736results about How to "Low heat input" patented technology

A process for printing images by means of an electrographic or electrostatic device using a toner that is cured by multiple applications of energy. The toner has energy-activated reactive components such as radiation-curable sites and reactive functional groups. An image is formed on a substrate by the toner without materially activating the reactive components. The reactive components are subsequently activated by applying a first energy source to adhere the image to the substrate by cross-linking and bonding the image permanently to the substrate, or by transferring the image to a second substrate. A second energy source is applied simultaneously with, or subsequently to, the first energy source, to promote cohesive strength of the image by cross-linking within the toner particles that form the image. The resulting image is permanently bonded to the substrate, yielding substantially enhanced image durability and fastnesses.

An electric arc welder for performing a pulse welding process by a current between an advancing electrode and workpiece where the welder comprises a short detecting circuit for creating a short signal upon occurrence of a short circuit between the advancing electrode and the workpiece and a boost circuit to create a plasma boost pulse after the short circuit is cleared during the time period when the welder is not outputting the peak pulse current.

A cryostat configuration for keeping cryogenic fluids in at least one cryocontainer, comprising an outer shell and a neck tube containing a cold head of a cryocooler, wherein the coldest cold stage of the cold head is disposed in a contact-free manner relative to the neck tube and the cryocontainer, and wherein a cryogenic fluid is located in the neck tube, is characterized in that the neck tube is disposed between the outer shell and a cryocontainer and / or the radiation shield, the neck tube is closed in a gas-tight manner at the end facing the cryocontainer and / or the radiation shield, the neck tube is coupled to the cryocontainer and / or a radiation shield disposed between the cryocontainers or a cryocontainer and the outer shell, via a connection having a good thermal conductivity, the neck tube comprising a fill-in device at an end located at ambient temperature. This permits efficient heat transfer between the cryocooler and the cryocontainer with little vibration, while simultaneously ensuring great safety during maintenance work without discharging the magnet.

A test facility provides high temperature, high pressure and high mass flow fluid to a test object to form a relatively large thermal gradient on the object. Energy in the fluid is recuperated to drive system components, such as a heat exchanger and a turbocharger compressor. A test chamber housing the test object can be arranged to conform to a contour of the test object. A control system permits independent variation of pressure, temperature, cooling fluid and fluid velocity, as well as mechanical loading on the test object. Noncontact, optical inspection measurement techniques can be employed to measure test chamber and / or test object parameters. The test object can be configured to direct cooling airflow to permit various temperature or pressure gradients to be implemented. The test facility is relatively inexpensive to operate and provides a significant cost advantage over testing conducted in a full gas turbine engine.

The invention provides an adaptive welding method for laser filler wire welding of a high-strength steel sheet. The method comprises: step 1, performing process experiment on the high-strength steel sheet, and building a process parameter model of welding wire filling area and upper-groove width; step 2, during welding, acquiring the welding wire filling area and the groove width of a current groove in real time based on a laser vision sensor; step 3, according to the filling area and the groove width of the current groove and the process parameter model, adjusting process parameters in real time, so as to realize adaptive control during welding. Through an expert database or a process mathematical model built in specific materials and groove forms, and the groove filling area acquired in real time based on the laser vision sensor, adaptive adjustment on the process parameters during welding is realized, the stability and uniformity of the welding quality are ensured, the welding efficiency is improved, welding defects are reduced, and the method has very high practical values during welding large sheet elements in the fields such as aviation, spaceflight and nuclear power.

A motor stator (24) has a stator iron core (24a), a stator winding (24b), and a mold member (30) embedding them in an inner portion and having a high coefficient of thermal conductivity. The mold member (30) has a heat insulating layer (32) closely attached to an inner surface thereof surrounding a motor rotor (22) and to an outer surface thereof in an axial direction. Further, an outer sleeve (26) is provided so as to be closely attached to an outer peripheral surface of the mold member (30) and to an inner surface of a bearing housing (16). The outer sleeve (26) forms a liquid tight water cooling jacket (26b) between the outer sleeve and the bearing housing.

