The invention discloses a functionalized meso-porous silica-based material. The material is mainly prepared from polymine and silica gel, wherein the mass percentage content of the polymine is 13.2-28.6 wt%, the particle size is 20 micrometers to 100 micrometers, the specific surface area is 250-420 m<2> / g, the distribution range of meso-porous size is 2-15 nanometers, and the most probable pore size is 5.0-5.5 nanometers. The large-particle functionalized meso-porous silica-based material is obtained by combining a sol-gel method and a coprecipitation method for the first time, polymine participates in a hydrolysis-polycondensaiton in the meso-porous silica gel forming process, a target product is directly synthesized, a preparation method is simple, the product can be synthesized on a large scale, and raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain; the functionalized meso-porous silica-based material is large in particle size and large in specific area, has multiple meso-pores, functionalized modified groups are uniform in distribution and high in content, the content of a polymer can reach 28.6 wt%, the material can be adopted as a microminiaturized filling type solid phase extraction absorbent, is a good anion exchange material and is wide in application range and obvious in effect.