28 results about "Proton energy" patented technology

The utility model provides a rotary neutron target. The rotary neutron target comprises a neutron generation layer, a hydrogen diffusion layer and a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a cooling substrate and a rotating shaft, the cross section of the cooling substrate is circular, and the rotating shaft is vertically and fixedly connected to the circle center of the cooling substrate; the cross sections of the neutron generation layer and the hydrogen diffusion layer are of a first annular structure and a second annular structure respectively, and the first annular structure and the second annular structure are the same in shape and area. The hydrogen diffusion layer, the neutron generation layer and the cooling substrate are coaxially arranged, the hydrogen diffusion layer is arranged above the cooling substrate, and the neutron generation layer completely covers the hydrogen diffusion layer. According to the structure, all protons enter the hydrogen diffusion layer, and heat generated by the neutron generation layer and the hydrogen diffusion layer on the rotating neutron target is rapidly taken away, so that the heat is uniformly distributed, and high temperature of the target material caused by proton aggregation is avoided; according to the structure, proton energy deposition is basically in the hydrogen diffusion layer, the neutron generation layer is effectively protected, and the service life of the neutron target is prolonged.

The invention relates to an energy spectrum modulator design method and system for generating a solar proton event based on accelerator simulation, and the method employs a scattering target to guarantee the beam uniformity when the energy spectrum modulator is used for proton irradiation, and employs a Monte Carlo program to simulate a normalized proton energy spectrum at a sample test position. And comparing the similarity between the shape of the simulated proton energy spectrum and the shape of the solar proton energy spectrum, and verifying the design effect so as to iteratively optimize the design scheme, so that the similarity between the shape of the simulated proton energy spectrum and the shape of the solar proton energy spectrum reaches a satisfactory degree. The design method can effectively solve the problem that protons at the low-energy end of the solar proton event cannot be effectively simulated in an existing scheme. The energy spectrum modulator designed according to the invention not only can be used for space radiation effect mechanism, test and evaluation work of electronic devices, but also can be used for carrying out space radiation biological effect experiment research work of organisms.

The present application relates to a kind of device equivalent silicon layer thickness and the acquisition method of single event upset LET threshold, belong to space radiation effect simulation experiment technique and anti-radiation hardening technical field, solve the technical problem that device equivalent silicon layer thickness and single event upset LET threshold are difficult to obtain, its acquisition method includes obtaining average proton energy and LET value and range in silicon;Obtain the relationship curve of device single event upset cross section and average proton energy;Extract the energy upper and lower limit corresponding to the single event upset cross section peak of low-energy proton of device;Based on energy lower limit, the equivalent silicon layer thickness of device is calculated;Based on energy upper limit, the proton range, energy and LET value in the sensitive volume of device are calculated;Based on the proton higher than and closest to energy upper limit, the proton range, energy and LET value in the sensitive volume are calculated;The step of obtaining the LET threshold of device single event upset.The method can realize the accurate acquisition of device equivalent silicon layer thickness and single event upset LET threshold.

The present invention relates to a solar proton energy spectrum modulator design method, comprising the following steps: calculating the integrated total area of ​​the geosynchronous orbit solar proton energy spectrum; dividing the geosynchronous orbit solar proton energy spectrum into multiple energy spectrum intervals and solving for the average value of the proton energy in each interval; calculating the proportion of each energy spectrum interval in the entire geosynchronous orbit solar proton energy spectrum based on the average value of the proton energy in each interval; selecting a total material thickness, and sequentially reducing the total material thickness in a preset shape according to the thickness and corresponding area proportion required for the average energy corresponding to each energy spectrum interval to form an energy reduction sheet; supporting the energy reduction sheet and enabling the energy reduction sheet to rotate along its geometric center at a set speed. The present invention also provides a solar proton energy spectrum modulator design system. Using the solar proton energy spectrum modulator design method and system of the present invention, a radiation environment comparable to the solar proton energy spectrum in space can be obtained.