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy workpiece additive manufacturing method implemented through friction stir welding. On the basis of an existing electric arc additive manufacturing aluminum alloy workpiece, the characteristic that aluminum alloy is soft in property is combined, after an aluminum alloy workpiece is manufactured from electric arc additives layer by layer, friction stir welding intensification treatment is conducted on each layer, and therefore, defects such as pass gaps, interlayer incomplete fusion, air holes and the like can be eliminated through friction stir weldingwhen each layer is manufactured. Compared with the pure electric arc additive manufacturing aluminum alloy workpiece, by means of the method, the structural state of the aluminum alloy workpiece obtained through additive manufacturing can be improved; the grains can be finer; second-phase grains are finer and are distributed more uniformly; and the dislocation density achieved in the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing workpiece is increased. Compared with existing friction stir welding intensification, grain refining and defect elimination are conducted on each layer of the workpiece so that the strength of the whole workpiece can be improved rather than only surface modification, namely surface intensification, is conducted.

The invention relates to a novel laser spot welding method, in particular relates to a laser pulse spot welding method for a metal sheet, aiming at solving the problems that in the prior art, the burning loss of the material is high, air holes, cracks and collapse are easy to generate in the laser spot welding process, and particularly the reflectivity of the aluminum alloy material to laser is high so that the stability in the spot welding process is poor. The laser pulse spot welding method for a metal sheet comprises the following specific steps: (1) preprocessing a workpiece to be welded, (2) fixing the workpiece to be welded, and (3) welding by adopting the laser pulse spot welding method. The laser pulse spot welding method for a metal sheet has the advantages of enhancing the welding efficiency, improving the welding spot quality, ensuring good uniformity of the sizes of the welding spots and realizing the spot welding of a plate of moderate thickness by a small-power laser. The laser pulse spot welding method for a metal sheet is mainly used for welding metal materials and particularly used for welding the metal sheet.

The invention discloses an auxiliary wire filling GMA additive manufacturing device and method for gradient material manufacturing. The device comprises a GMAW arc welding power source, a wire feeder, a GMAW welding gun, two wire guiding nozzles and two auxiliary wire filling wire feeders. The wire feeder is used for conveying a consumable electrode welding wire, and a feeding hose of the wire feeder is connected with the GMAW welding gun. The GMAW welding gun is vertically arranged over a molten bath and used for guiding the consumable electrode welding wire into the molten bath, and the generated arc is located between the consumable electrode welding wire and the molten bath. The two auxiliary wire filling wire feeders are used for conveying homogenous filling welding wires and heterogeneous filling welding wires, and feeding hoses of the two auxiliary filling wire feeders are connected with the two wire guiding nozzles correspondingly. The two wire guiding nozzles are fixed to the front end of the GMAW welding gun and used for guiding the homogenous filling welding wires and the heterogeneous filling welding wires to be fed into the molten bath. The auxiliary wire filling GMA additive manufacturing device and method solve the problem that in the traditional GMA additive manufacturing process, heat accumulation of a formed part is serious, and continuous component adjustment cannot be achieved.

The invention relates to a laser-MAG welding method for a steel plate of medium thickness and superhigh strength and aims at solving problems existing in steel plates of medium thickness and superhigh strength in the laser-MAG composite welding. The method comprises the following steps: 1, before welding, fixing a machining clamp to a position to be welded of a workpiece to be welded; 2, rigidly fixing a laser head and an MAG welding gun; 3, setting welding parameters; 4, adopting a robot integrated system for controlling the welding parameters, wherein firstly, an MAG electric arc is generated, after the electric arc is stabilized for 1-2 seconds, a laser device is controlled to emit laser, and finally a robot is controlled so that the laser working head and the MAG welding gun can move jointly to complete the welding process. The welding method is applied to the field of material processing engineering.

