52 results about "Oxide ion" patented technology

To improve cell performance.SOLUTION: An electrochemical cell comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer. The solid electrolyte layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and has oxide ion conductivity. The first electrode layer includes an electron conductive material, and a first material including, as a main component, a first element having a smaller electronegativity than that of zirconium.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Provided is, for example, a lubricant for filtration which has a surface tension of 60-75 mN / m and which contains onium ions. Also provided are a composition for polishing which contains onium ions and hypohalous acid ions, a metal recovery agent which contains onium ions coordinated to metal oxide ions or metal hydroxide ions, and the like.

An electrochemical cell (10) is obtained by laminating an air electrode (12), a solid electrolyte layer (11) containing a solid electrolyte, and a fuel electrode (13) in the stated order. An intermediate layer (17) is provided between the air electrode (12) and the solid electrolyte layer (11) and / or between the fuel electrode (13) and the solid electrolyte layer (11). The solid electrolyte layer (11) has a main phase composed of an oxide ion conductor. At least one of the intermediate layers (17) includes a first component constituted of cerium oxide containing a rare earth element other than cerium, and a second component constituted of an oxide ion conductor different from the first component. The substance amount of zirconium in the intermediate layer (17) is 10 mol% or less based on total substance amount of all metal elements in the intermediate layer (17).

The invention relates to an ammonia electrolysis hydrogen production system. An anode chamber and a cathode chamber are communicated through an electrolyte diaphragm to jointly form a closed electrolytic bath system; the bottom of the anode is immersed in the anolyte of the anode chamber to generate ammoxidation reaction to generate nitrogen, the anolyte is a mixed alkaline solution of an alkaline solution and ammonia water, and the bottom of the cathode is immersed in the catholyte of the cathode chamber to generate hydrogen evolution reaction to generate hydrogen; the cathode electrolyte is a mixed alkaline solution of an alkaline solution and ammonia water, the anode and the cathode are electrically connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of an external power supply respectively, and the electrolyte diaphragm is a porous diaphragm and is used for physically isolating nitrogen generated by the anode from hydrogen generated by the cathode and allowing hydroxyl ions generated by the cathode to migrate to the anode, so that charge balance of the cathode and the anode is realized. The invention further relates to a hydrogen production method based on the electrolytic ammonia hydrogen production system. According to the method, low-energy-consumption, low-cost and high-stability green hydrogen preparation is realized, and key technical support is provided for promoting large-scale and commercialized development of the green hydrogen industry.

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoelectric chemical conversion, and particularly relates to a thermal electromotive force-improved charging-free thermal regeneration electrochemical cycle battery based on thermosensitive crystallization and a using method of the thermal electromotive force-improved charging-free thermal regeneration electrochemical cycle battery based on thermosensitive crystallization. The thermal electromotive force-improved charging-free thermal regeneration electrochemical cycle battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a positive electrode electrolyte, a negative electrode electrolyte and a cation exchange membrane, the electrode potentials in the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are equal at an intermediate temperature, the battery voltage is 0V, the positive electrode electrolyte and / or the negative electrode electrolyte also contain an additive for inducing thermosensitive crystallization of oxidizing ions or reducing ions in the electrolyte, and the additive induces the oxidizing ions or reducing ions to be dissolved at a first temperature and crystallized at a second temperature, the thermoelectric force of the battery is improved through the thermosensitive crystallization process. The thermal regeneration electrochemical cycle battery provided by the invention does not need electric power assistance, and can discharge at both high temperature and low temperature; the thermal electromotive force of the battery based on the thermosensitive crystallization effect is relatively high, so that the working voltage, the capacity and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery are improved, and efficient recovery and conversion of low-grade heat are realized.

A solid electrolyte assembly includes a substrate, a solid electrolyte, and a first electrode and a second electrode. The solid electrolyte has oxide ion conductivity, and the first electrode is located under the solid electrolyte and contains a porous material. The first electrode has only one oxygen diffusion path that is formed overlapping the substrate and the solid electrolyte. When Sr represents the smallest cross-sectional area that is a cross-sectional area of the oxygen diffusion path at a location where the area of a cross section of the first electrode taken perpendicularly to an oxygen diffusing direction is smallest in a portion of the oxygen diffusion path where the oxygen diffusion path overlaps the substrate and the solid electrolyte in a plan view of the solid electrolyte assembly, and Sp represents the area of a region where the first electrode and the second electrode overlap each other in a plan view of the solid electrolyte, Sr / Sp is from 1×10−7 to 6.9×10−4.

