The invention relates to a process for co-producing bio-oil and biological carbon by utilizing
crop straws, comprising the following steps of: firstly, selecting alkali earth
metal halides or alkali as molten salts, and putting the molten salts into a
molten salt thermal pyrolysis reactor; secondly, opening an electrothermal furnace of the
molten salt thermal pyrolysis reactor; thirdly, sending the
crop straws into the
molten salt thermal pyrolysis reactor; fourthly, obtaining a
liquid product, i.e. the bio-oil by condensing a steam part generated by thermal
pyrolysis in the molten salt thermal
pyrolysis reactor, wherein a non-condensation part is a gaseous product; fifthly, regulating the temperature of the molten salt thermal
pyrolysis reactor to the
activation temperature, and cooling the molten salt thermal pyrolysis reactor to the
room temperature after activation is finished; and sixthly, taking out a
solid product after activation, soaking the
solid product by using 3mol / L hot
hydrochloride, and obtaining a
solid-state product, i.e. the biological carbon by soaking the
solid product by hot
distilled water. The invention also provides a special device for co-producing the bio-oil and the biological carbon by utilizing
crop straws. The invention has simple components and lowers the production cost.