23 results about "Oxide ion" patented technology

An electrochemical cell (10) is obtained by laminating an air electrode (12), a solid electrolyte layer (11) containing a solid electrolyte, and a fuel electrode (13) in the stated order. An intermediate layer (17) is provided between the air electrode (12) and the solid electrolyte layer (11) and / or between the fuel electrode (13) and the solid electrolyte layer (11). The solid electrolyte layer (11) has a main phase composed of an oxide ion conductor. At least one of the intermediate layers (17) includes a first component constituted of cerium oxide containing a rare earth element other than cerium, and a second component constituted of an oxide ion conductor different from the first component. The substance amount of zirconium in the intermediate layer (17) is 10 mol% or less based on total substance amount of all metal elements in the intermediate layer (17).

The invention relates to an ammonia electrolysis hydrogen production system. An anode chamber and a cathode chamber are communicated through an electrolyte diaphragm to jointly form a closed electrolytic bath system; the bottom of the anode is immersed in the anolyte of the anode chamber to generate ammoxidation reaction to generate nitrogen, the anolyte is a mixed alkaline solution of an alkaline solution and ammonia water, and the bottom of the cathode is immersed in the catholyte of the cathode chamber to generate hydrogen evolution reaction to generate hydrogen; the cathode electrolyte is a mixed alkaline solution of an alkaline solution and ammonia water, the anode and the cathode are electrically connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of an external power supply respectively, and the electrolyte diaphragm is a porous diaphragm and is used for physically isolating nitrogen generated by the anode from hydrogen generated by the cathode and allowing hydroxyl ions generated by the cathode to migrate to the anode, so that charge balance of the cathode and the anode is realized. The invention further relates to a hydrogen production method based on the electrolytic ammonia hydrogen production system. According to the method, low-energy-consumption, low-cost and high-stability green hydrogen preparation is realized, and key technical support is provided for promoting large-scale and commercialized development of the green hydrogen industry.

A solid electrolyte assembly includes a substrate, a solid electrolyte, and a first electrode and a second electrode. The solid electrolyte has oxide ion conductivity, and the first electrode is located under the solid electrolyte and contains a porous material. The first electrode has only one oxygen diffusion path that is formed overlapping the substrate and the solid electrolyte. When Sr represents the smallest cross-sectional area that is a cross-sectional area of the oxygen diffusion path at a location where the area of a cross section of the first electrode taken perpendicularly to an oxygen diffusing direction is smallest in a portion of the oxygen diffusion path where the oxygen diffusion path overlaps the substrate and the solid electrolyte in a plan view of the solid electrolyte assembly, and Sp represents the area of a region where the first electrode and the second electrode overlap each other in a plan view of the solid electrolyte, Sr / Sp is from 1×10−7 to 6.9×10−4.

To provide a solid oxide fuel cell that can control the reactivity of the power generation reaction and achieve a uniform power generation distribution within the cell surface. [Solution] A solid oxide fuel cell having an electrolyte layer 20 having ionic conductivity that allows oxide ions to pass through, an anode layer 22A provided on one side of the electrolyte layer 20, and a cathode layer provided on the other side of the electrolyte layer 20. The anode layer 22A includes an electron conduction phase 32 that conducts electrons, an ion conduction phase 34 that conducts ions, and a void phase 36 that diffuses fuel gas. The electron conduction phase 32, the ion conduction phase 34, and the void phase 36 constitute an anode three-phase interface 38 at the point where these three phases are in contact. The density of the anode three-phase interface 38 at the downstream portion of the anode layer 22A located downstream in the direction of fuel gas flow is greater than the density of the anode three-phase interface 38 at the upstream portion of the anode layer 22A located upstream in the direction of fuel gas flow.

