The invention discloses an application of a hemispherical Luneberg lens antenna, such as the application in satellite communication. The hemispherical Luneberg lens antenna is a hemisphere with radiusR and is designed to include n concentric layers, and the average dielectric constant epsilon(i) of the ith concentric layer is equal to 2-(ri / R)<2>, wherein n is an integer not less than 3, r1 is the radius of the center layer, rn=R, ri is the radius of the ith concentric layer, 1<=i<=n, and a cavity is distributed in at least one of the n concentric layers. The shape, size and distribution of the cavity structure of the hemispherical Luneberg lens antenna are adjustable and controllable. The average dielectric constant of the concentric layers can be precisely controlled. Different design requirements can be met. The hemispherical Luneberg lens antenna has a wide range of application. Moreover, there are a variety of materials which can be used, the production process is simple, the rate of finished products is high, there is no interlayer gap, and the product quality is more stable and reliable.