57results about How to "Reduce ionization" patented technology

An organic electroluminescence device includes an anode, an emitting layer, a blocking layer, an electron injecting layer, and a cathode in sequential order. The emitting layer includes a host and dopant. The blocking layer includes an aromatic heterocyclic derivative. A triplet energy E^T_b (eV) of the blocking layer is larger than a triplet energy E^T_h (eV) of the host. An affinity A_b (eV) of the blocking layer and an affinity A_b (eV) of the electron injecting layer satisfy a relationship of A_e−A_b<0.2.

An electrode for a Group III nitride compound semiconductor having p-type conduction that has a double layer structure. The first metal electrode layer comprising, for example, nickel (Ni) and the second metal electrode layer comprising, for example, gold (Au). The Ni layer is formed on the Group III nitride compound semiconductor having p-type conduction, and the Au layer is formed on the Ni layer. Heat treatment changes or reverses the distribution of the elements Ni and Au. Namely, Au is distributed deeper into the Group III nitride compound semiconductor than is Ni. As a result, the resistivity of the electrode is lowered and its ohmic characteristics are improved as well as its adhesive strength.

A system for emergency crew return and down-mass orbit comprising a stowable, self-contained, deployable maneuvering reentry vehicle for automated, on-demand reentry to ground for cargo of 1-10 kilograms or up to single or multiple human use for evacuation of orbital facilities. The system includes a deployable “aeroshell” that is contiguous (a single geometric object—surface or hollow shape—that can morph in 3D shape), modular (a collection of modular components externally acting as a contiguous shape, but morphed in 3D via actuators contained in each modular member to create a general asymmetric geometry), or discontiguous (a collection of independently controlled surfaces or bodies that morph to form desirable asymmetric drag configurations). The system contains traditional spacecraft guidance, navigation and control, propulsion, and attitude control elements, in addition to communications, power, and actuator energetics systems for controlling the vehicle aeroshell shape during reentry, thus, minimizing the landing footprint of the vehicle.

The invention discloses an active agent and a method for carrying out surface treatment on materials to be welded of aluminium and aluminium alloys so as to improve the energy utilization rate of the aluminium and the aluminium alloys, deepen the fusion depth of welding seams and further obtain higher welding quality. The active agent for laser welding consists of a chloride and a fluoride, wherein the mass ratio of the chloride to the fluoride is (1-2): (1-4); the chloride is at least one of lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminium chloride, calcium chloride or tin chloride; and the fluoride is at least one of lithium fluoride, sodium fluoride, magnesium fluoride or calcium fluoride. When the surface treatment is carried out, firstly the fluoride and the chloride are mixed fully and uniformly, water is added to form a supersaturated solution, then the supersaturated solution is coated on the surface of a welded test piece as a coating agent, then drying is carried out, and finally laser welding is carried out under the condition of gas protection.

In sophisticated semiconductor devices, an asymmetric transistor configuration may be obtained on the basis of a strain-inducing semiconductor alloy. To this end, strain relaxation implantation processes may be performed at the drain side according to some illustrative embodiments, while, in other cases, the deposition of the strain-inducing alloy may be performed in an asymmetric manner with respect to the drain side and the source side of the transistor.

This invention allows combining broadband GW(10⁺⁹ Watt), peak power to achieve MV/m(10⁺⁶ Volt/meter), and GV/m(10⁺⁹ Volt/meter), radiated E-fields, in the range of air or vacuum breakdown in the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including optical frequencies and beyond. Use of many antennas and independently triggered generators allows achieving GV/m field, while by preventing the E-field induced breakdown it provides control of peak power and energy content at targets. The achieved broadband MV/m E-field levels and energy density significantly exceed levels required for destruction of distant electronic targets; therefore this invention radically improves the effectiveness of the electromagnetic weapons. Furthermore, collimating multiplicity of MV/m beams allows reaching GV/m E-field that exceeds by orders of magnitude the air or vacuum breakdown needed for broadband plasma excitation at resonance plasma frequencies in the 300 GHz range, permitting energy efficient plasma research leading to fusion.

