80results about How to "Clear grain boundaries" patented technology

The invention relates to a nickel-chromium alloy metallographic corrosion solution and a corrosion method. The corrosion solution is a mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, glacial acetic acid and water in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1. The concrete steps include: (1) preparing the corrosion solution, firstly adding water into a container, then adding concentrated nitric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid and glacial acetic acid respectively, conducting stirring and then performing standing for 10-20min; (2) dripping the corrosion solution on the corrosion surface of a ground and polished nickel-chromium alloy metallographic sample, immersing the sample into the corrosion solution to a depth of 1-2mm, and controlling the corrosion time at 10s-10min; (3) flushing the sample surface with distilled water for more than 2min; and (4) flushing the sample surface with alcohol, and then wiping the sample surface with alcohol-carrying absorbent cotton. According to the invention, the corroded metallographic sample has obvious grain contrast and clear grain boundary line, and at the same time, the defects of under-corrosion and over-corrosion can be avoided. The corrosion solution can rapidly and efficiently corrode the metallographic structure of the sample.

The invention discloses a low-temperature sintered high-permeability NiCuZn ferrite material for a wire wound chip inductor and a preparation method of the ferrite material. The ferrite material comprises the following main components based on oxide content: 40.5 to 49.6 moles percent of Fe2O3, 30 to 47 moles percent of ZnO, 5 to 20 moles percent of CuO and the balance of NiO. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) mixing raw materials, (2) performing primary sanding, (3) performing primary spray drying and granulation, (4) pre-sintering, (5) adding trace elements, (6) performing secondary sanding, (7) performing secondary spray drying and granulation, (8) molding and (9) sintering. By adding auxiliary components such as NaCO3, B2O3, Ta2O5 and the like, the sintering temperature is greatly reduced, the sintering temperature is below 900 DEG C, the high-frequency electromagnetic performance of the material is greatly improved, the sintering density of the material is improved, the mechanical strength of the material is improved, and the manufacturing process requirement of the wire wound chip inductor is met; and on the other hand, energy is saved, and the producing and manufacturing costs are greatly reduced. The initial permeability of the material is 2,850; the specific loss coefficient of the material is less than 5.5*10<-6> under the test conditions of 100 kHz and 0.25mT; and the specific loss coefficient of the material is less than 25.6*10<-6> under the test conditions of 500 kHz and 0.25mT.

The invention relates to a high aluminum zinc alloy etching agent, which can be used for preparing the metallurgical sample of cast and solution treated high aluminum zinc alloy, and is especially suitable for the high aluminum zinc alloy modified by adding zirconium, rare earth and the like. The etching agent comprises hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, glacial acetic acid, picric acid, anhydrous ethanol and water. The corrosion method of the metallic phase of high aluminum zinc alloy using the etching agent is as follows: (1) corrosion, the high aluminum zinc alloy sample after grinding and polishing treatment is immersed in the etching agent at a temperature of 15-30 DEG C, is corroded for 3-15 seconds under the swing condition and taken out; (2) cleaning, the high aluminum zinc alloy sample taken out of the etching agent is immersed in the anhydrous ethanol, and is taken out after ultrasonic cleaning; and (3) drying, the cleaned high aluminum zinc alloy sample is dried by cold wind at room temperature. The metallurgical etching agent of the invention is adopted, so that the metallurgical structure grain boundary is clear, and a second phase is easy to distinguish; and the etching agent has the advantages of short corrosion time of the sample, simple preparation process of the etching agent and the like.

