The invention relates to a frame-retardant and fire-resistant optical cable which comprises a cable core and is characterized in that an inner water-resistant layer and an inner fire-resistant layer are coated on the cable core, and an outer fire-resistant layer is arranged outside the inner fire-resistant layer. A steel-plastic composite belt armor layer and a low-smoke zero-halogen outer protection sleeve are respectively coated the outermost layer of a cable. The frame-retardant and fire-resistant optical cable has high frame-retardant and fire-resistant performance, maintenance of good light transmission performance of the optical cable in high-temperature burning and cooling periods is ensured, and the high-grade frame-retardant, fire-resistant and low-smoke zero-halogen protection sleeve enables the optical cable to be high in oxygen index, good in flame retardant efficiency, low in fuming, high in light transmittance, and strong in nucleating after being burnt. Combustion residues are a hard outline layer, a ceramic vulcanization silicon rubber fire-resistant layer is capable of resisting fire within the temperature of 1200 DEG C and 1500 DEG C. A steel belt enables the optical cable to maintain quite high intensity and rigidity. The two points effectively reduce affection of internal stress of different components after the optical cable is burnt, light transmittance of the optical cable is further ensured, the burning from outside to inside of the optical cable is blocked and retarded, and frame-retardant and fire-resistant performance of the optical cable is further enhanced.