The application provides a negative pressure suction adaptive dust removal
system, which specifically comprises a gravity dust remover, a
cyclone dust removal device, an air cooler, a bag dust remover, a centrifugal multi-stage induced draft fan and a
control system; the gravity dust remover removes larger particles in ash gas by using gravity to achieve primary dust removal; the
cyclone dust removal device is connected with the gravity dust remover through a pipeline and removes the ash gas by using
centrifugal force to achieve secondary dust removal; the air cooler cools high-temperature gas discharged from the
cyclone dust removal device to avoid burning the bag in the subsequent process; the bag dust remover realizes third-stage dust removal through the filtering effect of the bag to make the ash gas meet the
emission standard; the centrifugal multi-stage induced draft fan is arranged at the end of the
system to generate negative pressure to drive the flow of the ash gas; the
control system monitors the running state of the
system in real time through a temperature sensor, a
pressure sensor and a level meter and sends out an alarm or performs adaptive dust removal; and the application realizes efficient dust removal of the ash gas and real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment of the dust removal process.