The invention discloses a lightweight building material which is characterized by comprising the following substances, by weight, 50-80 parts of cement, 5-9 parts of a mixed solvent, 6-8 parts of an inorganic thickening agent, 11-18 parts of clam shell powder, 2-8 parts of Scapharca subcrenata shell powder, 9-17 parts of white clamshell powder, 1-6 parts of polypropylene, 3-8 parts of nano-calcium sulfate, 3-9 parts of a titanate coupling agent, 2-8 parts of abietyl resin acid, 20-32 parts of organosilicone modified epoxy resin, 1-9 parts of laminated structured mica powder, 1-3 parts of hollow glass beads, 1-6 parts of linear low density polyethylene, 2-3 parts of white oil, 3-9 parts of fiber and 3-9 parts of a foaming agent. By the use of composite cement and lime, slurry thickening time can be shortened, and bubbles coming from the foaming agent and linear low density polyethylene can be fully maintained so as to guarantee thermal insulation property of the material; and by simultaneous application of two foaming agents, namely physical and chemical foaming agents, it helps to raise thermal insulation performance of the slurry.