99results about How to "Improve ventilation and water permeability" patented technology

The invention relates to a charcoal-based organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The charcoal-based organic fertilizer has the advantages of low cost, environment friendliness, good fertilizer efficiency, wide application range, high fertilizer efficiency utilization rate and pest prevention. The preparation method comprises the steps as follows: adding starter cultures to chicken manure and soybean meal respectively for fermentation, after drying, crushing and mixing crop-residue-derived carbon, the treated chicken manure and soybean meal with ground phosphate rock, adding wood vinegar to the mixture with stirring, performing granulation, and obtaining the charcoal-based organic fertilizer after cooling and drying.

The invention discloses a nutrient regulation and control agent for reducing the lead and cadmium content of leaf vegetables, which comprises the following substances in percentage by weight: 18%-24% of sodium silicate, 16%-20% of calcium carbonate, 9%-12% of magnesium sulfate, 22%-30% of urea, 9%-11% of diammonium phosphate and 16%-21% of potassium sulfate. The using method of the nutrient regulation and control agent comprises the following steps: before planting the vegetable, uniformly mixing the sodium silicate, calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate to obtain a mixture; base-applying all of the mixture, 20-60 kg per mu; turning over and harrowing uniformly so that the regulation and control agent and the polluted soil are uniformly mixed and seeding or transplanting can be performed; or base-applying half of the mixture, and uniformly dispersing the other half of the mixture into the soil after final singling of seedlings; and loosening the soil and sprinkling water. The regulation and control agent of the embodiment of the invention reduces the bioactivity of heavy metals in the soil, reduces absorption of the heavy metals of the leaf vegetable and improves the soil fertility.

The invention relates to an integrally-cast cement pervious concrete ecological protection slope and a construction method thereof. In the invention, a protected slope becomes an integral rigid structure by carrying out in-site casting on a slope required to be protected with macropore pervious cement concrete; an ecological mixing basic layer is slightly spraying on the surface of a pervious cement concrete protecting layer; seeds germinate, grow and can penetrate through a pervious cement concrete protection slope structural layer; and long root-system plants are selected and used to ensure that a pervious cement concrete protection slope is connected with a clay layer of a slope surface substrate together by root systems of vegetation covers. Compared with the prior art, the ecological slope obtained by construction in the invention has the advantages of stable structure, excellent ventilating performance and permeable performance, simpleness and quickness in construction, strong capabilities of water conservation and soil reinforcement, favorable protection effect of the vegetation covers and the like.

The invention relates to an agricultural organic fertilizer, and specifically relates to a microbial organic manure and preparation method thereof. The microbial organic manure comprises a microbial organic fertilizer and an absorption microbial fertilizer. Wherein, the proportion of the absorption microbial fertilizer to the microbial organic fertilizer is 5%-10% by mass. According to the invention, microbes are utilized to accelerate the decomposition of raw materials and kill harmful pathogenic bacteria in livestock and poultry dungs. When the manure of the invention is spread into soil, the bacterial strains in the manure reproduce rapidly so that the nutrient potential of the environment can be brought into full play. In addition, lots of fresh humus generated in fermentation can improve the soil, improve fertilizer conservation and supply capability as well as ventilation and water permeability of the soil, stimulate plant growth, and strengthen plant nutrient supply and diseaseresistance of crops.

The invention discloses a method for preparing mineral organic fertilizer by using surplus sludge in municipal sewage plants. The method mainly comprises the following three steps: firstly reducing sludge in a sludge thickening tank, dehydrating the reduced sludge by adopting a catalytic ozonation method, carrying out subcritical water reaction on the dehydrated sludge, and discharging solids subjected to harmless treatment; finally mixing modified attapulgite clay with the sludge subjected to harmless treatment, chicken manure and microorganism beneficial microbial agents, and fermenting the mixture to obtain the mineral ecological organic fertilizer. The method is green and environment-friendly and realizes the harmless and resourceful treatment of the sludge; the obtained mineral organic fertilizer is capable of obviously improving the structure of soil, enabling the volume-weight of soil to be reduced, the holes of soil to be increased and the ventilation and water permeability of the soil to become good and adjusting the uniform growth of crops and has a good controlled release effect, thus the quality of the crops is improved.

