The invention belongs to the technical field of skin care products, and discloses a whitening and glowing ampoule essence microemulsion and a preparation method thereof. Stirring, heating and dissolving arginine, undecylenoyl phenylalanine, a polyacrylate cross-linked polymer-6, glycerol, xanthan gum, sodium hyaluronate and water to obtain a water phase; the preparation method comprises the following steps: heating, stirring and dissolving an emulsifier 1, isononyl isononanoate, polydimethylsiloxane, polycyclic polydimethylsiloxane, ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate and an emulsifier 2 to obtain an oil phase; adding the oil phase into the water phase, homogenizing and emulsifying, then adding butanediol, p-hydroxyacetophenone, nicotinamide, tranexamic acid, 1, 2-hexanediol, multiple plant extracts, an ergothioneine pine mushroom extract, tocopheryl acetate, 3-o-ethyl ascorbic acid and compound plant essential oil, and uniformly stirring and emulsifying to obtain microemulsion; and filling an ampoule with the obtained microemulsion to obtain a finished product. The product has the advantages of being good in whitening effect, mild, safe, convenient to use and good in stability.