This invention relates to a pharmaceutical dosage form for the site specific delivery of more than one active pharmaceutical ingredient to different sites in the human or animal body in the gastrointestinal tract. The dosage form has an outer polymeric layer incorporating a first active pharmaceutical ingredient which reacts to stimuli specific in the stomach, degrades, and releases the first active pharmaceutical ingredient in the stomach for absorption. The dosage form also has at least one inner polymeric layer incorporating a second active pharmaceutical ingredient which, once the outer layer has degraded, passes into the intestine where the polymers of the second layer degrade to release the second active pharmaceutical ingredient. The dosage form may have additional layers each incorporating active pharmaceutical ingredients for release in different portions of the intestine depending on the nature of the polymers.

A magnetohydrodynamic microfluidic system and a method of pumping a fluid using a magnetohydrodynamic system are disclosed. The method includes applying at least one of an electric current and an electric voltage to a first modified electrode and a second electrode to generate an ionic current between the first modified electrode and the second electrode and to cause a current carrying species to move to or from the modified electrode, applying a magnetic field perpendicular to an ionic current vector, the magnetic field and the ionic current combining to induce flow of the fluid in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and the ionic current vector, and maintaining fluid flow by recharging the modified electrode.

An object of the present invention is to provide an organic light-emitting device, wherein light trapped in a substrate due to total reflection at the interface between air and a substrate is efficiently extracted to the air side.

The organic light-emitting device includes: a transparent electrode; a counter electrode; a light-emitting layer interposed between the transparent electrode and the counter electrode; a front substrate which allows light from the light-emitting layer to exit to the outside from a surface of the front substrate on the opposite side to the light-emitting layer side; and a diffuse reflector which reflects light from the light-emitting layer, wherein the diffuse reflector is provided on a side surface of the front substrate and at a given position on a surface thereof.

The invention discloses a vertical PECVD compound PVD vacuum coating system. The vertical PECVD compound PVD vacuum coating system comprises a feeding cavity, a preheating cavity, a coating cavity, abuffer cavity and a discharge cavity, wherein the feeding cavity, the preheating cavity, the coating cavity, the buffer cavity and the discharge cavity are tightly connected with one another in sequence, the feeding cavity and the discharge cavity are in atmospheric environment. The preheating cavity, the coating cavity and the buffer cavity are connected with a vacuum pumping system. A rail is welded to the top of the coating cavity, and a base material frame is connected in the rail in a sleeving mode. A base plat is hung on the base material frame through hooks, the bottom of the base plateis located on a conveying belt, and the conveying belt is connected to the bottom of the coating cavity through drive rollers. The existing problem that poor uniformity and low ionization rate of thin film coated by a coating device in the prior art is solved.

The invention discloses high-energy lithium-battery anode pulp and a preparation method thereof. The high-energy lithium-battery anode pulp is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-100 parts of silicon-carbon active substance, 0.5-10 parts of conducting agent, 1-10 parts of binding agent, 0.1-5 parts of crosslinking agent, 5-25 parts of buffer solution and 5-25 parts of deionized water, wherein the binding agent is sodium alginate, the crosslinking agent is aqueous solution containing divalent metal cations and the pH value of the buffer solution is 2-5. The high-energylithium-battery anode pulp disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effect that the problems of pulverization and energy attenuation of the silicon-carbon anode material due to volume change inthe circulation process of charging and discharging are effectively improved. In addition, the high-energy lithium-battery anode pulp has the advantages of simple preparation method, low production cost, environment-friendly effect and continuous production and the like, and has the possibility of industrial production.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer formed on a conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains oxygen-containing fluorinated fine particles in a surface layer thereof, and the oxygen-containing fluorinated fine particles have an oxygen composition ratio of 0.9 to 3.0% by atom based on the whole composition of the fine particles according to an X-ray fluorescence composition analysis.