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, relates to a laser cladding repairing method for aircraft end-journal part surface, particularly to a method for repairing the mechanical wear and scrape malfunction of an aircraft end-journal part after long-time service by adopting the laser fused deposition technology. The method aims at mechanical wear, scrape and other defects on the surface of the part, selects spherical precipitation to harden stainless steel metal dust, adopts reasonable laser cladding technological parameters, and removes residual stress of the part after cladding through the specific heat treatment technology to recover the performance of the aircraft end-journal and realize repairing of lengthening the service life. The repaired end-journal part hardly deforms, and the depth of a heat affected area is no more than 0.5mm; the repairing area does not have the defects of cracks, incomplete fusion and slag inclusion; the serviceability of the repaired end-journal is recovered.

A cryostat (1) with a first helium tank (4) which contains helium at an operating temperature T1<3 K, and a second helium tank (2) which is connected to the first helium tank (4) and contains liquid helium at an operating temperature T2>3 K, wherein a cooling means (6) is provided in the first helium tank (4) which generates an operating temperature T1<3 K in the first helium tank (4), wherein the cooling means (6) is designed as a Joule-Thomson valve with downstream heat exchanger from which pumped helium is transported to a room temperature region outside of the cryostat (1) is characterized in that a refrigerator (11) is provided whose cold end (19) projects into the second helium tank (2) and the supplied helium is returned during normal operation in a closed loop along the refrigerator (11) and into the second helium tank (2), thereby being pre-cooled and liquefied at the cold end (19) of the refrigerator (11). The inventive cryostat minimizes helium consumption, thereby permitting continuous measuring operation.

A desalination greenhouse of the invention provides both winter and summer crop growing operations and to produce a source of potable water given an input of only brackish or sea water. A consistency of temperature is produced by insulation and compensating absorption of heat in summer, with the release of heat in winter to keep crops more isothermal, but without obstructing natural light transmission to the crops. A very thin layer of brackish or salt water is evaporated from an inner shell and condensed onto an outer shell. Supplemental heat exchange can be applied to cool water used for crop irrigation.

A method and apparatus for conditioning ambient air for use in an enclosure is disclosed which cools the ambient supply air stream in sensible energy recovery device or cools and dehumidifies the ambient supply air stream in an enthalpy energy recovery device. The thus cooled air is then cooled by a cooling coil of a refrigerant cooling system to reduce its temperature and humidity. The thus cooled and dehumidified air is then passed through a segment of a rotating desiccant wheel or through a different type of desiccant dehumidification device under conditions which reduce its moisture content and increases its temperature. The supply air is then delivered from the desiccant wheel to the enclosure. The desiccant wheel is regenerated by heating a separate regeneration air stream, provided by the exhaust air from the space and using the condensing coil of the refrigerant system to increase the regeneration air stream temperature. The thus heated regeneration air stream is then passed through another segment of the rotating desiccant wheel to regenerate the wheel and is exhausted to the atmosphere.

The invention relates to an indirect arc welding device between tungsten electrode and melting electrode and a welding method thereof, belonging to the technical field of material welding device and welding method, which is used to solve the problems in the prior arc welding devices, such as high hot input, low weld joint deposited ratio and high dilution ratio. The two ends of the welding wire are respectively connected with a wire feeder and a melting electrode welding torch, and exposed outside of the conductive mouth of the melting electrode welding torch. The welding wire is connected with a power supply, and the tungsten electrode welding torch and the melting electrode welding torch are connected respectively with the positive and negative electrodes of GTAW, and the axial point of the two welding torches is on the top of the weldment to be welded, and two protection gas cylinders are connected respectively with the protection gas inlets. Based on the device to weld in a certain welding process, turning on the arc generating switch, and using arc only generated between the tungsten electrode and melting electrode to quickly heat to melt the welding wire, and the droplet of the melted welding wire with heat heats the device indirectly and welds. The welding method has the advantages that the weld joint deposited ratio is increased up to 50g / min and the dilution ratio is controlled within 5%.

