An≧1, and a polymer satisfying Ca / An<1, or2. a combination of two kinds of polymers satisfying Ca / An≧1.

A stable high-performance lithium secondary cell having a variable-shape case in which a cell element is contained and not bulging even though the shape of the case is variable and even if it is stored at high temperature. The lithium secondary cell comprising a cell element that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte containing a nonaqueous solvent and a solute, and a variable-shape case containing the cell element is characterized in that DEadd(AN) is smaller than DEsol(AN) where DEsol(AN) is the difference Esol(A) - Esol(N) where Esol(N) is the enthalpy of the neutral molecular of the nonaqueous solvent determined by a predetermined calculation method and Esol(A) is the enthalpy of the anion radical produced by giving the neutral molecular one electron, and where DEadd(AN) is the difference Eadd(A) - Eadd(N) where Eadd(N) is the enthalpy of the neutral molecular of an additive [alpha] contained in the cell element determined by a predetermined calculation method and Eadd(A) is the enthalpy of the anion radical produced by giving the neutral molecular one electron.

The present invention relates to one kind of amphoteric water soluble polymer color-fixing agent and its synthesis and use. The amphoteric water soluble color-fixing agent is suitable for color fixing of direct active dye, and can form cation radical, reactant anion radical, hydrogen bond and some radical capable of increasing the intermolecular force in water solution. It can combine with dye anion and cellulose anion through electrostatic force like cationic color fixing agent, and has active cross-linking radical, structure unit with affinity to dye and molecular weight great enough to form protecting film combining with dye and fiber to close the hydrophilic radical, lower the water solubility of dye molecule and strengthen the force between dye molecule and cellulose molecule simultaneously, so as to raise color fastness in several aspects.

Set retarders of copolymers of at least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer and at least one alkoxylated sulfate, phosphate or ketonic salt are capable of delaying the hardening of a cementitious slurry when introduced into a subterranean formation until a downhole temperature greater than or equal to 500° F. is obtained, even in the absence of an intensifier. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably a carboxylic acid, amido carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, amido carboxylic acid ester, hydroxylated alkyl ester of a carboxylic acid or a hydroxylated amido carboxylic acid ester, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid or amide as well as mixtures thereof and the alkoxylated sulfate, phosphate or ketonic salt is of the formula:wherein unit R1 is H or a C1-C4 alkyl; R2 is —(CH2CH2—O—)n or (—CH2CHCH3—O—)n or a mixture thereof; n ranges from about 1 to about 100; X is an anionic radical selected from —SO3, —PO3 or —COO or a water soluble cationic moiety which counterbalances the valence of the anionic radical X.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an antioxidative peptide of a hairtail. The preparation method comprises the following steps of 1, adding water into hairtails, and mincing the hairtails into hairtail paste, 2, adding the hairtail paste into an enzymolysis tank, and adding endoprotease into the hairtail paste for hydrolysis, wherein the mass of the endoprotease is 0.2 to 0.9% of the mass of the hairtails, 3, carrying out centrifugation of a hydrolysate obtained by the step 2, and collecting a supernatant, 4, carrying out microfiltration of the supernatant, adding the micro-filtrated supernatant into the enzymolysis tank, and adding excision protease into the enzymolysis tank for hydrolysis, wherein the mass of the excision protease is 0.1 to 0.9% of the mass of the hairtails, 5, in the hydrolysis, pumping an enzymatic hydrolysate into an ultrafiltration membrane separator from the enzymolysis tank so that the enzymatic hydrolysate can be circulated at a flow of 0.1 to 0.5L / min, and 6, collecting an ultrafiltration membrane permeate, carrying out reduced pressure concentration until a volume of the ultrafiltration membrane permeate is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the original volume, keeping a temperature of -18 to -20 DEG C for a night, and carrying out freeze drying at a temperature of -60 to -65 DEG C under the pressure of 0.005 to 0.0054 mbar to obtain the antioxidative peptide of hairtails. The antioxidative peptide of hairtails has strong antioxidation activity, a hydroxyl radical removal rate of 82.0%, a superoxide anion radical removal rate of 85.2% and a DPPH radical removal rate of 61.5%.