To provide a solid oxide fuel cell that can control the reactivity of the power generation reaction and achieve a uniform power generation distribution within the cell surface. [Solution] A solid oxide fuel cell having an electrolyte layer 20 having ionic conductivity that allows oxide ions to pass through, an anode layer 22A provided on one side of the electrolyte layer 20, and a cathode layer provided on the other side of the electrolyte layer 20. The anode layer 22A includes an electron conduction phase 32 that conducts electrons, an ion conduction phase 34 that conducts ions, and a void phase 36 that diffuses fuel gas. The electron conduction phase 32, the ion conduction phase 34, and the void phase 36 constitute an anode three-phase interface 38 at the point where these three phases are in contact. The density of the anode three-phase interface 38 at the downstream portion of the anode layer 22A located downstream in the direction of fuel gas flow is greater than the density of the anode three-phase interface 38 at the upstream portion of the anode layer 22A located upstream in the direction of fuel gas flow.

The present application proposes a refrigerator, which includes a cabinet, a cabinet door for opening or closing the cabinet, an image acquisition device for acquiring images for identifying whether a user adds or subtracts food into the cabinet, a door closing detection component for detecting the switch state of the cabinet, a cleaning device for removing bacteria in the cabinet, and a controller for controlling the actions of various components of the refrigerator. The cleaning device further includes a shell, a positive and negative ion generating unit, and a strong oxidizing ion generating unit. After receiving a door closing signal emitted by the door closing detection component, the image acquired by the image acquisition device is received and it is determined whether food is added to the food storage area based on the image. When food is added to the food storage area, it is determined that the type of bacteria newly introduced into the cabinet at this time is attached bacteria, and the strong oxidizing ion generating unit is turned on. When food is added or subtracted in the food storage area, it is determined that the type of bacteria newly introduced into the cabinet at this time is floating bacteria, and the positive and negative ion generating unit is turned on.

To provide a novel composite material including a perovskite type nanoparticle by using a matrix of a material replacing an organic polymer.SOLUTION: A composite material of the present invention is a composite material which includes a perovskite type nanoparticle having a composition represented by general formula ABX3 and a ligand in a laminar oxide structure derived from a laminar oxide. A composite material of the present invention is obtained by forming a laminar oxide with at least some of metal ions in the laminar oxide ion-exchanged with cations B, followed by mixing the laminar oxide and a supply source of monovalent cations A and monovalent anions X, and a supply source of ligands in an organic solvent.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

This invention discloses a Ga-Mn dual-doped pyrochlore-type La₂Zr₂O₇ low-temperature ceramic electrolyte and a fuel cell. The low-temperature ceramic electrolyte has a single-phase pyrochlore structure and the chemical formula La. 2‑ x Ga x Zr 2‑x Mn x O 7‑δ Where 0.2≤x≤0.6; Ga is Ga 3+ The form replaces part of the La bit, Mn with Mn 2+ / Mn 3+ / Mn 4+ By substituting some Zr sites, co-doping induces oxygen vacancy enrichment and modulates local charge distribution, thereby promoting oxide ion transport. The optimized composition of this invention, La... 1.6 Ga 0.4 Zr 1.6 Mn 0.4 O 7‑δ The ionic conductivity reaches 0.28 S·cm at 550 °C. ‑1 The activation energy was reduced to 0.678 eV; a single cell constructed using this electrolyte achieved 1171 mW·cm⁻¹ at 550 °C. ‑2 The peak power density is reduced to 0.37 Ω; the present invention realizes rapid oxide ion transport of La2Zr2O7-based electrolyte under medium and low temperature conditions, which can be used in high-performance solid oxide fuel cells.