The invention belongs to the field of laser processing, and particularly relates to an ultrahigh-speed laser cladding technology. The ultrahigh-speed laser cladding technology is characterized in thatultrahigh-speed laser cladding linear velocity is acquired through high-speed rotation of a workpiece, and a compact cladding layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece through interaction of laser and powder and adjustment and matching of technological parameters. Compared with traditional laser cladding, the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding technology has the advantages that efficiency is improved by 10 times, the obtained cladding layer is formed through complete metallurgical bonding, surface finish is high, the material utilization rate is high, energy consumption is low, production cost can be greatly reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a ceramic-based composite material environment barrier coating by laser cladding, which has the technical characteristics that: 1, a composite material to be coated is processed to a required size and completely washed in an ultrasonic washing machine; 2, the environment barrier coating material powder, a bonding agent and a solvent are mixed uniformly according to a certain ratio to form pulp; 3, the pulp is uniformly brushed on the surface of the composite material and dried; and 4, the membrane coated with the coating pulp is placed on a laser processing worktable, laser cladding is performed by a certain process, and thus, the environment barrier coating is prepared. The interface of the obtained coating is firmly bonded, the coating is uniform and compact, and the quality of the coating is improved obviously. In the invention, the process is simple, area-selectable cladding can be performed, the processing period is short, and high-performance environment barrier coating can be prepared.

The invention discloses a butt-jointing and welding method of plates. The bases of the grooves of two plates which need to be welded are butt-jointed closely and are fixed in the groove through spot welding. A ceramic pad is stuck at the bottom of the butt-jointing place by an aluminum foil. Two parallel and separated thin welding wires are used to treat welding seam by submerged arc-welding. The butt-jointing and welding method effectively shunts the welding current to the two thin welding wires, not only improves the melting efficiency of the welding wire, but also avoids the excessive concentration of the active force of electric arc, not only has high welding efficiency, but also is easier to achieve a balance state to form the welding seam under the support of surface tension and the ceramic pad.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently compounding a fusion-covering reinforced steel rail through laser and an auxiliary heat source. The laser and the auxiliary heat source act on a to-be-fusion-covered area on the surface of the steel rail simultaneously, as a main heat source, the laser makes the material of a fusion-covering layer and the material on part of the base of the surfaceof the steel rail quickly fused simultaneously to form a fusion pool, the auxiliary heat source and the laser heat source move in the same direction at the same speed and preheat and / or postheat the laser fusion pool, a heat influence area and the surface layer of the base of the steel rail, the temperature gradient of the steel rail is lowered, thus the cooling speed of the steel rail is lowered,and the phenomena of transforming of a martensite in a heat influence area and cracking are avoided. Through the compounding effect, the critical cooling time for transforming an austenite to a pearlite is shortened in the heat influence area wherein the cooling time is larger than a CCT curve or a TTT curve, so that the mechanical performance among the fusion-covering layer, the heat influence area and the base is reasonably matched, the rigidity curve is smooth in distribution, and the overall fatigue performance is good. The method can fuse-cover a metal layer on the surface of a field ofa railway steel rail on line and can also achieve fuse-covering machining on the surface of the steel rail in a production workshop.

An air conditioning unit for vehicles with work-doing expansion of the carbon dioxide is provided, the air conditioning unit including a combined refrigeration and heat pump circuit, wherein the air conditioning unit is switchably configured to change a flow direction of a refrigerant for switchable operation from the refrigeration circuit to the heat pump circuit. A method for operating the air conditioning unit is also provided.

A desalination greenhouse includes a method of fresh water production hybridized with growth and production of a crop. The co-location of a growing crop can provide additional economic incentive to a hybrid system, and provide a moisture enhancement to an internal atmosphere which can be utilized to more efficiently produce and yet benefit from the production of water without the salt content, and as well to concentrate the salt content of brine which is used in another salt production operation. A further substantial achievement could be obtained by desalinization of water by using renewable energy economically and saving 95% of water normally used in open field irrigation of crops.

