The invention specifically relates to a 
microwave vacuum preservation method for grains, which belongs to the technical field of 
food preservation. The method comprises the following steps that: firstly, grains are filled in a packaging bag which allows 
microwave to permeate and has a good 
gas barrier property, one side of the packaging bag is provided with an opening, the rest sides of the packaging bag are sealed, grains are filled into the packaging bag through the opening, a comb-shaped high temperature resistant die is arranged between the upper layer and the lower layer of the opening, a sealing 
machine is used for primary sealing, 3 to 120 
breathing outlets with a 
diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 mm are reserved in advance at a sealing place, and the spacing between two adjacent 
breathing outlets is 0.5 to 3 cm; secondly, the packaging bag is placed in a 
microwave device for treatment so as to allow the grains to have a surface temperature of 54 to 65 DEG C when the grains come out from the microwave device, and then the packaging bag is treated under the conditions of a degree of vacuum of 0.08 to 0.095 MPa and a 
cooling speed of 0.09 to 0.35 DEG C / s for 15 to 45 s to enable the grains have a surface temperature of 36 to 51 DEG C; finally, all the 
breathing outlets in the packaging bag are sealed. The invention enables the defect that 
cooling time in the existing cereal microwave 
insect and 
mildew inhibiting technology is too long to be overcome, thereby avoiding a hidden trouble of secondary 
pollution.