This invention discloses a Ga-Mn dual-doped pyrochlore-type La₂Zr₂O₇ low-temperature ceramic electrolyte and a fuel cell. The low-temperature ceramic electrolyte has a single-phase pyrochlore structure and the chemical formula La. 2‑ x Ga x Zr 2‑x Mn x O 7‑δ Where 0.2≤x≤0.6; Ga is Ga 3+ The form replaces part of the La bit, Mn with Mn 2+ / Mn 3+ / Mn 4+ By substituting some Zr sites, co-doping induces oxygen vacancy enrichment and modulates local charge distribution, thereby promoting oxide ion transport. The optimized composition of this invention, La... 1.6 Ga 0.4 Zr 1.6 Mn 0.4 O 7‑δ The ionic conductivity reaches 0.28 S·cm at 550 °C. ‑1 The activation energy was reduced to 0.678 eV; a single cell constructed using this electrolyte achieved 1171 mW·cm⁻¹ at 550 °C. ‑2 The peak power density is reduced to 0.37 Ω; the present invention realizes rapid oxide ion transport of La2Zr2O7-based electrolyte under medium and low temperature conditions, which can be used in high-performance solid oxide fuel cells.

A carbon dioxide sensor includes: a solid electrolyte layer that is anion conductive; a reference electrode disposed on one surface of the solid electrolyte layer; and a detection electrode disposed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte layer. The detection electrode is made of a mixture containing: (a) one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Os, and Ir; (b) a cation conductive carbonate; and (c) an oxide containing Li and at least one of Ce and Sm. The solid electrolyte layer is preferably oxide ion conductive, and the cation conductive carbonate is preferably lithium ion conductive.

An electrode suitable for the oxygen evolution reaction of water electrolysis under alkaline conditions, comprising a ceramic material having a stability factor (SF) between 1.67 < SF < 2.8, calculated by formula (II), wherein r o represents the ionic radius of the oxide ion (O 2‑ ), r B,av represents the weighted average ionic radius of the transition metal, n A,Av represents the weighted average oxidation state of the rare earth metal or alkaline earth metal, r A,av represents the weighted average ionic radius of the rare earth metal or alkaline earth metal. The invention further relates to an alkaline electrolysis stack comprising at least one such electrode, and a method for water electrolysis using the alkaline electrolysis stack.

An electrode capable of preventing Ni from being re-oxidized and reduced and thereby having improved initial characteristics and durability is provided. The electrode includes a cermet layer containing Ni-containing particles and an Nb compound. The Nb compound may cover at least parts of surfaces of the Ni-containing particles. The ratio of the mass of Nb contained in the Nb compound to the mass of Ni contained in Ni-containing particles may be 0.2 to 3.0 mass %. La may be contained in the Nb compound. The cermet layer may contain electrolyte particles having oxide ion conductivity or both oxide ion and electron conductivities.

A carbon monoxide gas sensor is a single-chamber sensor for measuring the carbon monoxide gas concentration in a gas phase. The carbon monoxide gas sensor has electrodes disposed on respective sides of a solid electrolyte layer. One of the electrodes is active for oxidation of carbon monoxide gas, and the other of the electrodes is more inactive for oxidation of carbon monoxide gas than the one electrode. The carbon monoxide gas sensor is configured to measure a short-circuit current between the electrodes. In the carbon monoxide gas sensor, the solid electrolyte layer has oxide ion conductivity.

To provide an electrode material capable of suppressing deterioration over time of electrode performance.SOLUTION: There is provided an electrode material having a composition represented by the following expression (1), Ce1-x-yLaxMyO2-α (1), provided that 0<x<0.1, 0<y<0.1, α is a value at which electrical neutrality is maintained, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Gd, Nd, Y and Sm. Both the maintenance of oxide ion conductivity and the improvement of OSC can be achieved by co-doping CeO2 with La and M. As a result, the deterioration over time of electrode performance can be suppressed while securing oxide ion conductivity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Herein discussed is a method comprising: providing a mixed conducting membrane; exposing the membrane to a reducing environment on both sides of the membrane during the entire time of operation, wherein the operation does not receive electricity or generate electricity; wherein the reducing environments on both sides of the membrane have a pressure in the range of 5-300 bar. In an embodiment, the mixed conducting membrane conducts electrons and oxide ions. In an embodiment, the reducing environments on both sides of the membrane have a pressure of no less than 10 bar or no less than 20 bar or no less than 30 bar.

