196 results about "Hydrothermal circulation" patented technology

The invention relates to a treatment method of sludge generated by urban sewage treatment plant and industrial sludge and discloses a sludge treatment method based on hydrothermal carbonization. The sludge treatment method comprises four steps: sludge preheating treatment, hydrothermal carbonization, waste heat recovery and dehydration desiccation. By adopting the sludge treatment method, as the sludge is converted to hydrothermal carbon by adopting a hydrothermal carbonization technology, pathogenic microorganisms in the sludge are completely killed, most heavy metal pollutants in the sludge are dissolved out, and organic toxic substances in the sludge are effectively decomposed, so that the energy recovery utilization rate is high, and the sludge treatment method is clean, environment-friendly, rapid and effective and has high product additional values.

A process for preparing the crystal phase controllable TiO2 nanocrystals includes such steps as hydrolyzing the Ti-cotnained compound in the aqueous solution of alcohol to obtain amorphous TiO2 powder, adding inorganic acid, hydrothermal treating, filtering, washing and drying. Its resultant TiO2 nanocrystal has the continuously regulatable ratio of anatase phase to rutile phase.

The invention provides a method for treating high-salt water by air stripping type membrane distillation. In the method, an air compressor is arranged in the system, a hydrothermal circulation pump and the air compressor jointly generate a gas-liquid two phase flow on a high-temperature side of a hydrophobic membrane, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on an air pipe, and pulse air intake is formed by the intermittent opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve. The method can effectively control membrane pollution and ensures the stable and high-efficiency operation of a membrane distillation device. The method has the main advantages of effectively relieving the concentration polarization of membrane distillation and preventing the formation of a gel layer due to the scraping effect of air bubbles on membrane surfaces in the gas-liquid two phase flow, and improving the turbulence scale of the membrane surfaces, increasing the membrane surface flow rate, reducing the concentration of membrane surface salt solution and increasing membrane permeation flux due to the adoption of pulse air intake. Air passing through a membrane component can be used for cooling membrane distillation penetrating fluid. The method of the invention can treat salt water with an extremely high concentration.

The invention provides a method for preparing multi-element microporous mineral fertilizer from silicate rocks through a hydrothermal chemical reaction. The method is characterized in that the hydrothermal chemical reaction is carried out in a semi-wet state after the silicate rocks and fine powder of an alkali soil excitant and an activator, thereby wholly converting minerals in the silicate rocks into effective forms which can be absorbed by plant with high efficiency (65 to 85 percent); and the fertilizer has unique microporous structures and becomes the multi-element microporous mineral fertilizer.

The invention relates to a municipal solid waste reduction, energy regeneration and recycling method, and discloses a domestic waste comprehensive treatment method based on anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization. The domestic waste comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps: slurry treatment, anaerobic digestion, hydrothermal carbonization, dewatering and drying. The domestic waste and kitchen waste are subjected to reduction, energy regeneration and recycling treatment, so that the domestic waste comprehensive treatment method is high in resource recycling degree, low in operation cost, clean and environment-friendly, and can ensure that pathogenic microorganisms in the wastes are completely killed, so that repugnant substances are converted and decomposed, and the domestic waste comprehensive treatment method has good economic value and social value.

The present invention relates to a hydro thermal carbonization process for the preparation of coal-like material using biomass. The process comprises a step (i) of heating a reaction mixture comprising water and biomass to obtain a reaction mixture comprising activated biomass; and a step (ii) of adding a polymerization initiator to the reaction mixture obtained in step (i) to polymerize the activated biomass and to obtain a reaction mixture comprising coal-like material. The process is beneficial in terms of product control, and process engineering.

An anticrossion treating process for the metal surface includes such steps as preparing ultrafine (nano-class) TiO2 sol by adding EAcAC and tetrabutyl titanate to alcohol and dropping water, preparing a decorative nano TiO2 film layer on the metal surface by pull method, hydrothermal treating, and fluorosilalkylating to obtain a hydrophobic film. Its advantages are high anticorrosion effect and easy control.

A preparation method for a Cu(I)-Y molecular sieve absorption desulfurizer comprises the following steps of: mixing a Y type molecular sieve with Cu2+ aqueous solution, carrying out ion exchange under a hydrothermal condition of between 100 and 200 DEG C for 3-18 hours, and then carrying out washing, filtering, drying and calcination in the inert atmosphere or the vacuum. The method can shorten ion exchange time, improve ion exchange rate, and improve the absorption desulfurization capability of the absorbent.