The invention discloses a soilless plant cultivation substrate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the cultivation substrate disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing agricultural and forestry waste, water, a fermentation catalyst, a fermentation fungicide, bamboo vinegar and/or pyroligneous liquor to carry out fermentation treatment for the first time to prepare a first fermentation substrate; and then, adding the fermentation catalyst, the water, the bamboo vinegar and/or the pyroligneous liquor into the first fermentation substrate to carry out fermentation treatment for the second time to obtain the soilless plant cultivation substrate, wherein the fermentation catalyst comprises rhamnolipid. The plant cultivation substrate prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is balanced in nutrition, high in nutritional ingredient content, reasonable in structure, stable in physical property and convenient for being absorbed by plants, satisfies plant growth needs, improves survival rate for plant cultivation and ornamental effect.

The invention relates to a functional fertilizer for regulating a micro-ecological environment of soil. 50-80% of nanometer dolomite dust, 5%-15% of sugar alcohol, 5%-15% of potassium metasilicate, 5-10% of charcoal and 5%-10% of biochemical potassium fulvic acid are utilized to prepare the functional fertilizer according to the following steps: A) preparing raw materials; B) preparing nanometer dolomite dust; C) preparing a sugar alcohol water solution; D) chelating nutrients; E) pelleting for the first time; F) pelleting for the second time; G) drying. The functional fertilizer can be used for improving soil hardening, regulating soil PH and regulating soil acidification; the functional fertilizer can be used for supplementing organic matters and various medium trace elements for the soil, regulating the saturability of soil base, cation exchange capacity and nutrient balance, reducing aluminum and manganese toxicity damage and improving soil salinization; the functional fertilizer can be used for absorbing passivated heavy metal and repairing soil heavy metal pollution; the functional fertilizer also is capable of creating an excellent living environment for soil beneficial microorganisms, boosting the growth and reproduction of the microorganisms and recovering the excellent micro-ecological environment of soil.

The invention relates to the technical field of planting of dendrobium candidum, in particular to mildewproof and anticorrosion type dendrobium candidum culture soil and a preparation method thereof. The mildewproof and anticorrosion type dendrobium candidum culture soil is prepared from 50%-60% of volcanic eruptive stone, 10%-20% of garden soil, 10%-15% of sandy soil, 5%-10% of camphor tree bark powder, 3%-5% of common fenugreek seed powder, 5%-8% of brick crumbs, 3%-5% of charcoal, 5%-10% of rice chaff ash and 5%-10% of alcohol marsh mud. The raw materials are mixed, and the culture soil is prepared through the steps of pretreatment, pH value adjusting and the like. The culture soil which is prepared through the raw materials according to the proportions is good in air permeability and water permeability and significant in mildewproof and anticorrosion effect, the planting survival rate of the dendrobium candidum is increased, the planting cost of growers is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.

The invention discloses a technique of co-processing ecological type rural sewage water and rural organic solid waste. The process comprises that first adjusting supernatant fluid of an anaerobic tank and other sewage water, treating the adjusted sewage water through a tower earthworm ecological filtering tank to reach the national emission standard and blend and anaerobic ferment the lower deposits of the anaerobic tank and the rural organic solid waste in an anaerobic biogas reactor to produce biogas. The produced biogas is utilized as energy resource, the discharged methane residue is utilized as organic fertilizer or fertilizer of breeding earthworm, the obtained earthworm can also be used to adjust the purity of the post-sewage. The invention proceeds ecological and low cost treatment of the rural sewage water and rural organic solid waste via the combined action of the animal and the microorganism, simultaneously, the produced clean biogas and organic fertilizer have multiple functions of improving rural environmental quality, obtaining clean energy resource and simultaneously treating rural sewage water and rural organic solid waste.