The invention discloses an on-orbit single event upset protection method for a FLASH storage chip and a reliability evaluation method of the FLASH storage chip, and relates to reliability design and test of the FLASH storage chip for an on-orbit satellite. The problems that the prior art depends on an expensive and limited ground heavy ion test and is insufficient in applicability to a long-term on-orbit working mode, a satellite shielding effect and proton overturning of a storage chip are solved. According to the method, protection is carried out according to two-out-of-three of storage bits, and the reliability evaluation method specifically comprises the steps that the proton energy spectrum of a track where the FLASH storage chip is located is calculated, a proton single-particle experiment is carried out based on the proton energy spectrum, the single-particle upset bit number and the single-particle upset section are obtained, a single-particle upset energy threshold value is obtained through Bendel two-parameter fitting, and the single-particle upset energy threshold value is used for evaluating the reliability of the FLASH storage chip. The single event upset probability of each storage bit of a single FLASH chip is calculated, and the reliability of protection according to two-out-of-three of the storage bits is evaluated. The method is suitable for the fields of spacecraft electronic system reliability design, on-orbit storage chip single event effect evaluation and the like.

The application discloses a kind of solar proton event causes the analysis and evaluation method of the risk of single event upset of spaceflight electronic device, comprising the following steps: S1. Establishing spaceflight electronic device target material model, calculating target device SEU cross section and proton energy relationship;S2. Analyzing the on-orbit proton radiation environment elements of spaceflight device, obtaining detection data and calculating the radiation flux of SPE;S3. The metric parameter of device single event upset caused by the occurrence process of SPE is calculated;S4. According to the calculation result, the SEU risk caused by SPE is evaluated and classified. The Monte Carlo method is used for SEU cross section calculation of electronic device, and the non-elastic energy deposition event of device sensitive area caused by single-energy proton can be accurately obtained. The present application can accurately and effectively provide basis for troubleshooting and information correction of spaceflight device, and can be directly applied to existing on-orbit spacecraft.

This application discloses a method and system for assessing displacement damage of solar panels in a space environment, enabling rapid assessment of spatial displacement damage to solar panels in space and improving accuracy and practicality. The method includes: acquiring basic energy spectrum data; performing energy spectrum fitting on the electron and proton energy spectra in the basic energy spectrum data to generate electron and proton energy flux curves; establishing a first model based on the structure of the solar panel; simulating multiple transmission energy spectra of electrons and protons with different incident thicknesses on upper and lower glass cover sheets based on the first model and the electron and proton energy flux curves, and generating an energy spectrum database; and generating assessment results of the displacement damage of the solar panel under space environment based on assessment commands and the energy spectrum database.

A Proton Computed Tomography (pCT) system utilizing proton beams for construction of 3-dimensional density maps of both test phantoms and living tissue. PCT is a much sought-after modality for treatment planning and validation at proton therapy treatment centers, as it would allow in situ imaging with the same beam that is used for the treatment. A pCT system according to the present invention includes gaseous detectors for tracking and energy reconstruction, a shutter system to extend dynamic range features while maintaining good energy resolution, and a method for determining proton energy from a forward-search algorithm utilizing segmentation of energy detector ionization signal readout. The gaseous detectors are Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) based gaseous detectors.

The invention relates to a proton spectrum CT imaging method and device, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving two proton beams with different energies through two beam matching units, and adjusting the phase space and beam envelope of the proton beams; the transmission angle of the proton beam is changed by using the beam deflection system, so that the proton beam is deflected to irradiate the target substance; performing position angle sorting and filtering on the proton beam through an imaging optimization system; receiving the dual-energy proton beam by using a single-source double-layer detector, collecting energy attenuation data of the dual-energy proton beam, and transmitting the data to a data analysis module; the data is compared with the energy spectrum line of a known substance through the data analysis module, the equivalent base substance proportion of a target substance is calculated, the energy difference is processed through an algorithm, and a low-noise and high-contrast energy spectrum image is generated. According to the proton spectrum CT imaging method, quantitative and qualitative analysis can be carried out on the tissue structure components of the target substance, and the imaging quality can be improved.