A carbon dioxide sensor includes: a solid electrolyte layer that is anion conductive; a reference electrode disposed on one surface of the solid electrolyte layer; and a detection electrode disposed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte layer. The detection electrode is made of a mixture containing: (a) one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Os, and Ir; (b) a cation conductive carbonate; and (c) an oxide containing Li and at least one of Ce and Sm. The solid electrolyte layer is preferably oxide ion conductive, and the cation conductive carbonate is preferably lithium ion conductive.

The carbon dioxide sensor comprises a solid electrolyte layer having anion conductivity, a reference electrode disposed on one side of the solid electrolyte layer, and a detection electrode disposed on the other side of the solid electrolyte layer. The detection electrode is composed of a mixture of the following components: (a) one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Os and Ir, (b) cation-conducting carbonate, and (c) an oxide containing at least one of Ce and Sm and Li. It is suitable that the solid electrolyte layer has oxide ion conductivity and the cation-conducting carbonate has lithium ion conductivity.

An electrochemical cell includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer. The solid electrolyte layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and has oxide ion conductivity. The first electrode layer includes an electron conductive material and a first material containing, as a main component, a first element having an electronegativity smaller than that of zirconium.

The invention discloses a grid printing method and a marking machine. The method comprises the steps that a marking machine outputs a positive electrode to a marking head through a first wiring terminal and outputs a negative electrode through a second wiring terminal within a first time period, under the condition that the positive electrode is output through the first wiring terminal, the marking head serves as a cathode, a workpiece to be printed serves as an anode, metal electric ions move to the marking head serving as the cathode and are oxidized, and the marking head serves as the cathode; generating metal oxide ions; the marking machine outputs a negative electrode to the marking head through the first wiring terminal and outputs a positive electrode through the second wiring terminal within the second time period, under the condition that the negative electrode is output through the first wiring terminal, the marking head serves as an anode, the to-be-printed workpiece serves as a cathode, metal oxidation ions move to the to-be-printed workpiece serving as the anode, and the to-be-printed workpiece serves as the cathode; and curing on the surface of the workpiece to be printed. The technical problem that in the existing grid printing process, pits or scratches are left on the surface of a plate, and therefore the surface roughness of the plate is changed is solved.

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery positive electrode layered oxide with an edge-surface shared layered structure and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery positive electrode materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a layered oxide precursor containing sodium or potassium through high-temperature calcination, immersing the layered oxide precursor containing sodium or potassium into a solution containing lithium salt, and adding a nano layered oxide ion exchange auxiliary agent for liquid-phase ion exchange. In the ion exchange process, the nano layered oxide is adsorbed on the surface of the precursor, so that the reaction activation energy is reduced, and the uniformity and consistency of the exchange process are improved. And filtering, washing and drying to finally obtain the prismatic surface shared layered structure. The method comprises the steps of high-temperature calcination and ion exchange, and specifically provides raw materials and operation conditions. The prepared material has a laminated structure shared by prism surfaces of the lithium oxide octahedron and the cobalt oxide octahedron, is uniform in particles, controllable in particle size, high in material capacity and excellent in cycle performance, and can be widely applied to the electronic product and power automobile market.

Herein discussed is a method of carbon capture comprising providing a reactor having an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte between and in contact with the anode and the cathode, wherein the electrolyte conducts oxide ions and electrons; introducing a carbonaceous gas to the anode; introducing steam and hydrogen (H2) or carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) to the cathode, wherein steam or CO2 is the dominant component; producing carbon dioxide (CO2) at the anode, wherein the CO2 partial pressure is greater than 18 kPa in the anode exhaust; and producing H2 or CO or both at the cathode. In an embodiment, the anode exhaust has a pressure of from 1 atm to 5 atm. In an embodiment, the CO2 content in the anode exhaust is from 20vol% to 100vol%.

A method is disclosed for making a high-silica zeolite having an FAU framework structure. The method includes: (1) preparing a reaction mixture comprising: (a) a source of silica; (b) a source of alumina; (c) a source of an alkali or alkaline earth metal cation; (d) an organic structure directing agent containing at least one cation selected from a 1,2-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbenzyl) imidazolium cation, a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, and a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation; (e) a source of hydroxide ions; and (f) water; (2) heating the reaction mixture under crystallization conditions including a temperature of from 80° C. to 200° C. for a time sufficient to form crystals of the high-silica zeolite; and (3) recovering at least a portion of the high-silica zeolite from step (2).

