The invention discloses a crucian carp feed capable of preventing and treating a branchia hyperemia disease and a preparation method of the crucian carp feed, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of the crucian carp feed. The crucian carp feed is prepared from the following main raw materials of trash fish powder, corn protein powder, soybean flour, rice bran, yellow rapeseed meal, wheat bran powder, bentonite, radix isatidis, croton fruits, heartleaf houttuynia herbs, garlic, pumpkin seeds, chinaberry bark, common andrographis herbs, common cnidium fruits, radix sophorae flavescentis, Chinese galls, macleaya cordata, akebia stems, cyrtomium rhizomes, dioscorea zingiberensis, trehalose, propolis and calcium dihydrogen phosphate. According to the crucian carp feed disclosed by the invention, the bentonite is added, so that the production efficiency of a granulator can be effectively improved; Chinese herbal medicine substances having effects of resisting bacteria and killing insects and a natural antibacterial agent are added, so that pathogenic bacteria and pests of the branchia hyperemia disease can be effectively prevented and treated; effective components in Chinese herbal medicine substances are extracted by an ethanol backwashing method, so that the extraction rate is high. The crucian carp feed disclosed by the invention is rich in nutrition, can be used for effectively preventing and treating the branchia hyperemia disease of crucian carps and reducing the breeding risk of the crucian carps, and is worth popularization and application.