The invention discloses a precise positioning method for proton motion, a treatment head, a device, equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a space geometric model according to a deflection motion track of a proton moving to a preset target position under the action of a scanning magnetic field, and carrying out the space geometric analysis according to the space geometric model; according to the deflection radius and the proton energy, obtaining the target magnetic field intensity of the scanning magnetic field required by the proton to move to a preset target position, obtaining the actual magnetic field intensity of the scanning magnetic field, and according to the target magnetic field intensity and the actual magnetic field intensity, obtaining the target magnetic field intensity of the scanning magnetic field. The target current of a scanning magnet corresponding to the scanning magnetic field is obtained, and the deflection movement track of the proton in the scanning magnetic field is controlled according to the target current, so that precise positioning of proton movement is achieved. According to the method, the hysteresis phenomenon influence caused by magnet eddy current is reduced, and the efficiency and safety of irradiation treatment on a patient are effectively guaranteed.

The invention relates to a simulation calculation and imaging method, device and equipment for a proton blocking capability, and belongs to the technical field of ionizing radiation calculation. The method comprises the following steps: partitioning incident proton energy, and obtaining a motion step length of a proton in a target substance based on the energy partitioning; in each motion step length, electron blocking capability calculation based on energy partition, nuclear blocking capability calculation based on a nuclear blocking section and compound blocking capability calculation based on a compound element are sequentially carried out, and the total blocking capability in each motion step length is comprehensively obtained, simplified into the same value and stored; and energy loss rate simulation calculation and imaging of the target material for different incident proton energies are realized. The method can effectively improve the precision and efficiency of proton energy loss rate calculation imaging.

The invention discloses an exit window neutron energy spectrum determination method based on energy spectrum superposition and a machine learning algorithm, and relates to the crossing field of nuclear technology and artificial intelligence. The method comprises the following steps: when target neutron energy spectrum data corresponding to a proton energy point on an incident direction point is not indexed, predicting target neutron energy spectrum data generated after targeting; multiplying the proton fluence ratio by the target neutron energy spectrum data corresponding to the protons, and adding the multiplication results of all the energy points and the protons corresponding to the incident direction points to obtain a target neutron energy spectrum; when the energy spectrum data corresponding to the neutron energy point on the direction point is not indexed, predicting the energy spectrum data; and substituting the corresponding energy spectrum data of the neutron energy point on the direction point indexed in the BSA database and the predicted energy spectrum data of the neutron energy point on the direction point into an exit window energy spectrum formula for calculation to obtain an exit window neutron energy spectrum. The method improves the determination precision of the neutron energy spectrum of the exit window.

The invention relates to the field of beam conveying control, in particular to a novel beam conveying method. The method comprises the steps of extracting coordinates of an irradiation point, controlling a first magnet power supply current value based on the coordinates, obtaining the position of the irradiation point and judging whether the irradiation point deviates from the coordinates, and if yes, calculating a new magnetic field value and controlling a second magnet power supply current value; in addition, the scanning magnet power supply current value can be controlled based on the irradiation point coordinates and the deviation value, a TPS plan file is obtained to extract the coordinates, the irradiation point prediction position is calculated according to a preset formula and the coordinates and compared with the actual position, and the proton average energy of the beam is 235 MeV. According to the invention, beam conveying can be controlled more accurately, and the accuracy of beam conveying to an irradiation point is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological experiment equipment, in particular to a living cell vacuum irradiation device and an experiment method. The living cell vacuum irradiation device comprises a driving mechanism which is provided with a first flange and a telescopic rod; the vacuum chamber is provided with a first port and a second port; the living cell carrier is used for keeping cell activity; wherein the first flange is connected with the first port, the first end of the telescopic rod extends into the vacuum chamber from the first port, and the living cell carrier is mounted at the first end of the telescopic rod; the second port is connected with a proton accelerator, and the living cell carrier is driven by the telescopic rod to adjust the position relative to the second port so as to receive ion irradiation. In the invention, by optimizing the structure of the irradiation device, the living cell carrier can be placed in the vacuum chamber, so that the ion beam directly irradiates the living cells, and the irradiation of the living cells can be implemented by using a low-energy accelerator of which the proton energy is more than 0.32 MeV.

