The invention discloses a riverway environment restoration structure. The riverway environment restoration structure comprises a vertical cylinder, an impurity removing mechanism is arranged below the vertical cylinder, the impurity removing mechanism comprises a vertical tube, a machine box, a rotating rod, a circular plate, a water pumping box, a water discharging pipe, a filter cylinder, a groove block and a protruding rod, and the vertical tube is located at the bottom end of the vertical cylinder. According to the riverway environment restoration structure, through cooperation of the vertical cylinder and the impurity removing mechanism, the rotating rod can rotate to provide moving kinetic energy for the water pumping tank, the top end of the vertical cylinder can generate suction force to suck in floating objects floating on the water surface of a riverway, the filter cylinder can filter the sucked floating objects, reciprocating shuttling above the riverway is not needed, and the floating objects above the riverway can automatically flow into the vertical cylinder under the action of the water flow generating suction force, so that the energy consumption for removing the floating objects above the riverway is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the practical performance is improved.