The invention discloses a method for preparing carbon microspheres through hydrothermal carbonization of a biomass. The method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing camellia seed husk powder which serves as a raw material and deionized water, treating the mixture ultrasonically, transferring the treated mixture into a stainless steel reactor, introducing an inert gas into the stainless steel reactor to remove oxygen, putting the stainless steel reactor into an air blowing drying box, carrying out reaction at a constant temperature, cooling the product of reaction to room temperature, pouring out the upper-layer liquid, tanking out the solid, clearing the solid ultrasonically with deionized water and ethanol in sequence until the washing liquid is colorless, extracting with ultrasonic waves and microwaves in the solution of ethanol in water, filtering the mixture in vacuum, and drying in a vacuum drying box to obtain the carbon microspheres. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the raw material for preparing the carbon microspheres is a biomass waste which is wide in source and low in cost, the process of preparing the carbon microspheres is simple and is friendly to environment, no poisonous and harmful reagents are adopted in the whole preparation process, and the prepared poisonous carbon microspheres are uniform in size and can be used conveniently. In addition, the method is low in production cost and can realize large-scale production.

The invention relates to a batch preparation method of a porous carbon nitride material under assistance of organic carboxylic acid. A hydrothermal-calcination two-step method is adopted, firstly organic carboxylic acid and melamine are uniformly mixed, then reaction is carried out under hydrothermal condition to obtain a porous carbon nitrogen hydrothermal precursor, and the hydrothermal precursor is calcined to obtain the porous carbon nitride material. By changing kind of the organic carboxylic acid and experimental conditions, controllable preparation of several kinds of porous carbon nitride materials with different structures, morphologies and specific surface areas can be realized. The batch preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that raw materials are available, cost is low, a synthesis process is simple, operation is easy, repeatability is good, and mass preparation can be realized; and the prepared porous carbon nitride material has efficient organic pollutant adsorption degradation capacity and has a broad application prospect in the fields of treatment of environmental pollutants, hydrogen production through photocatalysis, drug loading and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing biological activated carbon by hydrothermal carbonization of algae residue/algae sludge.The method includes the following steps: (1) mixing the algae residue/algae sludge with water prior to putting the mixture into a reaction kettle, performing heating reaction under the pressure less than 6 MPa and at the temperature of 160-220 DEG C for 2-20 hours, and naturally cooling to the room temperature; (2) subjecting a hydrothermal product obtained in the step (1) to filtration or centrifugal separation to obtain solid, and washing the solid; (3) drying the product obtained after washing in the step (2) at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C to obtain the biological activated carbon.Plenty of algae residue can be disposed highly efficiently as well as be utilized to turn waste into treasure; harm brought by the algae residue and algae toxins is reduced, and high efficiency and environmental friendliness are realized.

A method for oxidizing organic matter contained in an aqueous effluent and an installation for implementing the method. The method comprises the following steps: injecting into a tubular body the aqueous effluent; bringing the aqueous effluent to a pressure P1, corresponding to the critical pressure of the aqueous effluent; bringing the aqueous effluent to a temperature T1; and injecting into the tubular body at n points spaced apart from one another, n fractions of at least an oxidizing composition, so that a portion of the thermal energy produced by the oxidation reaction increases the temperature of the reaction mixture from said temperature T1 to temperature T2>T1 according to an increasing curve, whereby the organic matter is oxidized, the reaction mixture continuously developing from a sub-critical liquid state to the supercritical domain.

The present invention is to tackle the volume expansion problem of the Si anode materials in the application of lithium ion batteries. In the present invention, a simple and green hydrothermal method is use to form loosely packed Si@C core/shell structure. A carbon coating layer is formed on controllably aggregated silicon nanoparticles in a one-step procedure by the hydrothermal carbonization of a carbon-rich precursor.