The invention relates to a proton energy spectrum identification method based on a convolutional neural network and a CMOS image sensor proton-induced transient bright spot. A device involved in the method is composed of a PREF proton accelerator, a rotary sample table, a sample test board, a CMOS image sensor, a field programmable gate array and an online test computer. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out a proton online irradiation experiment with 10-60MeV proton energy and an incidence angle of 0-85 degrees, collecting a transient bright spot image output by a CMOS image sensor, extracting a single proton induced bright spot through threshold segmentation, calculating a bright spot size parameter and a pixel gray sum to construct a data set, and dividing a training set and a verification set; according to the method, a Grad-CAM visual analysis decision area is combined, a hot spot size threshold is set, effective samples are screened, proton energy identification is realized through model training, meanwhile, proton fluence measurement is completed, and the method is suitable for space detection and nuclear facility monitoring and has the advantages of being high in interference resistance, efficient in feature and flexible in adaptation.

The present application discloses a particle energy spectrum inversion method and system based on dual regularization coefficients, so as to achieve the purpose of inverting the electron and proton energy spectra at one time while using less detection equipment. The detector is a single detector that detects electrons and protons simultaneously. The method comprises: generating a first inversion model based on the detector; wherein the first inversion model includes a local relaxation coefficient and a dual regularization coefficient, and the dual regularization coefficient includes a first regularization coefficient corresponding to electrons and a second regularization coefficient corresponding to protons; presetting a local relaxation coefficient set and a dual regularization coefficient set of the dual regularization coefficients; based on the local relaxation coefficient set and the dual regularization coefficient set, iteratively calculating the first inversion model using a Boosted‑Gold algorithm based on the dual regularization coefficients, recording the energy spectrum norm and residual norm that meet the preset convergence conditions; generating an L curve based on the spectrum norm and the residual norm, and taking the inflection point of the L curve as the optimal inversion solution.

The invention belongs to the technical field of proton energy storage positive electrode materials, and particularly relates to a RuOx quantum dot / Prussian blue analogue heterojunction material and a preparation method and application thereof.The RuOx quantum dot / Prussian blue analogue heterojunction material is prepared through a hydrothermal method, then the RuOx quantum dot is doped into a vanadium hexacyanoferrite material through an in-situ co-precipitation technology, and the RuOx quantum dot / Prussian blue analogue heterojunction material is obtained. The RuOx quantum dot / Prussian blue analogue heterojunction material is obtained. The RuOx quantum dot / Prussian blue analogue heterojunction material provided by the invention overcomes the technical defect of low specific capacity of a hexacyanovanadium ferrite material, also overcomes the problems of non-ideal conductivity and cycle stability of the hexacyanovanadium ferrite, and takes the RuOx quantum dot / Prussian blue analogue heterojunction material as a positive electrode material; the proton energy storage device assembled by the positive electrode material and the molybdenum oxide / MXene negative electrode has high conductivity and long cycle stability.

