The invention provides prefabricated panels, which comprise the following raw materials of: cement, coal ash, an aggregate of a heat-insulating material, a stone-forming agent and water, wherein a mass ratio of the cement to the coal ash is (2.0-3.5):1.0, a mass ratio of the water to the cement and the coal ash is (1.0-1.2):1.0, and a mass ratio of the cement and the coal ash to the aggregate of the heat-insulating material is (2.0-3.0):1.0; the stone-forming agent is a polymer and comprises the following components of: alkane sulfonate, dodecanol, starch, cellulose sodium, gypsum and sodium sulfate, and a mass ratio of the cement and the coal ash to the stone-forming agent is 1.0:(0.03-0.05). The prefabricated panels have high bearing capacity, good properties of heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention, sound insulation, leakage resistance and corrosion prevention, the explosion relief property, and the advantages of high processability, capability of being sawn, nailed, drilled, coated and bonded, no pollution and zero discharge; and the panels do not have steel frames, so a 'cold bridge' effect is avoided, and the higher requirement of the buildings can be met.