The invention discloses a method for preparing formic acid through hydrothermal reduction of CO2 by carbohydrate biomass and relates to a process that the CO2 is reduced into the formic acid by utilizing the carbohydrate biomass and the carbohydrate biomass is converted into lactic acid, acetic acid, the formic acid and other chemical raw materials with high added value. The process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the CO2, water, alkali and the carbohydrate biomass; secondly, reacting for 20 to 300 minutes under the condition that the temperature is between 150 and 400 DEG C, the pressure is between 2 and 25MPa and pH value is between 6 and 13, wherein the CO2 is reduced into the formic acid by the carbohydrate biomass and the carbohydrate biomass is also converted into the lactic acid, the acetic acid, the formic acid and the like; and finally, performing decompression, distillation and separation according to different boiling points of the formic acid, the acetic acid and the lactic acid to obtain the formic acid, the acetic acid and the lactic acid. The method realizes the CO2 recycling and the carbohydrate biomass recycling; and as a reducing agent for reducing the CO2 is renewable resource of the carbohydrate biomass which is obtained through photosynthesis of the CO2 and H2O, the method indirectly utilizes solar energy.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a ZSM-48 molecular sieve. The preparation method comprises dissolving an organic base, an aluminum source and a structure-directing agent (R) shown in the formula (I) in water, mixing uniformly the materials, wherein in the formula (I), n represents 4 to 7, adding a silicon source into the mixed solution, carrying out uniform mixing, wherein in the reactants, a molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 is 10 to 50, a molar ratio of BA/SiO2 is 0.1 to 2.0, a molar ratio of H2O/SiO2 is 5 to 50, a molar ratio of R/SiO2 is 0.05 to 0.5, a molar ratio of M2O/SiO2 is 0.05 to 0.3, M2O represents an alkali metal oxide and BA represents an organic base, carrying out hydrothermal crystallization on the reactants at a temperature of 80-140 DEG C for 1-5 days, heating the product to a temperature of 150-250 DEG C, carrying out hydrothermal crystallization for 5-14 days, collecting a solid product and drying the product. The molecular sieve contains nanoscale rod-like grains and has good catalytic performances.

The invention provides a method for utilizing hydrothermal carbonization for preparing biomass barbecuing charcoal. The method is characterized by comprising the following step one of hydrothermal carbonization reaction, wherein a biomass raw material is any one of wood flour, cotton stalks, rice hulls and coconut shells, the biomass raw material and water are placed into a reaction vessel according to the mass ratio of 1: (4-12), inert gas is introduced, the hydrothermal carbonization reaction is carried out on the anoxic condition, reaction temperature ranges from 250 DEG C to 450 DEG C, reaction pressure ranges from 4 Mpa to 5 Mpa, and reaction time ranges from 20 min to 40 min, so that carbonized biomass mixed liquid is obtained; the step two of solid and liquid separation, wherein the carbonized mixed liquid is separated by utilizing a filtering device for obtaining a carbonized substance; the step three of crushing and screening, wherein the carbonized substance is crushed and screened to obtain charcoal particles with the particle size smaller than 0.5 mm; the step four of compressing and forming, wherein the carbonized substance is formed in a hot-pressed mode, so that the biomass barbecuing charcoal is obtained.

The invention discloses a method for preparing large-size analcite by utilizing hydrothermal crystallization of geopolymer. The method comprises a step of preparing large-size analcite in a hydrothermal kettle by using chemical synthetic aluminum silicate powder body as a solid raw material and using sodium water glass as an exciting agent. According to the method, the characteristic that the geopolymer is easily formed is utilized, and a large-size analcite block material or a powder material can be prepared at one time in situ. The analcite crystal synthetized by using the method has the characteristic of large size, the diameter can be controlled to be in the range of 20-150 microns, and the large-size analcite has the application prospect in the field of wastewater treatment, catalysis and optics; compared with a traditional preparation method of the analcite, the method is easy to operate, low in cost and suitable for scale preparation.