To provide a technique that makes it possible to calculate an SER in a space proton environment at low cost.SOLUTION: A measuring device 10 includes an acceleration coefficient calculation unit 104 which, by assuming a proton SEU cross section as a neutron cross section in an energy range where a proton SEU (single event upset) cross section dependent on proton energy and a neutron SEU cross section dependent on neutron energy can be considered mutually the same value, calculates an index for converting the SER (soft error rate) by a neutron ray generated by a semiconductor device to the SER by a proton ray.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Provided is an inference device (100) for inferring secondary neutron spectra produced within the atmosphere, said device comprising: an inference unit (11) that infers, with respect to a plurality of proton energies, atmospheric responses indicating interactions between protons and the atmosphere when monoenergetic protons have been radiated within the atmosphere; an approximation processing unit (12) that on the basis of the atmospheric responses of the different proton energies inferred by the inference unit (11), derives an approximation function for the atmospheric responses; a setting unit (21) that sets up a proton spectrum in an environment for secondary neutron spectrum measurement; and an arithmetic unit (22) that on the basis of the proton spectrum set up by the setting unit (21) and the approximation function, computes a secondary neutron spectrum in the measurement environment.

This invention discloses a method for determining the neutron energy spectrum of the emission window based on energy spectrum superposition and machine learning algorithms, involving the interdisciplinary field of nuclear technology and artificial intelligence. The method includes: predicting the target neutron energy spectrum data generated after target firing when the target neutron energy spectrum data corresponding to the proton energy point at the incident direction point is not indexed; multiplying the proton fluence ratio by the target neutron energy spectrum data corresponding to the proton, and summing the multiplication results of all energy points and the protons corresponding to the incident direction point to obtain the target neutron energy spectrum; predicting the energy spectrum data when the energy spectrum data corresponding to the neutron energy point at the direction point is not indexed; and substituting the energy spectrum data corresponding to the neutron energy point at the direction point indexed in the BSA database and the predicted energy spectrum data of the neutron energy point at the direction point into the emission window energy spectrum formula for calculation to obtain the emission window neutron energy spectrum. This method improves the accuracy of determining the emission window neutron energy spectrum.

The present invention relates to a proton CT energizer based on a linear acceleration section, comprising a pre-bunching structure, a vacuum drift section, a linear acceleration section, and a bending magnet with a beam scraper, all connected in sequence. The linear acceleration section is composed of several subunits, each of which includes a quadrupole magnet and at least one proton linear acceleration tube. Each proton linear acceleration tube is connected to a power source via a waveguide system, and the power source is connected to a low-level control system. The proton linear acceleration tubes in two adjacent subunits have different β values, forming a segmented multi-β value distribution in the linear acceleration section, wherein the β value is equal to the ratio of twice the single cavity length of the proton linear acceleration tube to the free space wavelength at the operating frequency of the proton linear acceleration tube. The present invention can increase proton energy to 330 MeV or above, while reducing beam loss in the linear acceleration section of the proton beam extracted from a cyclotron or synchrotron.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose methods and systems for proton therapy planning that includes proton energy and spot optimization that discretizes layers and spots using an optimization algorithm to produce an optimal distribution of layer energies and spots with a relatively smooth dose distribution. The treatment planning algorithms disclosed herein can freely choose the number of spots and the energy levels of the spots. In this way, each spot can be treated as its own layer and is not constrained by the requirements of other spots / layers. Thereafter, the spots defined by the algorithm can be sorted in a list according to energy levels / depth, and the spots can be grouped into blocks according to intensity and location. The blocks can be assigned energy levels based on the corresponding spots, such as an average of all the spots associated with the block. The blocks then are used as the energy layers applied by the proton therapy treatment system.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose methods and systems for proton therapy planning that include the discretization of proton energies and spot optimization of layers and spots using optimization algorithms to generate an optimal distribution of layer energies and spots with a relatively smooth dose distribution. The treatment planning algorithms disclosed herein can freely choose (502) the number of spots and the energy level of the spots. In this way, each spot can be considered its own layer and is not bound by the requirements of other spots / layers. Thereafter, the spots defined by the algorithm can be ordered (503) in a list according to energy level / depth and the spots can be grouped (504) into blocks according to intensity and position. The blocks can be assigned an energy level based on the corresponding spots, such as the average of all spots associated with the block. These blocks are then used as the energy layers applied by the proton therapy treatment system.