Herein discussed is a method comprising: providing a mixed conducting membrane; exposing the membrane to a reducing environment on both sides of the membrane during the entire time of operation, wherein the operation does not receive electricity or generate electricity; wherein the reducing environments on both sides of the membrane have a pressure in the range of 5-300 bar. In an embodiment, the mixed conducting membrane conducts electrons and oxide ions. In an embodiment, the reducing environments on both sides of the membrane have a pressure of no less than 10 bar or no less than 20 bar or no less than 30 bar.

To provide a more lightweight oxide ion conductive solid electrolyte.SOLUTION: An oxide ion conductive solid electrolyte comprises a compound with a perovskite-type structure containing calcium (Ca), titanium (Ti), and aluminum (Al), and calcium aluminate. The perovskite-type structured compound is represented by CaTi1-xAlxO3-δ, with 0<x<1. Relative to the total of the oxide ion conductive solid electrolyte, the Al content is 21 mol% or more and 33 mol% or less in terms of oxide.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

To provide an electrode material capable of suppressing deterioration over time of electrode performance.SOLUTION: There is provided an electrode material having a composition represented by the following expression (1), Ce1-x-yZrxMyO2-α (1), provided that 0<x<0.1, 0.05<y<0.2, α is a value at which electrical neutrality is maintained, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Gd, La, Nd, Y and Sm. Both the maintenance of oxide ion conductivity and the improvement of OSC can be achieved by co-doping CeO2 with Zr and M. As a result, the deterioration over time of electrode performance can be suppressed while securing oxide ion conductivity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

The invention relates to an ion-electron mixed conductor material and a preparation method and application thereof. The material comprises a multivalent oxide ion-electron mixed conductor and a carbon coating layer outside the multivalent oxide ion-electron mixed conductor. The chemical general formula of the multivalent oxide is AxGyJzDuEhO6X, wherein 0 < x < = 3, 0 < y < 5 / 3, 0 < = z < = 2, 0 < = u < = 2, 0 < = h < = 2, and z + u + h = 2; a is Li < + >, Na < + > and / or K < + >; g is a + 2 and / or + 3 valent cation; j, D and E are positive ions which take + 4, + 5 and + 6 valence as main valence states and have various reduction valence states, and at least one element in J, D and E simultaneously coexists with at least one reduction valence state in the main valence state of J, D and E; x is halogen or OH <->. The material has oxygen vacancies, and an element A is doped in holes of the carbon coating layer. According to the invention, the electronic conductivity is improved while high ionic conductivity is maintained, and the problem of insufficient electronic conductivity of an oxide electrolyte in an electrode material is effectively solved.

To provide an electrode with improved initial properties and durability by suppressing the re-oxidation and reduction of Ni. [Solution] The electrode has a cermet layer containing Ni-containing particles and an Nb compound. The Nb compound preferably covers at least a portion of the surface of the Ni-containing particles. The ratio of the mass of Nb in the Nb compound to the mass of Ni in the Ni-containing particles is preferably 0.2 to 3.0 mass%. The Nb compound may contain La. The cermet layer may contain electrolyte particles that are conductive to oxide ions or conductive to both oxide ions and electrons.

