The invention discloses a preparation method of a gypsum mine slag cement-based thick-type steel structure fireproof, anticorrosive, thermal-insulation integrated coating. According to the preparation method, gypsum mine slag cement is obtained via mixing of gypsum, blast furnace slag, and Portland cement clinker; an ingredient A is obtained via mixing of acrylic acid waterproof elastic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer emulsion, mica powder, titanium dioxide powder, iron red powder, ammoniacal liquor, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, an antiseptic, a film forming auxiliary agent, and water; a fireproof steel structure anticorrosive primer is composed of the ingredient A and the gypsum mine slag cement; a thick-type steel structure fireproof thermal-insulation coating is obtained via mixing of expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, rubber powder, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, and the gypsum mine slag cement; and a finished product is obtained via steel structure surface cleaning treatment, coating of the fireproof steel structure anticorrosive primer, polishing, and coating of the thick-type steel structure fireproof thermal-insulation coating. The comprehensive cost is low; the preparation method is friendly to the environment, can be widely used for fire protection, corrosion protection, thermal insulation, and energy reduction of different kinds of steel structures.