The invention relates to a dyeing method, which belongs to the technical field of dyeing and finishing. The method comprises the following steps that: 1) using cellulose use reaction type ultraviolet absorbers with anion radicals for carrying out modification treatment on cellulose type fabrics; and 2) using berberine for dyeing the modified fabrics. The invention adopts the cellulose use reaction type ultraviolet absorbers as modification agents, and the cellulose use reaction type ultraviolet absorbers and cellulose fiber take covalent crosslink reaction under the alkaline condition, so negative charges are introduced on the cellulose, the combination capability of the cellulose with cation natural dyestuff can be improved, the ultraviolet resistance capability of the cellulose type fabrics and the dyeing rate of the cation natural dyestuff can be improved at the same time through one-step modification, and the invention lays the foundation for the cellulose dyeing by the cation dyestuff. The berberine is selected for dyeing the cellulose type fiber such as cotton, hemp and the like, the invention has the advantages of green effect, health and no pollution, and the manufactured products have uniform color, and have good washing resistance firmness and friction resistance firmness.

An metalloporphyrin-complex-embedded liposome, comprising a cationic metalloporphyrin complex and a lipid having liposome forming ability is disclosed. As metalloporphyrin-complex-embedded liposomes according to the present invention act on superoxide anion radicals (O2−), and can surely lower their concentration, they can exhibit superb effects for the treatment of cancers and have excellent characteristics as antioxidants.

A novel retention aid is provided, which can realizes not only high retention but also excellent paper formation and is easy to use, in various papermaking processes. A composition for improving retention is provided, which comprises (A) a cationic water-soluble polymer and (B) an amphoteric water-soluble polymer. The component (A) preferably is a copolymer having a cation equivalent of 0.05 to 4.00 meq / g or one having a 0.5% salted viscosity of 30 to 200 mPa·s. The component (B) preferably is either a copolymer comprising a cationic radical-polymerizable monomer unit, an anionic radical-polymerizable monomer unit, and a nonionic radical-polymerizable monomer unit, or an amphoteric water-soluble polymer obtained by polymerizing a cationic radical-polymerizable monomer with an anionic radical-polymerizable monomer in the presence of a polysaccharide. From the standpoint of attaining excellent formation, the component (B) preferably has a molar proportion of the cationic radical-polymerizable monomer unit to the anionic radical-polymerizable monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as Ca / An) satisfying Ca / An<1.2.

The invention discloses an application of coptisine or physiologically acceptable salt thereof in preparing medicines for preventing and curing myocardial ischemic diseases. The coptisine or the physiologically acceptable salt thereof has pharmacological actions of protecting myocardial ischemic injury as well as preventing and curing myocardial ischemic diseases, has an effect of protecting myocardial mitochondria function, and has pharmacological actions of eliminating superoxide anion radical and protecting cardiocytes from being injured by free radicals. The invention discloses a compound containing the coptisine or physiologically acceptable salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or accessory. The coptisine is a monomeric compound extracted from rhizoma coptidis and other commonly used traditional Chinese medicines or folk herbs, which has the advantages of low toxicity and wide raw material resources.

An electrode for active oxygen species, characterized in that it comprises an electroconductive member and, formed thereon, a polymer film prepared from a metal porphirin. The electrode for active oxygen species allows the determination, both in vivo and in vitro, of active oxygen species such as a superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, or OH, and other radical active species (such as NO, ONOO-), and thus can be used for specifying various diseases and for examining active oxygen species present in a food or water such as a tap water and a sewage.

The invention provides a preparation technology and method for a natural food anti-oxidant containing bamboo vinegar liquid, comprising the following steps: collecting various uncontaminated bamboo processing residues, putting the bamboo processing residues into a carbonization furnace for self-ignited continuous carbonization after crushing, and carrying out two-stage condensation so as to obtain refined bamboo vinegar liquid; carrying out two-stage distillation on the refined bamboo vinegar liquid with a temperature being 50 to 110 DEG C and degree of vacuum being over 0.09 Mpa so as to obtain a bamboo vinegar liquid product suitable for preparing a food anti-oxidant, wherein the product is a distillate which has a pure color, is almost colorless, and produces no smell of smoke; and compounding the product with tea polyphenol and quercetin so as to obtain the natural food anti-oxidant containing bamboo vinegar liquid. The obtained anti-oxidant has greatly enhanced inoxidizability and shows good performance in eliminating DPPH radicals, superoxide anion radicals and hydroxyl radicals.