The invention provides a plasma-melting electrode electric arc dynamic composite welding device and a welding method thereof. A plasma arc welding gun is combined with a melting electrode electric arc welding gun to obtain a composite welding gun; the two electric arc welding guns are respectively connected with a negative pole of a direct-current pulsed plasma arc welding power supply and a positive pole of a direct-current pulsed melting electrode arc welding power supply and are also connected with a negative pole and a positive pole of an argon arc welding power supply (a TIG power supply); and a negative pole of the plasma arc welding power supply and a positive pole of the melting electrode arc welding power supply are connected with a workpiece. In order to prevent electromagnetic interference between a plasma arc and a melting electrode electric arc during welding, a pulsed coordination control method is used, namely, when melting electrode electric arc current waveform is a pulsed basic value pilot arc, the plasma arc is a pulse peak value, and welding is carried out; and when plasma arc current waveform is a pulse basic value, the melting electrode arc is pulse peak value welding current, and so forth. By the plasma-melting electrode electric arc dynamic composite welding device and the welding method thereof, the problems that electromagnetic interference between electric arcs is large, parameters are adjusted complexly, and electrodes are burnt down severely are solved.

The invention discloses an all-position automatic welding method for a pipeline circumferential weld and belongs to the technical field of pipeline circumferential weld welding. The method includes the following steps that firstly, steel pipes needing welding are machined to be provided with groove end faces; secondly, welding technology parameters are typed in a controller program according to the preset welding technology; thirdly, the two welded steel pipes are assembled; fourthly, one of the steel pipes is provided with a welding rail; fifthly, the welding ends of the two steel pipes are preheated before welding; sixthly, a single welding torch is used for performing root welding on grooves; seventhly, a double welding torch is used for performing hot welding, filling welding and cosmetic welding on the grooves. According to the all-position automatic welding method for the pipeline circumferential weld, due to the fact that the groove type is designed, the root welding technology, the filling welding technology and the cosmetic welding technology are adopted, the defects that in the prior art, the welding efficiency is low, a large number of welding materials are consumed, a large number of weld defects exist, the welding joint performance is poor, and the requirement for the operating skills of welders is high; or welding equipment is high in cost, and operating and maintaining are difficult are overcome.

The invention discloses a dedicated welding active agent for deep penetration TIG welding. The welding active agent is composed of, by mass, five percent to 15 percent of NaCl powder, 10 percent to 20 percent of CaO powder, 15 percent to 20 percent of MgF2 powder, 10 percent to 15 percent of Fe2O3 powder, seven percent to 10 percent of SiO2 powder, eight percent to 10 percent of TiO2 powder, 17 percent to 20 percent of Cr2O3 powder, four percent to five percent of La2O3 powder and four percent to five percent of Y2O3 powder. The using method of the active agent comprises the steps that calculation is carried out according to the mass percent, 92 percent to 95 percent of the powder of the dedicated welding active agent for deep penetration TIG welding is mixed with five percent to eight percent of acetone to form the pasty or grease-shaped welding active agent, the surface of a workpiece is evenly coated with the welding active agent through a brush, and welding is carried out after the acetone is fully volatilized. According to the welding active agent, complete penetration is achieved on AISI316 austenitic stainless steel and X70 pipeline steel with the thickness of 14 mm through deep penetration TIG welding, the welding process is simplified, a coarse structure is avoided, the mechanical property of a welding joint is improved, production efficiency is improved, and production cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a condensation electric arc welding gun, which belongs to the technical field of welding equipment. A tungsten electrode is closely embedded in the center of an electrode holder; the electrode holder is sleeved in the center of a main connector through thread; the root part of the electrode holder is mutually engaged with the main connector by using an inclined surface, so that water cooling effect to the electrode and no leakage are guaranteed; a ceramic nozzle is sleeved on the periphery of the main connector through threaded connection; a protective gas laminar flow screen is a stainless steel wire net which is fixed on the other end face of the main connector through an O-shaped steel wire spring, so that protective gas forms laminar flow; a water outlet pipe, a water inlet bushing or a gas inlet bushing is provided with a cable connecting end; the water inlet bushing is coaxially sleeved outside a water outlet straight pipe; and the gas inlet bushing is sleeved outside the water inlet bushing, a water inlet passage is remained in the middle of the gas inlet bushing and the water inlet bushing, and the gas inlet bushing and the water inlet bushing are welded on the same end face of the main connector to form a water cooling passage and a gas protection passage. Apart from the ceramic nozzle, all the remaining materials are conductors. According to the condensation electric arc welding gun, the free electric arc energy intensity can be improved, and better capacity of controlling welding joint formation is achieved.