The invention discloses a Chinese chestnut summer truffle mycorrhizal seedling culture method based on the symbiotic relation. The method specifically includes the following steps that semi-aseptic seedlings are cultured, and Chinese chestnut semi-aseptic seedlings are obtained through preparation; an inoculation solution and an inoculation matrix are prepared, and seedling culture trays are prepared; summer truffle inoculation treatment is performed; post-inoculation management is performed; the humidity of the matrix is controlled, proper ventilation is performed, and a certain temperature and a certain air humidity are kept; mycorrhizae are checked and planted outdoors. According to the culture method, the mycorrhizal seedlings can increase the survival rate of afforestation of Chinese chestnut trees; the mycorrhizae can increase the absorption area of root systems of the Chinese chestnut trees, promote growth and development of the Chinese chestnut trees and increase the yield of Chinese chestnuts; the Chinese chestnut summer truffle mycorrhizal seedlings achieve the overground and underground joint earnings, increase the utilization rate of land and increase the economic benefit per unit land area.

The invention discloses a soilless plant culturing medium and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the steps of: uniformly mixing forestry and agricultural wastes, water, a fermentation conditioner, a fermentation inoculant, and bamboo vinegar liquid and/or wood vinegar liquid to perform primary fermentation to obtain a first fermentation substrate; adding the fermentation conditioner, water and the bamboo vinegar liquid and/or wood vinegar liquid to perform secondary fermentation. The fermentation conditioner includes [beta]-cyclodextrin, sawdust and bottom mud from fish pool. The plant culturing medium has balanced nutrients, is high in content of the nutrients, has reasonable structure and stable physical characters, is convenient to absorb by plants, satisfies demand of growth of plants, and improves survival rate and ornamental effect of plants.

The invention discloses a liquid fertilizer for resisting drought and preserving moisture and fertility, belongs to the technical field of fertilizer. Each 1L of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: 60-90 g of fulvic acid, 50-80 g of a nitrogenous fertilizer (counted by N), 100-120 g of a phosphatic fertilizer (counted by P2O5), 50-80 g of a potash fertilizer (counted by K2O), 5-8 g of microelement and the balance of water; the corresponding preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the nitrogenous fertilizer, the potash fertilizer, the phosphatic fertilizer and the fulvic acid into water, stirring for dissolving, adding the microelement, stirring for dissolving, diluting with water to 1 L, uniformly stirring, and filling to obtain the liquid fertilizer. According to the liquid fertilizer provided by the invention, fulvic acid, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphatic fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the microelement in the chelating state are mixed for dissolving to form the chelated liquid fertilizer that is nutritionally balanced, better in fluidity, and stable and uniform; besides, after application of the liquid fertilizer in soil, both the water-holding capacity and the degree of porosity are improved, the growth of roots of crops in soil is promoted, and the yield-increasing effect of crops is good.

The invention relates to a garden plant compound planting soil which is basically mixed from the following components by volume: 20 to 30 parts of soil, 40 to 50 parts of sand, 20 to 30 parts of turf and 4 to 6 parts of organic fertilizer, wherein 0.4 to 0.6 kilogram of gypse is added corresponding to soil per cubic meter. Optionally, moderate water can be added during the component mixing process to promote the adsorption among components and the homogenization of the product. The planting soil has better broad spectrum property, is suitable for most garden plant planting, has better hydrophobic property, water conservation property and fertilizer maintenance property, is all-sided in nutrient and moderate in proportion, can promote the growth of the plant, and has obvious improvement on aspects of plant growth vigour, blooming period, plant stress resistance, root system and the like compared with the conventional interstitial substance and planting soil.

The invention discloses a method of planting sunflower in saline-alkaline land. The method includes following steps: selecting the saline-alkaline land with salt content of soil being 0.2-0.4%; performing closed treatment on the saline-alkaline land to be sowed; selecting a sunflower variety high in salinity and alkali resistance, developed in root system and less prone to lodging; paving films and seeding; seeding before 10th June for spring seeding; timely draining seedling water after seeding; timely performing final singling and intertilling; assisting in pollination during flowering. By utilizing the method, sunflower in the saline-alkaline land is enabled to grow normally and mature normally and to obtain high yield.

