The invention relates to a low-temperature
pyrolysis method for pulverized
coal and
oil shale powder and an external heating vertical type descending low-temperature
pyrolysis furnace so as to solve the problem that
pyrolysis can not be carried out on
powder in the prior art. The furnace is composed of a
drying system, a heating pyrolysis
system, a dust removing
system, an oil-gas separating system and a
coke quenching system; at first, the
drying system is utilized for
drying and preheating the pulverized
coal or the
oil shale powder with the
diameter smaller than 0.6 cm to the temperature of 200 DEG C; the heating pyrolysis system with
clean coal gas as fuel is utilized for indirectly heating the dried and preheated pulverized
coal or
oil shale powder to the temperature of 550 DEG C-600 DEG C to dissolve and separate semi-
coke, oil gas and heating gas out; the dust removing system is utilized for removing dust in the oil gas and the heating gas; the oil-gas separating system is utilized for separating the
clean coal gas and
coal tar; finally,
inert gas generated by the drying system and the
coke quenching system are utilized for carrying out coke
quenching on the semi-coke produced by the heating pyrolysis system. The furnace has the advantages that the pulverized coal and the oil shale powder can be fully utilized, safety performance is high, the energy efficiency ratio is high, the gas
production rate is large, the gas
production quality is good, the production capacity of the single furnace is high, and the production cost is low.