The invention relates to a water-based thin coating type diatom mud, including deionized water, cellulose, antifreeze agent, defoamer, wetting agent, multifunctional auxiliary agent, dispersant, negative ion slurry, titanium dioxide, kaolin 4000 mesh , Talc powder 1250 mesh, heavy calcium 1250 mesh, multifunctional polymer powder, diatomite 800 mesh, sepiolite, inorganic composite gel, emulsion f208, film-forming aid, defoamer, preservative, antifungal agent, Thickener ase‑60 and thickener 180. The invention is a wall material integrating environmental protection and functionality. It has the functions of heat preservation and heat insulation, and can save electricity and heating costs for houses decorated with it. The energy saving standard reaches more than 80%. The coating surface not only No blistering, shedding, obvious discoloration, etc. It also has the advantages of tensile resistance, fracture resistance, noise resistance, acid and alkali resistance, water resistance, aging resistance, chalking resistance, discoloration resistance and formaldehyde purification.