The invention discloses a self-adjustable dust-proof device for a construction site. The device comprises a dust removal enclosure body, wherein a working cavity is arranged in the dust removal enclosure body, the upper side inner wall of the working cavity is rotatably connected with a first transmission shaft extending upward to the outside, the first transmission shaft is provided with a wind force detection assembly, and the working cavity is internally provided with a dust removal assembly. The device adopts the wind force detection assembly, control over the distance of rightward movement of a conductive sliding block can be realized according to the wind speed and the wind direction, thereby controlling magnetic force of an electromagnet, a friction wheel and an adjustment frictionwheel are adopted, through the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the friction wheel and the adjustment friction wheel are controlled to be frictionally connected at different radius positions, finally, orientation of an atomization spray nozzle is controlled through a toothed sliding block, a first gear, and a support pipe, and the problem that water mist is blown outside a building enclosure when wind is strong due to an elevation angle of the atomization spray nozzle.