The invention relates to a metallurgical phase corrosive agent, in particular to a metallurgical phase corrosive agent suitable to be used for beta titanium alloy at the aging state. The corrosive agent comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 5 to 10 percent of hydrofluoric acid (the mass percentage concentration is 40 percent), 10 to 20 percent of nitric acid(the mass percentage concentration is 65 percent), 20 to 30 percent of ethanol(absolute ethyl alcohol) and the balance of water. By using the metallurgical phase corrosive agent, the metallurgical phase observing surface is smooth and bright, the crystal boundary of the metallurgical structure is clear, and the alpha phase, dispersively precipitated, or other precipitated phases can be easily identified, so that the metallurgical phase corrosive agent is particularly suitable to be used as the metallurgical phase corrosive agent of the beta titanium alloy at the aging state.

The invention relates to a NiCuZn ferrite material with high magnetic permeability and low-temperature sintering, whose main phase is a spinel structure, the compositions which are calculated through oxide content are that Fe2O3 is 41-52.8mol%, ZuO is 20-45mol%, and CuO is 1-14mol%, NiO is 2-15mol%. MoO3 and In2O3 are used as additive based on the above materials, MoO3: 0.15wt%-0.25wt% is added, and In2O3: 0.12wt%-0.45wt% is added. Ferrite blanks which are prepared are put in a furnace to be sintered, the sintering temperature is 910-950 DEG C, the sintering time is 6-20 hours, and the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours.

The invention discloses a corrosive for metallography, which is composed of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, acetone, acetic anhydride and water. With the inventive corrosive, the metallographic observation surface is bright, the grain boundary of metallurgical structure is clear, and the alpha phase or other phases precipitated by diffusion are easy to distinguish. The invention is particularly suitable for the use as a corrosive for approximate beta Ti alloys and metastable beta Ti alloys.

The invention discloses a metallographical corrosive liquid and a preparation method thereof and a 2205 duplex stainless steel metallographical display method. The metallographical corrosive liquid is composed of potassium metabisulfite, hydrochloric acid and distilled water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving potassium metabisulfite with distilled water at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C, then adding hydrochloric acid and uniformly stirring, so that the metallographical corrosive liquid is prepared. The 2205 duplex stainless steel metallographical display method comprises the following steps: polishing, cleaning and drying a 2205 duplex stainless steel sample, so that a sample to be detected is obtained; corroding for 10-20 minutes by adopting the metallographical corrosive liquid until the metallographical surface of the sample turns black, so that a sample for observation is obtained, and observing by adopting a metallographical microscope. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and characteristics that the corrosive liquid is simple to prepare and pollution-free; the preparation method is simple and rapid, and black ferrite crystal particles and white austenite crystal particle tissue can be observed more obviously.

The invention provides an austenitic stainless steel metallography corrosion agent with good erosion effect, and an austenitic stainless steel metallography display method. The corrosion agent has the advantages of simple preparation, convenient operation and small pollution, and the display method had the advantages of good stability and reappearance, and rapid, uniform and clear display of the microstructure. The display method comprises the following steps: mixing 1 part by volume of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65-68% with 3 parts by volume of hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 36-38%, 1.5-3 parts by volume of acetic acid with the mass concentration of 36% and 1 part by volume of hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 40% or more, slightly stirring by using a stirring bar for 20s, standing for 30min to prepare the corrosion agent; immersing a polished austenitic stainless steel sample in the corrosion agent, making the corrosion surface of the sample vertical to the surface of the corrosion agent during immersion, slightly stirring the sample, and allowing the sample to be immersed for 35-60s until the corrosion surface is argenteous; and taking out the immersed sample, flushing by using clear water, carrying out spray washing by using anhydrous ethanol, and carrying out blow drying to obtain the austenitic stainless steel structure to be observed.

