The invention discloses an 
ionic liquid segmented 
copolymer with an 
imidazole-contained main chain and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: under the protection of N2, causing 
imidazole to successively react with 
methyl acrylate and 2-chlorohydrin to generate a chlorination1-(3-methoxy-3-allyloxy)-3-(2-hydroxyl ethyl) 
imidazole ion liquid; carrying out condensation 
polymerization on the chlorination1-(3- methoxy-3-allyloxy)-3-(2-hydroxyl ethyl) imidazole 
ion liquid and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-bemidone-1-
oxygen radical to obtain an imidazole 
ion liquid homopolymer of which the 
tail end contains an N-O free radical; and polymerizing the imidazole ion liquid homopolymer with 
styrene or the derivant thereof to obtain the 
ionic liquid segmented 
copolymer with an imidazole-contained main chain. The 
ionic liquid segmented 
copolymer is characterized in that the ionic liquid segmented copolymer with an imidazole-contained main chain is firstly prepared by a polycondensation method. The imidazole ion liquid with difunctionality is synthetized in advance; and condensation 
polymerization is carried out to obtain the ionic liquid homopolymer, wherein the 
tail end of the ionic liquid homopolymer contains the N-O free radical, and the main chain contains the imidazole. Then, the 
styrene or the derivant thereof is initiated by the N-O free radical to polymerize to obtain the ionic liquid segmented copolymer with an imidazole-contained main chain.