The application discloses a layered periodic adjustable bismuth-based oxygen ion conductor thin film material and a preparation method thereof. The layered periodic adjustable bismuth-based oxygen ion conductor thin film material has a layered periodic structure formed by multiple layered structures arranged repeatedly, wherein the layered structure comprises a bismuth oxygen layer and multiple perovskite layers arranged in sequence; the preparation method of the layered periodic adjustable bismuth-based oxygen ion conductor thin film material comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a perovskite ceramic target; S2, processing a substrate; S3, placing the perovskite ceramic target and the substrate in a high-vacuum pulsed laser deposition system to perform pulsed laser deposition, so as to obtain the layered periodic adjustable bismuth-based oxygen ion conductor thin film material. The layered periodic adjustable bismuth-based oxygen ion conductor thin film material disclosed in the embodiment of the application has an atomic-level smooth surface, good physical properties, excellent low-temperature ion conductive performance and a wide application range.

The invention relates to the technical field of attenuation optical fibers, in particular to an ATF attenuation optical fiber and a high-temperature doping preparation method thereof.The metal elements are prepared into chlorides respectively, then the chlorides are mixed and replaced into oxide ions through an oxidation-reduction reaction, and then the attenuation optical fiber is prepared through subsequent steps; the metal elements comprise Al, Fe, Cr and Co. By changing the characteristics of transition metal ion materials and utilizing high-temperature oxidation-reduction reaction, volatile ions are deposited at a high temperature on a deposition layer, the concentration is locked, and the method is different from a traditional solution doping method and a gas phase method by virtue of the advantages of reliability of high-purity raw materials, accurate design of refractive index and large-scale production, and is expected to break through the bottleneck of an existing preparation technology. And attenuation fiber quality is improved.

An electrolytic cell includes a liquid metal cathode, an anode, and a molten salt electrolyte in contact with the liquid metal cathode and the anode. The molten salt electrolyte includes carbonate ions, and the electrolytic cell is configured to reduce the carbonate ions at the surface of the cathode or in the vicinity of the cathode to yield a carbon material and oxide ions. Producing a carbon material in the electrolytic cell includes providing carbonate ions to the electrolytic cell, reducing the carbonate ions at the liquid metal cathode to yield the carbon material, and removing the carbon material from the electrolytic cell.

The invention relates to a method for quantitatively analyzing stable sulfur isotope in a secondary battery. Aiming at the problems that a sulfur element in a sulfur-containing secondary battery coexists in a plurality of chemical forms in a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, a sample matrix is complicated, different components are difficult to uniformly treat, and a sulfur isotope is easy to generate unreal fractionation in a pretreatment process, the method disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out uniform pretreatment and oxidation digestion on a sample; controlled temperature, pressure and energy input conditions are introduced into a closed or semi-closed system, so that sulfur existing in different chemical forms in a sample is gradually converted into a sulfate radical form in a liquid phase, the volatilization loss of sulfur and non-real isotope fractionation are inhibited, and the high recovery rate of the sulfur element is realized; then introducing oxygen into a collision pool by adopting triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, converting sulfur ions into corresponding oxide ions, and then detecting mass spectrum signals of the oxide ions, so as to realize high-sensitivity and low-interference quantitative analysis on stable sulfur isotopes such as 32S and 34S.

Provided is an electrode that suppresses reoxidation and reduction of Ni and has improved initial characteristics and durability. The electrode has a cermet layer containing Ni-containing particles and an Nb compound. The Nb compound may cover at least a portion of the surface of the Ni-containing particles. The mass ratio of Nb contained in the Nb compound relative to the mass of Ni contained in the Ni-containing particles may be 0.2-3.0 mass%. La may be added to the Nb compound. The cermet layer may include electrolyte particles having oxide ion conductivity or oxide ion-electron dual conductivity.

The present invention comprises a positive electrode layer (14), a negative electrode layer (12), and an electrolyte layer (15) that conducts lithium ions between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer. The positive electrode layer contains a positive electrode active material (14a) that includes Mn in the composition thereof and an oxide ion conductor (14b) that can conduct lithium ions. The electrolyte layer contains a fluorine-containing lithium salt that contains fluorine atoms and a solvent that can dissolve the fluorine-containing lithium salt. The ion conductor is a dielectric that can promote dissociation of lithium ions from the fluorine-containing lithium salt.