The invention discloses a forging method capable of improving structure uniformity of a titanium alloy forging stock. Differential thermal analyzing is used for measuring the phase transformation temperature beta t of a titanium alloy blank to be forged; under the temperature from (beta t+100) DEG C to (beta t+150) DEG C, heat preservation is carried out for 4 hours to 6 hours, and the blank to beforged is forged into a square blank; the obtained square blank is subject to heat preservation for 2 hours to 4 hours at the temperature from (beta t-20) DEG C to (beta t-10) DEG C, second-heating forging is carried out, the obtained square blank is subject to free drawing until the deformation amount reaches 50% to 60% of the total deformation amount, and the square blank obtained after free drawing is obtained; the obtained square blank obtained after free drawing rotates by 45 degrees around the center axis of the length direction of the square blank, pressing is carried out, and the final square blank is obtained; and the macrostructure of the cross section of the forge blank obtained after machining is uniform, the grain boundary is clear, no special-shaped piebald defects exist, the microstructure is uniform and consistent, the whole is of a net basket structure or equal-axis structure, and the edge and heart structures have no difference.

The invention relates to a method for displaying the metallurgical structure of ultralow-carbon cold roll annealed interstitial-free steel, which belongs to the technical field of physical detection. The invention is used for realizing the aims of clear display and easy operation of the metallurgical structure of ultralow-carbon cold roll annealed interstitial-free steel. The method comprises the following steps: a. coarse grinding; b. polishing; c. erosion by a first reagent: eroding the polished sample in the first reagent for 10-20 seconds, wherein the first reagent is 5.5-6.5% nitric acid alcohol; d. erosion by a second reagent: eroding the sample in the second reagent immediately after taking out the sample from the first reagent, until the sample surface is evenly black, wherein the second reagent is prepared from 3-7g of sodium pyrosulfite, 9-12g of anhydrous sodium thiosulfate and 70-100ml of distilled water; and e. sample detection: wiping the sample with the first reagent to remove black on the surface, rinsing with alcohol, and blow-drying so that people can observe the sample. The method has the advantages of simpleness, simplified steps, easy master, resource conservation and high efficiency; the obtained structure has the advantages of clear grain boundary and no double grain boundary, and can properly reflect the annealing situation; and thus, the method is very suitable for field usage, and performs important functions on reasonably controlling technological parameters and ensuring product performance in the production field.

The invention provides a high-strength and fatigue-resistant titanium ring and a preparing method thereof. The high-strength and fatigue-resistant titanium ring is Ti-Al-Mo-V-Cr series alloy, wherein Ti alloy comprises a primary alpha phase of which the transverse-to-longitudinal ratio is 1-3. The preparing method specifically comprises: adopting sponge titanium, pure Al, pure Cr, Al-Mo intermediate alloy, Al-V intermediate alloy and Ti-Mo intermediate alloy as raw materials, pressing the materials into a consumable electrode under the condition that the purity is larger than 99%, and making a Ti-Al-Mo-V-Cr alloy ingot through the two-times smelting of a vacuum consumable electro-arc furnace; then, through cogging, deforming and repeated upsetting and drawing which are carried out at temperature lowered to 750-820DEG C, making a Ti ingot bar or plate after the accommodated deformation quantity is larger than 70%; after forging, rolling, heat treatment, levelling and machining, making a titanium plate; washing the titanium plate to remove dirt on the surface; then, engraving the grid surface of the titanium plate by using laser, and rolling the engraved titanium plate into the titanium ring by using a rolling machine; and finally carrying out washing and drying to obtain the high-strength and fatigue-resistant titanium ring.

The invention belongs to the fields of metal materials and metallurgy, aims to solve the problems that impurities of alloy are hard to separate, ingredients are nonuniform, the utilization rate of rare earth element is low, precipitated rare earth phases are nonuniform, the segregation is more, and effects for the quality is great by adopting the manner that alloying, rare earth process, and casting are conducted in a pot during a conventional manufacturing technology process, and provides a manufacturing technology for rare earth-magnesium alloy. According to the manufacturing technology, conducting adding, refining, and degassing with hexachloroethane degassing agent of alloy element in a melting pot; and pouring into a second pot after standing for 30 min, adding rare earth, and standing and casing. A manufactured bar material has uniform and stable metallographic structure and clear crystal boundary; the product is without pore, shrinkage cavity and cold shut, and the surface is smooth and without rugosity; the purity, ingredients, and equilibrium of physical properties of the product are guaranteed, the grain size of the alloy is refined, very stable dispersed phase is precipitated, and the rigidity and the decay resistance of texture are improved; therefore, product performances are allowed to be superior to an ordinary alloy standard.

