The invention discloses an electric automobile and a stretch and retraction
electricity taking device of an
electric vehicle. The stretch and retraction
electricity taking device comprises devices which are controlled to stretch out to keep contact with power supply slide wires arranged at the side of a side guardrail at the side of a road during stretch by adapting to the
mutual position changesduring vehicle travel, safely lead in and lead out current, and break away from the power supply slide wires to perform return and positioning during retraction; and controlled stretch and retractiondevices for leading-in and leading-out of current from the same road side, which are formed in the mode that after electric conductors and a combination of the electric conductors are wrapped with
adhesive, each inner section is flexibly connected with a switch, a controller, a charging storage battery and an electrical appliance, a stretch section cooperates with a
machine capable of stretching and retracting, wherein the outmost section of the stretch section is exposed slant in the vertical direction, under the
machine stretching condition, the stretch and retraction devices make contact with the corresponding power supply slide wires and stretch and retract elastically to maintain flexible contact for
electricity transmission. The invention further discloses an
electric vehicle including an automobile, a
train and a special vehicle. The
electric vehicle is provided with the stretch and retraction electricity taking devices which make contact with the power supply slide wires for sliding electricity taking after the stretch and retraction electricity taking devices stretch out, is charged during travel until leaving a power supply circuit and returns to the power supply circuitwithin the permissive mileage of
electric power storage of the battery; the electric vehicle is charged during travel and arrives and departs outside the power supply circuit through
electric power storage, and the
stroke is infinite.