The invention discloses a resveratrol analogue and a preparation method and application thereof to treatment of diseases related to aging and SIRTI enzyme activity. The resveratrol analogue disclosed by the invention has an eliminating effect on DPPH radical (DPPH.), superoxide anion radical (O2<.->), hydroxide anion radical (OH.) and nitrogen peroxide radical (OHOO.) and has excellent antioxidation activity. Some derivatives of the resveratrol analogue are SIRTI enzyme activating agents while others are excellent SIRT1 enzyme inhibitors.

A method is provided for the prevention and treatment of selective progressive degeneration within the central nervous system caused by hydroxyl-free or ferryl-free radicals formed by Fenton-type catalyzed reactions between diffusible hydrogen peroxide and localized bivalent iron. The invention embodies unique pharmacologic composition for antioxidant protection by oral supplementation with hypoxanthine conjointly with either sodium L-ascorbate or L-ascorbic acid. The hypoxanthine is provided for its sodium-dependent intestinal absorption and transport for the systemic production of higher antioxidant and iron-chelating uric acid levels. Ascorbate is provided as potent antioxidant to raise body ascorbic acid levels concurrently and to protect against possible deleterious effect from nucleobase or other molecular injury induced by oxidized uric acid as urate anion free radical caused in the antioxidant action of the uric acid. It is contemplated that such oral supplementation conjointly with hypoxanthine and L-ascorbate will support better health and will mitigate the progressive oxidative neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, Down syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.

The invention discloses a method for measuring superoxide anion radicals in tape grass leaves, belonging to the measuring field of the measuring of superoxide anion radicals. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, collecting and cleaning the tip parts of fully exposed small and tender tape grass leaves; carrying out Tiron captureing on the Tiron of radicals in a closed operation box in a closed nitrogen environment; and finally measuring by using an EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) technology. The invention has the advantages of simpler operation and easy grasping, and can measure the superoxide anion radicals of the tape grass leaves in a very short time;, find that and the measured radicals are found to be the superoxide anion radicals according to the superfine structure constant and, the spectrogram shape analysis of an EPR spectrogram and the combination of the remarkable decreases of the radical strength of the leaves pretreated by SOD (Super Oxide Dismutase), and therefore the invention is the most direct, accurate and effective method for measuring the superoxide anion radicals. Superoxide anions are sensitive to pollutants and have a favorable dosage effect relation. The invention is also suitable for other aquatic plant and terrestrial plant species and can be suitable for measuring the radicals of the plant root tissue.

A reactive oxygen species measuring device according to the present invention comprises a reactive oxygen species sensor provided with an electrode assembly capable of detecting the presence of reactive oxygen species or the like in terms of an electric current, a power source means for applying a measuring voltage to the reactive oxygen species sensor, and a reactive oxygen species concentration measuring means for measuring a concentration of the reactive oxygen species or the like from the current detected by the reactive oxygen species sensor. According to the present invention, a concentration of reactive oxygen species or the like such as in vivo or in vitro superoxide anion radical (O2−.) can be measured reliably, and the entire device can be formed in a smaller size and always mounted to a living body. In addition, the measured data can be transmitted to a remote place or location, and further, the health condition of a living body or the like determined in the remote place can be returned to a measuring place and informed, and thus, the health condition of the living body can be monitored by measuring and monitoring reactive oxygen species.

