The invention relates to the field of composite fertilizers and specifically relates to an active controlled-release composite fertilizer containing wine cellar mud. The fertilizer is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 1250-2000-mesh diatomite, 12-14 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, 8-10 parts of bryophyte, 6-8 parts of plant ashes, 2-3 parts of bamboo vinegar, 5-8 parts of waste coffee grounds, 3-5 parts of zinc carbonate, 10-12 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7-8 parts of saw dust, 10-12 parts of fish pond sludge, 2-4 parts of active carbon, 5-8 parts of tea stems, 8-10 parts of wine cellar mud, 2-4 parts of angled bittersweet stems, 4-6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of lemon peel, 0.1-0.2 part of nano zinc sulfide, 6-8 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan, 1-3 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 4-5 parts of glycerol, 12-15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-2 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate and 4-5 parts of auxiliaries. The composite fertilizer disclosed by the invention is wide in formula source, contains various materials which are cheap, easily available, and rich in active biomass, can effectively improve soil environment, can promote crop growth, utilizes diatomite and a controlled-release film-coating agent to form dual coating for nutrients, is more lasting in fertilizer effect, and obviously improves crop yield and quality.