The invention belongs to the technical field of
sodium secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a
sodium battery electrolyte and a
sodium metal / negative-
electrode-free sodium battery, the sodium
battery electrolyte comprises the following components: a
sodium salt and an
ether solvent; the
ether solvent is a multi-chain
ether solvent or a
cyclic ether solvent; wherein the multi-chain
ether solvent is chain ether containing a branched chain; according to the invention, the multi-chain
ether solvent or the
cyclic ether solvent is introduced, and the ability of the multi-chain
ether solvent or the
cyclic ether solvent to form a multipoint coordination configuration with sodium ions can be hindered on the basis that branched chains in the multi-chain ether and a cyclic structure of the cyclic ether have a relatively large steric hindrance effect, so that the dissociation degree of the
sodium salt is slightly reduced, and the dissociation efficiency of the
sodium salt is improved. According to the present invention, the sodium
ion desolvation difficulty is significantly reduced, the sodium
ion rapid
desolvation is achieved, and particularly the
desolvation advantage in the low temperature environment of-70-60 DEG C is significant, such that the efficient reversible deposition-stripping of the sodium
metal at the low temperature is achieved, the formation of the sodium
dendrite is avoided, and the application of the sodium
metal battery under different environmental conditions is improved.