An oxide ion-conducting solid electrolyte containing a mayenite-type compound having a representative composition represented by Ca12Al14O33, and 9 mol % to 30 mol % of titanium (Ti) in terms of TiO2.

A solid electrolyte assembly includes a substrate, a solid electrolyte, and a first electrode and a second electrode. The solid electrolyte has oxide ion conductivity, and the first electrode is located under the solid electrolyte and contains a porous material. The first electrode has only one oxygen diffusion path that is formed overlapping the substrate and the solid electrolyte. When Sr represents the smallest cross-sectional area that is a cross-sectional area of the oxygen diffusion path at a location where the area of a cross section of the first electrode taken perpendicularly to an oxygen diffusing direction is smallest in a portion of the oxygen diffusion path where the oxygen diffusion path overlaps the substrate and the solid electrolyte in a plan view of the solid electrolyte assembly, and Sp represents the area of a region where the first electrode and the second electrode overlap each other in a plan view of the solid electrolyte, Sr / Sp is from 1×10-7 to 6.9×10-4.

An electrolytic cell includes a liquid metal cathode, an anode, and a molten salt electrolyte in contact with the liquid metal cathode and the anode. The molten salt electrolyte includes carbonate ions, and the electrolytic cell is configured to reduce the carbonate ions at the surface of the cathode or in the vicinity of the cathode to yield a carbon material and oxide ions. Producing a carbon material in the electrolytic cell includes providing carbonate ions to the electrolytic cell, reducing the carbonate ions at the liquid metal cathode to yield the carbon material, and removing the carbon material from the electrolytic cell.

An electrode suitable for the oxygen evolution reaction of water electrolysis under alkaline conditions, comprising a ceramic material having a stability factor (SF) between 1.67 < SF < 2.8, calculated by formula (II), wherein r o represents the ionic radius of the oxide ion (O 2‑ ), r B,av represents the weighted average ionic radius of the transition metal, n A,Av represents the weighted average oxidation state of the rare earth metal or alkaline earth metal, r A,av represents the weighted average ionic radius of the rare earth metal or alkaline earth metal. The invention further relates to an alkaline electrolysis stack comprising at least one such electrode, and a method for water electrolysis using the alkaline electrolysis stack.

An electrode capable of preventing Ni from being re-oxidized and reduced and thereby having improved initial characteristics and durability is provided. The electrode includes a cermet layer containing Ni-containing particles and an Nb compound. The Nb compound may cover at least parts of surfaces of the Ni-containing particles. The ratio of the mass of Nb contained in the Nb compound to the mass of Ni contained in Ni-containing particles may be 0.2 to 3.0 mass %. La may be contained in the Nb compound. The cermet layer may contain electrolyte particles having oxide ion conductivity or both oxide ion and electron conductivities.

A carbon monoxide gas sensor is a single-chamber sensor for measuring the carbon monoxide gas concentration in a gas phase. The carbon monoxide gas sensor has electrodes disposed on respective sides of a solid electrolyte layer. One of the electrodes is active for oxidation of carbon monoxide gas, and the other of the electrodes is more inactive for oxidation of carbon monoxide gas than the one electrode. The carbon monoxide gas sensor is configured to measure a short-circuit current between the electrodes. In the carbon monoxide gas sensor, the solid electrolyte layer has oxide ion conductivity.

Provided is a carbon-air secondary battery that can secure a large amount of stored electricity, has high charge / discharge efficiency, and has excellent cycle characteristics. The secondary battery 1 has a reactor 20 in which an anode 21 is installed and which is separated from the outside by an electrolyte 23, and which stores carbon deposited during charging, and a structure 60 which surrounds the reactor 20 and suppresses heat loss due to radiative heat transfer from the reactor 20. During charging, carbon dioxide is electrolyzed on the surface of the anode 21, and carbon is deposited on the anode side, which is a closed system, and oxygen is generated at the cathode 22 from oxide ions which are generated at the anode 21 and which have permeated the electrolyte 23. During discharging, oxide ions are generated from oxygen at the cathode 22, and carbon and / or carbon monoxide are electrochemically oxidized on the surface of the anode 21 to generate carbon dioxide.

