The invention relates to a low-pressure diffusion process applied to polycrystalline black silicon solar cells, which comprises the following steps: (1) allowing a silicon wafer to entering a tube; (2) performing constant temperature processing; (3) performing low temperature oxidation, generating a thin oxide layer on a surface of the silicon wafer to make the subsequent phosphorus source deposition more uniform; (4) performing low temperature deposition, uniformly depositing a phosphorus source on the surface of the silicon wafer; (5) performing high temperature propulsion, allowing the phosphorus source to diffuse into the silicon wafer, wherein during high temperature propulsion, the temperature is 820-850 DEG C, the nitrogen flow rate is 1000-3000sccm, the dry oxygen is 0-1000sccm, the furnace pressure is 50-150mbar, and the time is 10-20 minutes; (6) performing secondary diffusion, wherein during the secondary diffusion, the temperature is 800-850 DEG C, the nitrogen flow rate is1000-3000sccm, the source nitrogen is 0-400sccm, the dry oxygen is 0-1000sccm, the furnace pressure is 50-150mbar, the time is 2-10 minutes; (7) performing cooling; (8) performing nitrogen filling, allowing the pressure inside the pipe to reach the atmospheric pressure so that a furnace door is opened; and (9) performing discharging. The present invention improves the uniformity of the square resistance after diffusion of polycrystalline black silicon.