The invention provides an environment-friendly high molecular self-adhesive waterproof rolled material, and relates to the field of construction materials. A preparation method comprises the followingsteps: putting phenolic resin, a plasticizer and a heat stabilizer into a hot mixer to be uniformly stirred, and putting extending oil, light calcium carbonate, an antioxidant, an anti-ultraviolet agent and thermoplastic polyurethane to be uniformly stirred; putting the obtained material into an extruding machine, and performing rolling, pulling, winding and shaping on the extrudate to obtain a base layer of the waterproof rolled material; adding phenolic resin, fibrous protein, lignocellulose, ethyl acetate, polyisobutylene, sodium alginate, tetraethyl orthosilicate and modified nitrile rubber to a high-speed mill to be mixed so as to obtain adhesive paste; and compounding the adhesive paste and the base layer of waterproof rolled material, and arranging an anti-sticking film on a self-adhesive layer formed by the adhesive paste so as to obtain the environment-friendly high molecular self-adhesive waterproof rolled material. The base layer of the waterproof rolled material and the adhesive layer are made from environment-friendly materials, and the waterproof rolled material does not have harmful substances and has good use effects.