The invention provides a GO/Mn modified corncob charcoal organic fertilizer, a preparation method and an application thereof and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials: 20-30 parts of modified corncob charcoal, 25-45 parts of rotten bean cake residue, 10-15 parts of ferment residue, 10-15 parts of fishbone dust, 5-7 parts of biologic humic acid, 3-5 parts of molasses, 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis compost leavening agent and 0.15-0.3 part of cellulase. The modified corncob charcoal is modified with graphene oxide and Mn. The rotten bean cake residue is prepared by naturally fermenting bean cake residue in rhodotorula mucilaginosa OP11 strain with preservation number of CGMCC No.13540. When the organic fertilizer is applied to corn planting, organic content of soil can be supplemented, water and nutrition can be effectively preserved and soil fertility can be promoted. The GO/Mn modified corncob charcoal organic fertilizer is an ideal organic fertilizer and is capable of achieving the effects of reducing fertilizer and preserving fertilizer.

The invention discloses modified biochar, a biochar-based organic fertilizer and a preparation method of the biochar-based organic fertilizer. The modified biochar is prepared through the following steps: S1, carrying out steam explosion smashing on Chinese wolfberry branches, and then mixing with shell powder, carrying out pyrolysis for 2-3 h at the temperature of 600-700 DEG C under nitrogen protection, and thus obtaining mixed biochar; and S2, ultrasonically dispersing the mixed biochar in water with the amount 20 times that of the mixed biochar, adding a proper amount of beta-cyclodextrin-polyglutamic acid, ultrasonically dispersing for 10 minutes, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, drying and grinding to obtain the modified biochar. The mode that flaky granules are wrapped by degradable water-absorbing fiber bundles is adopted, slow release of nutrient substances is further achieved, the degradable water-absorbing fibers and the flaky granules gradually absorb water to expand to maintain soil moisture and activate soil in a humid environment, meanwhile, nutrient ingredients are provided, the soil is improved, and the utilization rate of the nutritional ingredients is greatly improved.

The invention provides modified biochar, a biochar-based organic fertilizer, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving peach wood residues; mixing the obtained peach wood residue powder with graphene oxide, and pyrolyzing the mixturefor 2-3 hours at 550-600 DEG C under the protection of nitrogen; soaking the pyrolyzed product with a potassium permanganate solution, pyrolyzing the product again for 0.4-0.6 h at 550-600 DEG C; andwater-washing the pyrolysis product to remove impurities. The biochar-based organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of the modified biochar, 60-80 parts of cow dung, 15-25 parts of decomposed distiller grain, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, 6-8 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 4-6 parts of beet molasses, 3-5 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa fermenting agent and 0.08-0.12 part of compound cellulase. The biochar-based organic fertilizer has the effects of land nourishing and yield increasing. The method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low cost and advanced process, and can implement large-scale production.

A processing method of a snack food of Chinese chestnut is provided. The processing method comprises the following steps: taking fresh Chinese chestnut from Qianxi, grading and screening fresh Chinese chestnut fruits, and singling out fruits with wormholes, mildewed and rotten fruits, and impurities; manually cutting surfaces of the fresh Chinese chestnut fruits, stir-baking the cut fresh Chinese chestnut fruits in a wok, removing shells and endothelia of the Chinese chestnut fruits, and impurities, singling out non-standard Chinese chestnut kernels, carrying out quality inspection, rinsing with clear water, removing the shells and the endothelia of the Chinese chestnut fruits, and impurities, and draining remained Chinese chestnut kernels; quick-freezing the drained Chinese chestnut kernels in a -38DEG C cold storage; and roasting or frying the well quick-frozen Chinese chestnut kernels to prepare the snack food of Chinese chestnut. Above quick-freezing manner adopted in the invention makes nutritional components of Chinese chestnut be effectively reserved, and the processing of Chinese chestnut to the snack food has the advantages of simple processing method, no loss of the nutritional components, delicacy, and improvement of the grade and the nutritional components of Chinese chestnut. So a new edible use of Chinese chestnut is developed.