The invention provides a processing method for crystal patterns of a titanium product. The processing method comprises the following steps that firstly, the titanium product is heat-treated under the vacuum condition; secondly, the heat-treated titanium product is polished; and thirdly, the polished titanium product is acid-pickled, and thus the titanium product with the crystal patterns is obtained. The processing method has the following effects that (1), the method comprises the three steps of heat treatment, polishing and acid pickling, the technical steps are simple, and industrial production is facilitated; (2) abnormally-thick titanium crystal grains (the size of each crystal grain can reach 1-5 mm) are obtained through heat treatment firstly, then the crystal boundaries are corroded through the polishing and acid pickling technique, so that the grain boundaries among the crystal grains are clear and visible to naked eyes, the naked eyes can see the crystal patterns with metal luster through observation, and the product yield rate is high; and (3) technical parameters in the processing process are convenient to control, reagents are easy to obtain, and the processing cost is low.

The invention relates a (Ba<x>Ca<1-x>)(Ti<y>M<1-y>)O3 system piezoelectric ceramic material and a preparation method thereof. The piezoelectric ceramic material can be represented by the following general formula: (Ba<x>Ca<1-x>)(Ti<y>M<1-y>)O3, wherein M is one of Zr or Sn, 0<=x<=1 and 0<=y<=1. In the invention, a ceramic sample is prepared through a method of combination of liquid-phase mixing and solid-phase sintering. By means of the method, the raw materials can be mixed more uniformly. The prepared ceramic sample is more uniform in crystal grain size, is clear in crystal boundary and is uniform and compact in structure. The ceramic sample is better in piezoelectric performances and electrostrictive strain than those of a sample prepared through a conventional solid phase method.

The invention provides a metallographic corrosion solution and a use method thereof, relates to a corrosion solution for metallographic analysis, and particularly relates to a metallographic corrosionsolution of a C276 corrosion resistant alloy and a use method thereof. The metallographic corrosion solution is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2-2.5g of ferric trichloride, 1.0-1.5g of barium chloride, 20-25ml of glacial acetic acid, 70-75ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and 20-25ml of concentrated nitric acid. The metallographic corrosion solution is applicable to metallographic corrosion of a C276 corrosion resistant alloy board and capable of clearly showing a metallographic structure of a C276 corrosion resistant alloy sample, and thus clearphase boundary and grain boundary can be realized; the particle size can be conveniently determined and the structure in crystal grains can be conveniently observed during scientific research and production, thus the technical parameters of each process can be adjusted, and the foundation is provided to determine the product quality.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high coercive force and high corrosion resistance, and belongs to the technical field of a magnetic material. The method comprises the steps of adding dysprosium zinc nano powder of which the mean grain size is 1-10 microns to neodymium iron boron powder with the grain size of 3-5 microns and evenly mixing, wherein the adding amount is 0.3-3.0%, and then orienting, pressing and molding in 1.8T magnetic field; putting in a vacuum sintering furnace, then heating and sintering at 1000-1100 DEG C for 3-5 hours, and finally carrying out thermal treatment by two levels, wherein the primary thermal treatment temperature is 850-950 DEG C; the time is 1-3 hours; the secondary thermal treatment temperature is 460-600 DEG C, and the time is 1-3 hours, finally obtaining the sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high coercive force and high corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance of the magnetic body is greatly improved when the coercive force of the magnetic body is obviously improved, and the rare earth content is also reduced.

A process for preparing the polished ceramic tile includes such steps as providing raw materials, shaping, calcining and polishing. It features that said raw materials including at least one fine powder (10-70 wt%) and at least one granular material (30-90 wt.%), which have different colors and mass feelings after calcined and polished.

