The invention discloses a non-sulfide mineral flotation collector and application of the non-sulfide mineral flotation collector, and belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation collectors. The non-sulfide mineral flotation collector is prepared from carboxyl phenylphosphonic acid and salt thereof and has the advantages of being good in water solubility in normal temperature, easy to disperse, high in collection capability, good in selectivity and the like, and is mainly used for flotation and separation of valuable mineral in ilmenite, scheelite, wolframite, rutile, cassiterite, fluorite, rare earth ore, bauxite, manganese carbonate ore or phosphate minerals. The collector is low in cost, safe, environmentally friendly, high in flotation recycling rate and suitable for large-scaleindustrial application.