The present invention discloses a material easy for lifting seedling from flowerpots and planting and seedling lifting methods. Permeable and breathable cloth or a substrate bag or a potted plant substrate package is put at the inner bottom and side wall of a pot substrate region to conduct pot culture; or one or multiple corrosion resistant ropes or belts or racks are firstly placed at the bottom center or near the center of the pot substrate region and both ends of the ropes or the belts or the racks extend to the inner side wall of the pot substrate region to the upper edge or the near upper edge of a pot body, and then a cultivation substrate is placed into the pot substrate region to conduct the pot culture; or the permeable and breathable cloth or the substrate bag or the potted plant substrate package are further attached or fixed on the ropes or belts or racks. After the completion of the cultivation, the cloth exposed outside the upper edge of the pot body is arranged and folded along the upper edge of the pot body or along the direction slightly lower than the upper edge of the pot body, and then stuffed into the inner side wall of the pot body, trimmed, covered on the upper surface of the substrate or rolled in the upper edge of the pot body. For those flowerpots with the ropes or belts or racks, the ropes or belts or racks exposed outside are covered inside the substrate or the side wall of the pot body. The material can solve a problem that the seedlings are difficult to lift.

The invention discloses a mineral source culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The mineral source culture medium comprises organic host materials (coco coir, peat soil and humic acid), inorganic mineral materials (yellow phosphorus slag, phosphate tailings and perlite), controlled release fertilizer and the like which are adopted as main ingredients. The mineral source culture medium isprepared from, by volume, 40% of coco coir, 30% of peat soil, 20% of perlite, 10% of humic acid, 5% of yellow phosphorus slag, 5% of phosphate tailings and 2g/L controlled release fertilizer (14-14-14). The organic matter host material and the inorganic host material can mutually make up the deficiency of the physical and chemical properties of a single medium, and the physical and chemical properties of the culture medium are improved. According to the organic and inorganic composite medium, the deficiency of the single medium can be overcome, the solid waste yellow phosphorus slag and phosphate tailings generated in the phosphorite processing process can be fully utilized, meanwhile, the use amount of the peat soil in the culture medium is reduced, the production cost of the culture medium is reduced, and obvious economic benefits and environmental ecological benefits are achieved.

The invention relates to prepared raw soil prepared with organic wet garbage. The prepared raw soil is basically prepared from, by volume, 30-40 parts of soil, 30-40 parts of organic wet garbage compost and 20-40 parts of kieselguhr, and is formed by mixing the raw materials, wherein 20 g-50 g of amino acid, 300 g-600 g of zeolite powder, 400 g-500 g of polyvinyl alcohol and the like are added corresponding to soil of per cubic meter. Optionally, a proper amount of is added in the component mixing process to promote adsorption between all components and homogenization of a product. The prepared raw soil has the better broad spectrum, is suitable for planting of most landscape plants, and has the better hydrophobicity, water-retaining property and fertilizer maintenance property, nutrientsare comprehensive, the proportion is moderate, growth of plants can be promoted, and compared with a traditional medium and planting oil, the aspects of the plant growth vigor, the flowering phase, the plant adverse resistance, the roots and the like are obviously improved through the prepared raw soil.

The invention discloses an organic titanium calcium fertilizer which is prepared by taking the following materials in proportion: 800-1200ml distilled water, 5-100g organic titanium chelate, 40-200g glucose, 0-80g humic acid, 900-1600g calcium acetate and 300-1000g EDDHA chelant. A preparation method thereof comprises the following steps: 1) adding all components in proportion into distilled water, and stirring, thereby obtaining a uniform solution; 2) heating the solution at 40-65 DEG C for 1-2 hours; 3) reacting for 2-4 hours at 40-50 DEG C; and 4) after completely reacting, cooling for 1-1.5 hours, thereby obtaining the organic titanium calcium fertilizer. According to the physiological chrematistics and calcium-absorbing chrematistics of crops, the organic titanium chelate and the matters containing calcium ions are mixed, and then organic matters are added, and the chelation is further performed, so as to form a water-soluble active calcium, so that the organic titanium calcium fertilizer is suitable for fruit trees, vegetables and calcium-loving crops for efficiently absorbing calcium and overcomes the acalcicosis.