The invention discloses a cationic-emulsion-particle-toughened hydrophobic association hydrogel. The cationic-emulsion-particle-toughened hydrophobic association hydrogel is prepared from cationic emulsion particles, a hydrophobic monomer, an emulsifying agent, main monomers and deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the cationic emulsion particles to the hydrophobic monomer to the emulsifying agent to the main monomers and to the deionized water is (0.1-1.0):(0.5-1.0):3:40:100. The cationic emulsion particles are copolymerized from styrene and cationic monomers, an initiating agent is decomposed, cationic free radicals and cationic monomer chain sections are generated, and the good hydrophilia is distributed on the surfaces of microspheres; the deionized water, the main monomer, the emulsifying agent, the initiating agent, the hydrophobic monomer and the cationic emulsion particles are mixed to be even and injected into a mold and heated, and the hydrogel is obtained. The hydrophobic monomer are stabilized on the particle surfaces by a surfactant through the cationic emulsion particles to form a hydrophobic association center, anion free radicals are adsorbed through electric charges, and a hydrogel network is formed in a triggered-polymerized mode. The cationic emulsion particles have the hydrophobic association physical cross-linking and ionic cross-linking agent effects in the hydrogel, the hydrogel is reinforced, and the mechanical performance of the hydrogel is obviously improved. The breaking elongation rate is 1,780%, and the tensile strength is 1.37 MPa.

The invention provides a water-soluble polymer dispersion liquid, a paper strength agent, a papermaking filter aid and a papermaking retention agent, which may not impair the paper quality and can maintain high filteration rate and enhance paper strength. The water-soluble polymer dispersion liquid, in a saline solution, of which the salt concentration is higher than 10 weight % and lower than a saturation concentration and at the presence of a polymeric dispersant (B), is a dispersion liquid obtained by dispersion polymerization of the free radical polymeric components (a) of at least cationic free radical polymeric monomers (a1), anionic free radical polymeric monomers (a2) and (methyl) acrylamide (a4). In a water diluted dispersion liquid where the total content of the component (A) and the component (B) of the dispersion liquid is 0.2 wt.%, the minimal turbidity of the diluted dispersion liquid ranges from 10NTU to 500NTU, when the pH value is 5-8.

The invention discloses a chemical pre-lithiation method for a graphite electrode of a lithium ion battery. The chemical pre-lithiation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a lithiation reagent containing anion free radicals into monobasic ether to obtain a lithiation reagent solution with the concentration of 0.001-10 mol / L; and carrying out contact reaction on the prepared graphite negative plate of the lithium ion battery and a lithiation reagent solution for 1s to 48h, washing and drying to obtain the pre-lithiated graphite electrode. According to the invention, the free radical anion lithiation reagent with mild property is selected, and the graphite negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is chemically pre-lithiated in a relatively safe chemical environment, so that the first week efficiency of the graphite electrode is improved, and the energy density of the whole battery is further improved. The used monobasic ether solvent is compatible with the graphite negative electrode, so that the phenomenon that the electrochemical performance of the graphite negative electrode is damaged by co-embedding or stripping and the like is avoided; the solution system is high in reducibility, the lithiation process is rapid, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode is not influenced.

The invention provides a visible light-based flue gas mercury removal method and a circular spraying-type mercury removal device employing the same. A reaction liquid containing a compound catalyst Ag / AgBr<1-x>I<x>-BiOBr<1-x>I<x> (x=0.6-1) is irradiated by a visible light and then releases hydroxyl radical.OH, superoxide anion radical.O2<-> and holes h<+>; the hydroxyl radical .OH, the superoxide anion radical .O2<-> and the holes h<+> have high oxidizing property; Hg<0> in the flue gas can be oxidized into Hg<2+>, so that the Hg<0> is removed in a form of the Hg<2+>, and the target of flue gas mercury removal is achieved. The mercury removal device is a circular spraying-type mercury removal device; the mercury flue gas enters from the lower part of a reactor and flows from bottom to top; a visible light source is arranged in a central quartz glass tube at the middle part of the reactor; circular spraying pipes are circularly arranged employing the central quartz glass tube as the center; the reaction liquid is sprayed towards the central quartz glass tube from the circular spraying pipes, namely the reaction liquid is sprayed from the outside to the inside; and the flue gas from which mercury is removed is discharged from a gas outlet in the top end of the reactor.

