The invention relates to the technical field of processing and modification of polymer materials, and concretely relates to an environmentally-friendly biomass flame retardant and a processing technology thereof. The technology comprises the following steps: sodium alginate and water are mixed, and stand for swelling, the obtained solution is heated and stirred to achieve dissolving, octenyl succinic anhydride is added, the obtained solution is stirred and reacted at a constant temperature, a sodium hydroxide solution is added to adjust the pH value to 8.1-8.2, and the obtained solution is neutralized with hydrochloric acid after the reaction is finished in order to obtain a modified sodium alginate emulsion; modified rice husks, the modified sodium alginate emulsion, plant essential oil,pretreated bone powder, calcium bicarbonate, n-butyl acetate, Escherichia coli, urea ad N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine are mixed, and the obtained mixture is stirred at a constant temperature, and then is spray-dried to obtain a blank material; and the blank material is treated with trimethylaluminum-containing nitrogen, then is treated with introduced water-containing nitrogen, and is dried to obtain the environmentally-friendly biomass flame retardant. The environmentally-friendly biomass flame retardant provided by the invention has excellent flame retardant properties and excellent mechanicalproperties.