The invention discloses a high-strength corrosion-resistant copper alloy and a preparation method thereof. The high-strength corrosion-resistant copper alloy comprises 4.0 to 10.0 wt% of Al, 1.0 to 4.0 wt% of Fe, 1.0 to 4.5 wt% of Mn, 0.8 to 3.5 wt% of Ni, 0.08 to 0.5 wt% of Cr, 0.001 to 0.05 wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.15 wt% of inevitable impurities in total, and the balance of Cu. By adjusting the contents of the Fe, Ni, Cr and P elements, optimizing the processing technology and the heat treatment technology, controlling the composition of a matrix, the grain size and the fine dispersed distribution of a strengthening phase, the effects of all alloy elements are fully exerted, the mechanical property, machinability and corrosion resistance of the alloy are remarkably improved, and the performance of the alloy can be comprehensively improved through thermomechanical treatment. The tensile strength of an annealed material is 560 MPa or above, the yield strength is 330 MPa or above, the yield ratio is 0.55 or above, the ductility is 42% or above, the total immersion uniform corrosion rate is 0.01-0.02 mm/a, and the erosion corrosion rate is 0.2 mm/a or below under the seawater condition with the flow speed being 5 m/s. The alloy can meet the requirements of ocean engineering, ships, petrochemical engineering and the like on the comprehensive performance of the aluminum bronze.