The invention discloses a hydrogen molybdenum bronze nanosheet material, a preparation method and application of the hydrogen molybdenum bronze nanosheet material in low-temperature proton energy storage. And reacting the MoO3 suspension with a Na2S2O4 solution to obtain a product, further mixing and stirring the product with an HCl aqueous solution, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the hydrogen molybdenum bronze nanosheet material. The hydrogen-molybdenum bronze material can be applied to a low-temperature proton hybrid capacitor, has high specific capacity, excellent rate capability and good low-temperature performance, has a working temperature range of-80 to 25 DEG C, and is particularly suitable for being applied to low-temperature proton energy storage.

This disclosure relates to a proton beam degrader and a cooling assembly. The proton beam degrader includes a degrader foil that is positioned within a path of a particle beam directed to strike a target. The degrader can include a plurality of fins positioned outside of a conduit within which the degrader foil is positioned to transfer heat away from the degrader foil and into a cooling channel formed in conjunction with the cooling assembly. The degrader foil can have chamfered corners to further improve heat transfer. The degrader foil can include at least one aperture to aid in forming a vacuum condition across the degrader foil. In some examples, where a target cannot operate in a vacuum environment, the degrader can include a degrader foil devoid of any apertures.

Methods and systems for proton therapy planning include proton energy and spot optimization that discretizes layers and spots using an optimization algorithm to produce an optimal distribution of layer energies and spots with a relatively smooth dose distribution. The treatment planning algorithms disclosed herein can freely choose the number of spots and the energy levels of the spots. In this way, each spot can be treated as its own layer and is not constrained by the requirements of other spots / layers. Thereafter, the spots defined by the algorithm can be sorted in a list according to energy levels / depth, and the spots can be grouped into blocks according to intensity and location. The blocks can be assigned energy levels based on the corresponding spots, such as an average of all the spots associated with the block. The blocks then are used as the energy layers applied by the proton therapy treatment system.

The present invention discloses a simulation method for a silicon carbide fast neutron detector based on Geant4 and TCAD software, and the steps are as follows: 1. Use Geant4 software for simulation, and determine the optimal thickness of the conversion layer according to the monoenergetic neutron conversion efficiency; 2. Under the condition of the optimal conversion layer thickness, simulate and obtain the energy and angle information of protons generated by the mixed-energy neutron source passing through the conversion layer and entering the detector; 3. Sample according to the calculated proton energy and angle information; 4. Use SRIM software to obtain the range and linear energy transfer of protons in the silicon carbide material; 5. In TCAD software, model and optimize the semiconductor device to obtain the basic electrical characteristics; 6. According to the sampling results and the optimized detector structure, perform simulation in TCAD software to obtain data such as particle pulse current and charge collection, realizing the optimization of the fast neutron detector and the coupled simulation of Gean4 and TCAD.

The present invention provides a computer tomography device for a proton beam, comprising an accelerator, an S-band high-gradient proton acceleration structure, an ultrafast proton bunch distribution system, a treatment gantry, and an ultrafast proton bunch scanning system arranged in sequence along the direction of the proton beam current, and a proton CT system installed on the treatment gantry; the accelerator is configured to emit a proton beam current with a proton energy of 70 MeV - 235 MeV; the S-band high-gradient proton acceleration structure is configured to be switchable between an on state and an off state, and when in the on state, the proton energy is increased to 350 MeV. The present invention also provides a corresponding imaging mode. The scanning device of the present invention increases the proton beam current energy from 235 MeV to 350 MeV and uses it on the treatment gantry, ensuring that the proton Bragg peak completely falls outside the human body, reducing the harm to healthy tissues and organs; directly obtaining the RSP value through proton CT technology, reducing the image guidance error and improving the range accuracy.