The invention relates to a corrosion method of a 5xxx series Al-Mg alloy grain boundary, which mainly comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a corrosion liquid which comprises the following components: 80-110 mL, 15-20 mL, 0.5-3.5 mL of HF, 0.5-3 mL of HCl and 2-5 g of HCl; 2, embedding an aluminum alloy sample; 3, polishing the embedded samples sequentially with abrasive paper from low meshes to high meshes; 4, polishing the ground sample; 5, cleaning the polished sample with absolute ethyl alcohol; 6, corroding the sample for 60-90 seconds by using the prepared corrosive liquid; and 7, after corrosion patterns appear on the surface of the sample, cleaning the sample with absolute ethyl alcohol and carrying out drying treatment. After the method is used for corroding the 5xxx series Al-Mg alloy, the grain boundary of the alloy can be clearly observed, and the method is low in equipment requirement, simple in operation step, capable of saving cost, good in stability and suitable for researching the grain morphology, the grain size, the microstructure performance and the like of the Al-Mg alloy.

The invention provides a metallographic corrosive agent for double-phase medium manganese steel and a metallographic structure display method. The metallographic corrosive is a mixed solution formed by copper chloride dihydrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid, absolute ethyl alcohol, sodium chloride, concentrated sulfuric acid and water. The metallographic structure display method comprises the following steps: providing a double-phase medium manganese steel sample; manually grinding and mechanically polishing the double-phase medium manganese steel sample; immersing the polished medium manganese steel sample in a metallographic corrosive at the temperature of 20 to 30 DEG C, slightly rotating and stirring, corroding for 10 to 20 s and then taking out; and cleaning the corroded medium manganese steel sample with detergent, alcohol and clear water sequentially and blow-drying, and carrying out observation through a metallographic microscope. The metallographic corrosive is simple in preparation method and convenient to use, the corrosion effect is good through the method, and the austenite ferritic structure effect of the two-phase medium manganese steel material can be clearly analyzed.

The invention discloses a TWIP (twinning induced plasticity) steel metallographic phase specimen preparation agent. The TWIP steel metallographic phase specimen preparation agent comprises an aggressive agent and a cleaning agent, wherein the aggressive agent is a mixed solution of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and alcohol in volume ratio of (1-3):(0.2-0.5):100; the cleaning agent is hydrochloric acid solution in a volume ratio of (0.1-0.4):100. Polished metallographic phase grinding surface is dipped in the aggressive agent to keep for 40-80s; after the specimen is taken out, the specimen is directly put into a flask containing the cleaning agent; the specimen is put in a supersonic cleaner to oscillate and clean for 60-80s; the specimen is taken out and is cleaned for 20-40s in warm water with the temperature of 50-70 DEG C; and after the specimen is blown to be dry, an metallographic phase observation can be performed.

The invention discloses a rapid rock crystal structure modeling method based on particle cluster substitution, which comprises the following steps: firstly, specifying a model area in PFC (Power Factor Correction) software, establishing a boundary wall of a rock sample, analyzing and setting different put particle groups according to the crystal grain components of the sample, and endowing attribute parameters of a wall body and particles; generating particle clusters by adopting small balls with the radius reduced in equal proportion relative to the radius of original particles to replace theoriginal particles, compressing the particle clusters according to a certain proportion, and then deleting the original particles; after the particle clusters are generated, assigning attribute parameters of the particle clusters, and expanding the particle clusters into a crystal structure through expansion among particles; and finally, grouping the materials according to a contact identification method, and endowing corresponding contact model parameters to finish modeling. Compared with an existing method, rapid modeling of the rock crystal microstructure is achieved through the self-compiled FISH language function, the method is popularized to the three-dimensional space, and the method conforms to the physical process of rock crystal structure formation.