A free radical injection ionizer for flue gas treatment with corona discharge comprises an injection device for releasing free radical source substances and an electrode device for producing corona, wherein the injection device and the electrode device are arranged separately, wherein the electrode device comprises a conductive pole, and discharge tips arranged on the upper and lower sides of the conductive pole at equal intervals, and the injection device comprises nozzles symmetrically arranged on two sides of the electrode device, and two lines of holes axially arranged on the walls of the nozzles nearby the electrode device, the axial lines of the holes directing the discharge tips nearest the holes.

The invention discloses removal liquid for removing blockage of a weighting agent in drilling liquid. The removal liquid comprises the following components by weight percent: 5%-10% of methane sulfonic acid derivatives, 2%-5% of erythorbic acid, 0.05%-0.1% of a nonionic surfactant, 0.1%-0.5% of a corrosion inhibitor and the balance of water, wherein the methane sulfonic acid derivatives are amino-methane sulfonic acid, ethyl methane sulfonate, methyl methane sulfonate or a mixture of amino-methane sulfonic acid, ethyl methane sulfonate and methyl methane sulfonate; the nonionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, dinonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or a mixture of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and dinonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the corrosion inhibitor is propynol, methyl butynol, hexynol or a mixture of propynol, methyl butynol and hexynol. According to the removal liquid, the blockage of stratum pore throat caused by weighting agent particles in drilling slurry is well removed, and especially the blockage of barite particles can be effectively removed, so that an oil-gas well is smoothly exploited after being completed; the removal liquid can be used for carbonate rock and sandstone reservoirs.

The invention provides a surfactant and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises reformation of a surfactin, wherein the reformation of the surfactin comprises the sub-steps of: sequentially adding a 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbonyl diimine hydrochloride catalyst, a 4-dimethylamino-pyridine catalyst and an N-glycol reactant into a surfactin solution; after materials are added, mixing the mixture at 18-35 DEG C for a reaction for 10-30 hours to obtain a surfactin esterification product with hydroxyl; an adding catalysts accounting for 1-10 times by molar weight and the N-glycol accounting for 2-10 times by molar weight into each mole of the surfactin. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of complete reaction and little side reaction; and the obtained esterification product has a simple structure. Compared with original surfactin, the surfactin esterification product with the hydroxyl has the advantages of being in higher in surface activity (CMC(Critical Micelle Concentration) is reduced by one order of magnitude), forming a hole-shaped structure on a phospholipid double-layer membrane more efficiently and having a steadier pore membrane structure as well as better biomembrane activity.

The invention relates to a water level control circuit used for heating purified water. The water level control circuit comprises a microcomputer intelligent controller (91), a circuit power supply voltage (VCC), a triode transistor (95), a water level electrode and an electrode common terminal, wherein the water level electrode is connected with the microcomputer intelligent controller (91) through the triode transistor (95) which achieves a switching action; and the circuit power supply voltage (VCC) is applied between the water level electrode and the electrode common terminal. According to the invention, a technical blank of carrying out effective water level control on the purified water by virtue of water boilers or other containers is filled up, so that the application range of the water boilers is enlarged, and the use effect is obviously improved.

Provided is an organic nanotube having a hydrophobized inner surface, formed by molecules including an asymmetric bipolar lipid molecule represented by the following General Formula (1) and a derivative thereof represented by the following General Formula (2), wherein the organic nanotube has a hydrophilized outer surface and a hydrophobized inner surface of a hollow cylinder and is formed by binary self-assembly, the organic nanotube encapsulates a hydrophobic guest in the hollow cylinder, has a function of refolding a denatured protein, and has a function of sustainably-releasing a hydrophobic drug according to the change in hydrophobicity of the inner surface of the tube or external stimulus,

In Formulas (1) and (2), wherein the same symbols have the same meanings, G is a 1-glucopyranosyl group or 2-glucopyranosyl group, and n is an integer of 12 to 22.

Particularly, an asymmetric bipolar lipid molecule and an ester thereof respectively represented by general formulae (1) and (2) wherein n is an integer of 18 to 22, both of Z₁ and Z₂ are single bonds, Y is Gly, m(s) is the same or different integer of 3 to 6, X is OH, and R is a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, or a benzyloxy group are novel substances, and can form a carboxylic acid based asymmetric nanotube by single component self-assembly or binary self-assembly.