A novel retention aid is provided, which can realizes not only high retention but also excellent paper formation and is easy to use, in various papermaking processes. A composition for improving retention is provided, which comprises (A) a cationic water-soluble polymer and (B) an amphoteric water-soluble polymer. The component (A) preferably is a copolymer having a cation equivalent of 0.05 to 4.00 meq / g or one having a 0.5% salted viscosity of 30 to 200 mPa·s. The component (B) preferably is either a copolymer comprising a cationic radical-polymerizable monomer unit, an anionic radical-polymerizable monomer unit, and a nonionic radical-polymerizable monomer unit, or an amphoteric water-soluble polymer obtained by polymerizing a cationic radical-polymerizable monomer with an anionic radical-polymerizable monomer in the presence of a polysaccharide. From the standpoint of attaining excellent formation, the component (B) preferably has a molar proportion of the cationic radical-polymerizable monomer unit to the anionic radical-polymerizable monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as Ca / An) satisfying Ca / An<1.2.

The invention provides a method for extracting dragon fruit peel polysaccharides. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: adopting a method for combining extraction with cold water of 22-28 DEG C and ethanol precipitation, adding the water of 22 to 28 DEG C into dragon fruit peel, pulping, and precipitating with ethanol; removing proteins in the crude polysaccharides by utilizing a sevage reagent, and refining the polysaccharides. In the process, the dragon fruit peel is not subjected to hot water treatment, the influence of the water temperature on the structure and activity of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharides is greatly reduced, the biological activity of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharides is remained to the greatest degree while ensuring the extraction efficiency, the ability of the polysaccharide for scavenging DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl-Hydrazyl) free radicals is 91% or higher, the ability of the polysaccharide for scavenging peroxide anion radicals is 91% or higher, and the ability of the polysaccharide for scavenging hydroxyl radicals is 86% or higher. According to the method for extracting dragon fruit peel polysaccharides provided by the invention, the yield of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharides reaches 13.88%, and the retention rate of the dragon fruit peel polysaccharides in the discoloring process is 82% or higher.

The invention provides a three-dimensional perylene type metal-organic framework material capable of stabilizing anion radicals and a using method of the metal-organic framework material for light-thermal conversion. Perylene bisimide is simply modified and can be coordinated with metals. The method is excellent in universality and simple and convenient to operate. The prepared metal-organic framework is stable in structure, stable anion radicals can be produced by virtue of a photoinduced electron transfer process, and other compounding or later modification is not needed. The radical stabilizing method has the advantages of being simple, economic and environmental-friendly. The produced anion radicals have extremely high light-thermal conversion property of 53.8%, the light-thermal conversion property is higher than that of the vast majority of infrared light-thermal conversion materials, and the anion radicals are stable in near-infrared light-thermal conversion property and can berepeatedly used. Therefore, the three-dimensional perylene type metal-organic framework near-infrared light-thermal conversion material and the method for stabilizing the anion radicals provided by the invention have potential commercial application prospects.

The present invention relates to halobios, specifically two kinds of acaleph proteins capable of antioxidant activity, its separation step is: after grinding acaleph and breaking cell, filling into phosphate buffer solution, marinating 0.5 to 2h at 2 to 6DEG C; centrifuging 10 to 30min with rotate speed 10000 to 20000rpm, taking the supernatant; marinating with phosphate buffer solution again, centrifuging 10 to 30min with rotate speed 10000 to 20000rpm; combining the two times centrifugal supernatant; separating the combined supernatant by gel filtration chromatography to obtain two kinds of acaleph proteins; they can inhibit superoxide anion radical( O2-.), hydroxyl radical (. OH) generating, prevent red blood cell hemolysis due to hydroxide peroxidation and liver lipid peroxidation; belonging to natural antioxidants, high antioxidant activity, no poison to human and livestock; the present invention uses abundant acaleph halobios resource at the same time, for low-value of the resources to provide a new path for high value development.