The invention relates to the technical field of negative electrode materials, in particular to a preparation method of a low-cost and high-rate silicon-carbon secondary particle negative electrode material. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, using fine powder porous carbon; 2, performing vapor deposition to obtain a silicon carbon material; step 3, preparing a silicon carbon material partially coated with aluminum oxide; step 4, dispersing the silicon carbon material partially coated with aluminum oxide in an aluminum salt solution to obtain a first mixed slurry, and adding urea into the first mixed slurry to obtain a second mixed slurry; 5, carrying out spray drying granulation on the secondary mixed slurry to obtain secondary particles; and sixthly, heat treatment is conducted. According to the method, fine powder waste in the CVD silicon carbon production process is recycled, so that the production cost is reduced; aluminum oxide is synthesized in situ on the surface of the silicon-carbon material, an aluminum oxide ion channel is constructed through spray drying, the silicon-carbon material and aluminum oxide are tightly connected, the transmission rate of lithium ions in the surface interface of the material is improved, and the fast charging performance of the material is improved.

An electrode for an oxygen evolution reaction suitable for water electrolysis under alkaline conditions, comprising a ceramic material having a stability coefficient (SF) between 1.67 < = SF < = 2.8, calculated by formula (II) wherein ro represents the ion radius of the oxide ion (O2-), rB, av represents the weighted average ion radius of the transition metal, nA, nB, av represents the weighted average ion radius of the transition metal, nA represents the ion radius of the oxide ion (O2-), nA represents the ion radius of the oxide ion (O2-), nA represents the ion radius of the oxide ion (O2-), and nA represents the ion radius of the oxide ion (O2-). Av represents the weighted average oxidation state of the rare earth metal or the alkaline earth metal, and rA and av represent the weighted average ion radius of the rare earth metal or the alkaline earth metal. The invention further relates to an alkaline electrolysis stack comprising at least one such electrode, and to a method for water electrolysis using the alkaline electrolysis stack.

To provide an electrode material capable of suppressing deterioration over time of electrode performance.SOLUTION: There is provided an electrode material having a composition represented by the following expression (1), Ce1-x-yLaxMyO2-α (1), provided that 0<x<0.1, 0<y<0.1, α is a value at which electrical neutrality is maintained, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Gd, Nd, Y and Sm. Both the maintenance of oxide ion conductivity and the improvement of OSC can be achieved by co-doping CeO2 with La and M. As a result, the deterioration over time of electrode performance can be suppressed while securing oxide ion conductivity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Herein discussed is a method comprising: providing a mixed conducting membrane; exposing the membrane to a reducing environment on both sides of the membrane during the entire time of operation, wherein the operation does not receive electricity or generate electricity; wherein the reducing environments on both sides of the membrane have a pressure in the range of 5-300 bar. In an embodiment, the mixed conducting membrane conducts electrons and oxide ions. In an embodiment, the reducing environments on both sides of the membrane have a pressure of no less than 10 bar or no less than 20 bar or no less than 30 bar.

The invention provides a preparation method of deuterated alkali, which comprises the following steps: under the action of an electric field, dissociating heavy water molecules into deuterium ions and deuterium oxide ions by adopting a bipolar membrane device, and combining the deuterium oxide ions with cations passing through a cation exchange membrane to form the deuterated alkali in an alkali chamber. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that specific process steps are adopted, specific condition limitation is matched, overall better interaction is realized, adverse conditions such as violent reaction or redundant process are avoided while phase change is not involved, and green, environment-friendly, mild and controllable preparation of the deuterated base is realized.

An electrode suitable for carrying out oxygen evolution reaction in the electrolysis of water in alkaline conditions. The electrode includes a ceramic material having a stability factor (SF) between 1.67≤SF≤2.8 and which is calculated by formula (II), where rO is the ionic radius of oxide ion (O2−), rB,av is the weighted average ionic radius of a transition metal, nA,Av is the weighted average oxidation state of a rare earth or alkaline earth metal, rA,av is the weighted average ionic radius of a rare earth or alkaline earth metal. An alkaline electrolysis stack includes the electrode, as well as a method for the electrolysis of water in alkaline conditions using the alkaline electrolysis stack.