The invention discloses a method of induced differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes, which includes: choosing and inoculating third-generation bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into a cell culture flask according to a concentration of 1 multiplied by 106mL<-1>, and after the cells attaching to a wall grow until cell density reaches 80 percent, adding different concentrations of oleic acid as inducers; according to a volume proportion of 10 percent, adding fetal bovine serum into a basic culture medium DMEM (Dulbecco modified Eagle medium), and respectively adding 25mM of oleic acid, 50mM of oleic acid, 100mM of oleic acid and 200mM of oleic acid as induction culture media for forming adipocytes; replacing the solution once every three days, and with a cell culture flask without a induction culture solution as a control, performing oil red O staining assay after 3 weeks. According to the method, different concentrations of oleic acid can be used to directly induce adipocytes, a novel induction method is established, the configuration of the method is simpler, the induction speed is high, and the induction rate is high. In addition, the method can be used for inducing adipocytes of different sizes and researching the functional differences of the adipocytes of different sizes.