The invention provides a set of instruments for anterior thoracic and lumbar vertebra surgery, comprising a long-handle drag hook I, a long-handle periosteum detacher II, a long-handle osteotome III, a long-handle curet IV and a long-handle endplate curet V; the long-handle drag hook I comprises a drag hook point 1, a head section 2, a body section 3, a back end circular hole 4; the long-handle periosteum detacher II comprises an obtuse head section 5, a body section 6 and a handle 7; the long-handle osteotome comprises a flat osteotome head 8, a body section 9 and a back end 10; the long-handle curet IV comprises an obtuse curet head 11 with hook, a body 12 and a conical handle 13; the long-handle endplate curet V comprises a hollow curet head 14 with elliptic structure, a body section 15 and a handle 16. The invention has advantages of reasonable design, easy manufacture process, and low cost. By using the instruments of the invention, smaller surgical incision, improved surgery range of vision, optimized operative procedure, reduced surgery difficulty, reduced hemorrhage in surgery and shortened surgery time can be obtained.