The invention relates to the technical field of casting technologies and new materials, in particular to a preparation method of a high-strength and high-elongation clay sand as-cast QT700-10 ductile iron casting, which comprises the following steps: step 1, weighing a carburant, a scrap steel briquette, foundry returns and a pretreating agent in batches according to a batching list, adding the weighed materials into an electric furnace for smelting, sampling, analyzing the components of molten iron, adjusting the components to be qualified, and taking out the molten iron; keeping the temperature at 1520-1550 DEG C for 5-8 minutes, and slagging off; 2, molten iron is weighed and transferred to a spheroidizing bag, Cu and Sn micro-alloy is added for discharging and flushing, meanwhile, a spheroidizing line and an inoculation line are inserted for wire feeding spheroidizing inoculation, and scum is removed after completion of wire feeding spheroidizing inoculation; 3, the molten iron is transferred to a casting machine, a silicon-barium inoculant is added for ladle-to-ladle inoculation, and slag removal and temperature measurement are conducted after ladle-to-ladle inoculation is completed; 4, the automatic casting machine is started, an efficient inoculant is added, and stream inoculation is carried out; and 5, after pouring is finished, heat preservation is conducted for 2-4 h, box pushing and shakeout are conducted, the metallographic phase and performance of a casting are detected to be qualified, and a qualified casting is obtained. The requirements of mechanical parts for high-strength and high-toughness ductile iron castings and the requirement for light weight of automobile parts can be met.