The device for diagnosing tissue injury of the invention has a catheter insertable into the body and a radical sensor provided in the catheter, and is characterized in that the radical sensor has a sensor electrode capable of measuring superoxide anion radicals provided at a tip end of the catheter, a lead wire connector for a sensor provided at a basal portion of the catheter, and a lead wire for a sensor for connecting the sensor electrode portion to the lead wire connector for a sensor. With the device, in vivo free radicals typified by superoxide anions in systemic organ or tissue injury caused by cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, severe infection or sepsis can be promptly and quantitatively monitored, and whether the in vivo tissue conditions are good or not can be accurately diagnosed.

The invention relates to a method for preparing antioxidant active fungus extracts. The method comprises the following steps of: adding papain or neutral protease or pectinase into mycelium according to a weight ratio of 1%, and adding distilled water for homogenate according to the proportion of a weight ratio of 1:10; after enzymolysis for 2 hours at the temperature of 45-50 DEG C and under the pH of 4.5-7.5, directly putting enzymolysis mixed liquor into water bath of 100 DEG C to be extracted for 2 hours, and collecting supernate in a centrifugation mode; after the supernate is concentrated, adding three times of volume of edible alcohol for precipitating for 24 hours at the temperature of 4 DEG C, and collecting sediments in a centrifugation mode; and after the sediments are frozen and dried by vacuum, obtaining freeze-dried powder of alcohol insoluble extracts with antioxidant activity. Compared with a hot water extraction method, the method for preparing antioxidant active fungus extracts has the advantages that the yield of alcohol insoluble extracts of the fungus mycelium can be increased by 10.0-74.1%, the total antioxidant activity of the extracts can be increased by 9.8-78.4%, the scavenging activity of superoxide anion radical can be increased by 48.5-192.2%, and moreover the operation time is obviously shortened and the energy consumption is reduced. The invention is a simple, high-yield and low-consumption method for preparing high antioxidant active fungus alcohol insoluble extracts.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an organic micro / nano structure by a liquid phase chemical reaction method and patterning in situ. The invention adopts the main scheme that: anion radical salt of organic molecules is prepared by a reduction method; and the anion radical salt of the organic molecules is oxidized into the original substance with a certain structure by an oxidation method. The method has wide prospect for application of organic nano materials, in particular N-type functional molecules to integrated circuits, solar batteries, sensors, information storage and integrated photonics.

The invention relates to an application of quercetin dimer flavone for preparing anti-oxidation medicines, in particular to an application of a quercetin dimmer flavonoid compound for preparing medicines for preventing and curing senile dementia or gout disease. Pharmacodynamic tests prove that the compound has the effects of powerfully eliminating superoxide anion radicals and resisting PC12 cell damage caused by radicals, namely, having anti-oxidation damage protection to the PC12 cells which imitate brain nerve cells, thus being expected to develop into the medicines for protecting brain nerve and preventing and curing the senile dementia caused by radical damage. Moreover, the compound has the activity of inhibiting xanthine oxidase efficiently, thus being expected to develop into the medicines for curing the gout disease.

An electrode for superoxide anion characterized by comprising a conductive member and, superimposed on a surface thereof, a film resulting from electrolytic polymerization of a metal thiofurylporphyrin / axial ligand complex; and a sensor for measuring superoxide anion concentration, including the same. This electrode for superoxide anion, by virtue of not only the excellent performance of electrode provided with the metal porphyrin complex polymer film but also the presence of axial ligand, can prevent poisoning by poisoning substances such as hydrogen peroxide. Accordingly, in any of in-vitro and in-vivo environments, this electrode for superoxide anion enables detection of superoxide anion radicals without suffering any influence from poisoning substances such as hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the quantitative assay of superoxide anions can be performed by the use of this electrode for superoxide anion in combination with a counter electrode or reference electrode. Thus, this electrode for superoxide anion can find wide applicability in various fields.

The invention provides a new method for dissolving lignin by ionic liquid containing sulfonic acid anion radicals. The new method comprises the following steps of dissolving lignin in biomass raw materials and lignin being subjected to other industrial treatments in the ionic liquid containing the sulfonic acid anion radicals, performing refining and recycling the ionic liquid. Compared with systems of conventional organic solvents and the like, the method has the advantages that the lignin is safe and non-toxic, requirements for experimental equipment are low, the lignin is quickly and effectively dissolved, and the ionic liquid can be recycled.