The invention provides a method for treating kitchen wastes by hydrothermal carbonization coupled anaerobic digestion. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out a hydrothermal carbonization reaction on crushed kitchen wastes, separating the hydrothermal carbonization reaction product to obtain a hydrothermal solution and a solid product, and drying the solid product to obtain hydrothermal carbon; and (2) carrying out anaerobic digestion treatment on the hydrothermal carbon and the hydrothermal solution obtained in the step (1) or a mixture of the hydrothermal carbon and the hydrothermal solution. According to the method for treating kitchen wastes by hydrothermal carbonization coupled anaerobic digestion, provided by the invention, a hydrothermal carbonization technology and an anaerobic digestion technology are coupled to treat the kitchen wastes, so that the recycle, harmlessness and reduction of the kitchen wastes can be realized.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing a high-performance porous carbon material from organic solid wastes through nitrogen-doping hydrothermal operation and activation. The method comprises the following steps: by taking coconut shells, orange peel, cigarette ends and saw dust as organic solid wastes, organic nitrogen sources such as melamine, urea and dicyandiamide as hydrothermal nitrogen doping agents, preparing nitrogen-doping hydrothermal charcoal by using an organic solid waste hydrothermal process nitrogen source synchronous doping method; further by taking thenitrogen-doping hydrothermal charcoal as a precursor, performing solid-phase mixing on the precursor with an activator of potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide, further performing activation treatment so as to obtain a porous carbon material which is rich in micropore and mesoporous structure and has a specific surface area as high as 1526-3365m<2>/g. Meanwhile, the carbon material has an excellent methylbenzene adsorption and iodine adsorption capability. The method is simple in process, easy in condition control and good in practicability, has considerable application prospects in the field of pollutant adsorption treatment and has good economic benefits and social benefits.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a two-dimensional layered MoS2 nano-film of an asymmetric orthorhombic structure under a hydrothermal condition, and belongs to the field of novel micro/nano-material preparation. Ammonium molybdate, thiourea, N-methylpyrrolidone and water are mixed in a certain proportion, and the micron-dimension or even wafer-size MoS2 nano-film of the asymmetric structure is formed under the hydrothermal condition. The nano-film is formed by laterally-stacked nano-layers and vertically-arranged nano-sheets in an orthorhombic mode. The method is simple, and an important preparation method is provided for developing low-cost and high-effect molybdenum disulfide photoelectric devices.

The invention relates to the technical field of treatment methods of municipal sludge and industrial sludge, and discloses a sludge comprehensive treatment method based on anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization. The sludge comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps: 1, pumping liquid sludge in a heat exchanger for heating, and conveying in an anaerobic digestion tank for performing anaerobic digestion treatment to obtain digestive sludge and methane; 2, conveying the digestive sludge to a sludge preheating tank for preheating treatment after mechanical dehydration treatment; 3, injecting the digestive sludge in a hydrothermal carbonization tank, and performing hydrothermal carbonization treatment to obtain a material 1; and 4, conveying the material 1 to a reduced-pressure flash tank for reduced-pressure flash treatment to obtain a material 2; and 5, performing mechanical dehydration treatment on the material 2 to obtain semi-dry hydrothermal carbon. According to the sludge comprehensive treatment method, two technologies of anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization are integrated for treating sludge, and a process is optimized from the point of material and energy balance, a biogas energy is generated while sludge reduction is realized, the running cost of the process is reduced, the digestive sludge is treated by adopting the hydrothermal carbonization, and is converted into a hydrothermal carbon product while bacteria in the sludge are killed, and the generated hydrothermal carbon can be returned to the field for recycling, and is clean and environment-friendly.

The invention relates to a hydrothermal preparation method for nanometer NbO2F powder and relates to a preparation method for a niobium oxyfluoride nanometer material. According to the hydrothermal preparation method, the hydrothermal technology is used for preparing the nanometer NbO2F powder with the main raw materials of Nb2O5 powder, hydrofluoric acid with the concentration, by mass, of 20% and polyving akohol, wherein the mean grain size of the grains of the nanometer NbO2F powder ranges from 50 nm to 80 nm, the band gap of the nanometer NbO2F powder is 3.35 eV, and the nanometer NbO2F powder has the good photocatalytic activity. The hydrothermal preparation method comprises the two steps of preparing a reaction precursor and preparing nanometer powder under the hydrothermal condition. By means of the hydrothermal preparation method for the nanometer NbO2F powder, the technological cost is low, energy is saved, environmental friendliness is achieved, and industrial production is easy.

The invention relates to a small grain SAPO-34 molecular sieve preparation method, wherein the problem of large SAPO-34 molecular sieve grains obtained through the existing synthesis method in the prior art is mainly solved with the present invention. According to the technical scheme, the preparation method comprises: a) preparing a phosphorus source, an aluminum source, a silicon source, a template agent and water into a crystallization solution; b) carrying out stirring aging on the crystallization solution for 1-24 h at a temperature T1 of 20-100 DEG C; c) carrying out hydrothermal crystallization on the aged crystallization solution for 1-20 h at a temperature T2 of 180-250 DEG C; d) carrying out programmed cooling until a temperature T3 is room temperature-160 DEG C, and maintaining the temperature for at least 0.1 h; and e) carrying out programmed heating until a temperature T4 is 180-250 DEG C, and carrying out hydrothermal crystallization for 2-24 h to obtain the molecular sieve product. With the technical scheme, the problem is well solved, and the preparation method can be used for industrial production of small grain SAPO-34 molecular sieve preparation.