The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-energy composite biomass fuel and a preparation method thereof. The environment-friendly high-energy composite biomass fuel contains the ingredients in parts by dry weight: 25-35 parts of agriculture and forestry wastes, 15-25 parts of domestic garbage, 15-25 parts of sludge, 15-25 parts of manure, 15-25 parts of coal powder, 15-25 parts of waste tire rubber particles and 2-10 parts of combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is prepared from dolomite powder, black shale powder, serpentine powder, urea, potassium nitrate, red mud, calcium peroxide, manganese oxide, strontium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, cerium oxide and boric sludge. The environment-friendly high-energy composite biomass fuel disclosed by the invention is suitable for long-term storage and is free from odor generation. According to the environment-friendly high-energy composite biomass fuel disclosed by the invention, the combustion temperature is high and can reach 1,350-1,400 DEG C, and the combustion efficiency is increased by about 35% compared with that of ordinary biomass fuels; the calorific value can reach 4,900-5,300 kilo-calories per kilogram, and the environment-friendly high-energy composite biomass fuel per ton is equivalent to 0.7 ton of standard coal; combustion exhaust gases all meet relevant national provisions , the desulfurization ratio can reach 98%, and the denitrification ratio can reach 95%.