The invention provides a biological purification method for removing aluminum impurities in a solution by using
penicillium fermentation liquor, which is particularly applied to a
rare earth leaching solution. The aluminum-resistant
penicillium is enriched and screened from
rare earth mining area soil,
fermentation liquor is prepared and mixed with a
rare earth leaching solution according to a certain liquid-
liquid ratio to react, aluminum is promoted to be removed from the leaching solution in the forms of complexing / precipitating / adsorbing and the like within 5 hours under the mild conditions of 25-32 DEG C and pH of 3.4-5.5, and meanwhile it is guaranteed that the loss of rare earth elements is smaller than 5%. Organic acids such as
oxalic acid and
citric acid and
extracellular metabolites generated in the
fermentation liquor can be subjected to complexation, adsorption or
precipitation reaction with Al < 3 + >, so that the aluminum impurities are efficiently removed. The biological purification method for removing the aluminum impurities in the solution by using the
penicillium fermentation liquor is simple and convenient to operate, does not need a large number of chemical precipitators, is suitable for removing and purifying the aluminum impurities in the rare earth
hydrometallurgy process, and has remarkable economic and environmental benefits.