The invention relates to a laser-electric arc composite heat source high-speed welding method of ultrahigh strength steel, belonging to the technical field of high-strength steel welding. The traditional laser-electric arc composite heat source high-speed welding method of the high-strength or ultrahigh strength steel has overhigh welding linear energy due to low welding speed and large energy input so as to cause the deformation of a welding workpiece; in addition, chevilled silk spacing is overlarge, and stabilization action realized by a laser is reduced because the laser is adopted firstly and the electric arc is adopted subsequently so that a welding process is unstable and easy to generate splashing. The invention adopts laser-electric arc composite heat source welding; the welding workpiece is the high-strength steel or the ultrahigh strength steel; an electric arc welding gun is used for welding firstly and a laser nozzle is used for welding subsequently during welding; the current of electric arc welding is 140-180A, and the voltage of the electric arc welding is 23-25V; an included angle theta between the electric arc welding gun and the surface of the workpiece is 60-65 degrees; the laser power is 3-5kW; the welding speed v is 1-3m / minute; and the chevilled silk spacing h between a laser beam and a welding stick is determined within a range of 1-3mm. The invention realizes the welding of the ultrahigh strength steel without preheating, cold cracks or deformation.

The invention discloses a static double-shaft-shoulder stirring friction head used for a stirring friction welding machine. The static double-shaft-shoulder stirring friction head comprises a stirring needle, an upper shaft shoulder and a lower shaft shoulder assembly, wherein the upper shaft shoulder is sleeved at the upper portion of the stirring needle, and the lower shaft shoulder assembly is sleeved at the lower end of the stirring needle. The lower shaft shoulder assembly comprises a lower shaft shoulder, an installation block with an internally-embedded bearing, a plane bearing and a locking nut, wherein the lower shaft shoulder is connected with the installation block and is sleeved at the lower end of the stirring needle, the plane bearing is sleeved at the tail end of the stirring needle and can rotate along with the stirring needle, and the locking nut is sleeved on the stirring needle and locks the plane bearing tightly. The upper shaft shoulder is fixed on a machine head of the welding machine. The upper shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder are static relative to the stirring needle, thermal input of the stirring friction head on a welding seam is reduced effectively, and welding quality is further improved.

The invention relates to a laser and electric arc combined welding method for thick high-strength steel plates and a clamp for the method. A 45-mm thick high-strength steel is welded with a 6-KW fiber laser and through a double-sided welding forming method, small double-sided grooves are opened, and a 1mm-1.5mm gap is reserved, accordingly, the 45-mm thick high-strength steel can be completely welded. Compared with traditional multi-layer multi-pass welding which requires at least 20 passes of welding, the combined welding method has the advantages that the progress is apparent, preheating processes are simplified, preheating time is shortened, and welded joint performances reach client required indexes; the production efficiency is improved apparently, consumption of base metal and welding wires is reduced, energy consumption is decreased, the mechanical property of welded joints is improved, the residual stress and the deformation are reduced, automation of production can be easily achieved, and the like. The special clamp is a combined clamp with four pressing plates arranged on the upper portion and a base plate used on the lower portion during welding so as to improve the efficiency and quality of the welding method. By means of the clamp, a workpiece can be positioned and fixed, the welding quality is guaranteed, and the workpiece cannot be abraded.