64 results about "Electron delocalization" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of perovskite solar cells, and particularly relates to application of a bulk phase and interface synergistic passivator in a perovskite solar cell. The invention provides a bulk phase / interface synergistic passivation innovative strategy, molecules with a tricyclic sulfur-nitrogen heterocyclic ring structure are introduced as a synergistic passivator, and defect global repair of each functional layer of a device is realized. The molecular design of the structural derivative taking phenothiazine as the core has the following advantages: skeleton characteristics: a conjugated tricyclic system forms an electron transport network through pi-pi stacking, endows molecules with excellent electron delocalization ability, and effectively regulates and controls carrier kinetics; the thioether group is used for dynamically repairing an ion migration channel through oxidation-reduction activity and inhibiting formation of deep-energy-level defects; and the secondary amine group is used as a hydrogen bond donor for anchoring uncoordinated halide ions and synchronously passivating surface and grain boundary defects.

The invention discloses a catalyst with light and ultrasonic response and application of the catalyst to ultrasonic enhanced photocatalysis of hydrogen peroxide, photoacoustic cancer treatment and water pollution treatment. The synthesized catalyst C5N2 generates charge transfer with water molecules and oxygen molecules at an interface; the ideal energy band position of C5N2, enhanced pi electron delocalization and photo-generated charge separation efficiency and hydroxyl adsorption / desorption capability promote the C5N2 to have high selectivity and high activity in ultrasonic electro-optical catalysis full-hydrolysis hydrogen peroxide production (2e-ORR and 2e-WOR). Under ultrasonic photocatalysis without a sacrificial agent, C5N2 shows the highest photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production efficiency at present, reaches 918.4 [mu] M / h under weak light and 1318.2 [mu] M / h under a strong light condition, and far exceeds that of other organic and inorganic piezoelectric materials. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic photoresponse hydrogen peroxide catalyst can also be used in the fields of photoacoustic tumor treatment and water pollution treatment through Fenton reaction.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery solid electrolyte, and discloses a composite solid electrolyte based on a fluorinated metal organic framework and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite solid electrolyte comprises a polymer, a lithium salt and a fluorinated metal organic framework material, wherein the mass ratio of the polymer to the lithium salt is 1: (0.3-0.5), and the dosage of the fluorinated metal organic framework material is 5-20wt% of the total amount of the polymer and the lithium salt. The composite solid electrolyte provided by the invention contains ZIF-8-xFL, and a phenolic hydroxyl group of the ZIF-8-xFL efficiently eliminates O < 2->. Generated on a positive electrode interface under high voltage through an electron delocalization effect, so that a chain oxidation reaction of a positive electrode / electrolyte interface under high voltage is inhibited; a coordinated unsaturated site formed by triazolyl and Zn < 2 + > has an anchoring effect on TFSI <-> anions, so that the migration number of Li < + > is increased; and the trifluoromethyl group with strong electronegativity is preferentially decomposed in the electrochemical reduction process, and is induced to form a solid electrolyte interface layer rich in inorganic F / N, so that the interface ion transmission kinetics and mechanical stability are remarkably improved.

The application discloses a low-carbon magnesia carbon brick and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of weather-resistant magnesia carbon bricks. The low-carbon magnesia carbon brick comprises the following components in parts by mass: fused magnesia particles 80-90 parts, fused magnesia fine powder 15-25 parts, flake graphite 5-10 parts, nano carbon powder 1-5 parts, phenolic resin 10-20 parts, curing agent 0.2-1.5 parts, antioxidant 0.5-3 parts, and modifier 0-8 parts. The core lies in a triple synergistic protection mechanism of the antioxidant, which comprises the electron delocalization of a conjugated pi bond system to stabilize free radicals, the physical isolation of a tert-butyl group, and the formation of a high-temperature barrier layer of a silane group. This effectively delays the oxidation loss of graphite, strengthens the resistance to slag penetration, and improves the service performance of the material under extreme storage conditions.

The invention discloses a fullerene dumbbell photocatalyst for improving photocatalytic hydrogen production performance through electron delocalization. The fullerene dumbbell photocatalyst has an acceptor-donor-acceptor characteristic, is of a fullerene-thiophene fused ring dumbbell-shaped structure, comprises two symmetrically modified fullerene carbon cages, is bridged by a fused ring electron donor in the middle, and is similar to a dumbbell in shape. The fullerene dumbbell compound has the structural characteristic as shown in the formula I. The catalyst is simple in preparation process and high in design regularity. Importantly, the dumbbell molecular photocatalyst has a remarkable electron delocalization property, so that the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance is greatly improved. According to the invention, beneficial guidance is provided for design of an efficient photocatalyst and photocatalytic hydrogen production.

An acetone sensor based on boron-doped cobalt tetroxide with an amorphous / crystalline heterostructure, as well as its preparation method and application, belongs to the field of gas sensor technology. The sensor consists of an Al2O3 ceramic tube substrate, two parallel and separate annular Au electrodes coated on the outer surface of the ceramic tube substrate, a gas-sensitive film coated on the outer surface of the ceramic tube and the annular Au electrodes, and a nickel-chromium alloy heating coil passing through the interior of the ceramic tube. The gas-sensitive film is made of boron-doped cobalt tetroxide with an amorphous / crystalline heterostructure. This unique amorphous / crystalline heterostructure not only maintains the stable structure of the crystalline material but also leverages the advantages of the amorphous structure, such as high electron delocalization and a large number of reaction sites, thereby improving the acetone gas-sensing performance of the cobalt tetroxide material. The resulting sensor has high sensitivity to acetone and a low detection limit, and has good application prospects.

The invention relates to the technical field of catalytic materials, in particular to a [4 + 3 + 2] type covalent organic framework material and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, 4, 4 ', 4' ', 4 '''-(pyrene-1, 3, 6, 8-tetrayl) tetraphenylamine, 4, 4 ', 4''-(1, 3, 5-triazinyl-2, 4, 6-triyl) tribenzaldehyde and 4, 4'-diamino tribenzene are used as raw materials, and a solvothermal reaction is carried out in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the [4 + 3 + 2] type covalent organic framework material. According to the invention, by introducing 4, 4 '-diamino triphenyl, the polarity, the electron delocalization degree and the crystallinity of the covalent organic framework material are regulated and controlled at the molecular level, so that the charge separation efficiency is effectively improved, the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of the [4 + 3 + 2] type covalent organic framework material is improved, and the photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency is improved. The technical defects existing when triazine and pyrene structures are cooperatively introduced into a covalent organic framework material in the prior art are overcome.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic materials, and particularly relates to a method based on one-step in-situ synthesis of a copper cyanophenylacetylene / copper phenylacetylene (CN-PhCCu / PhCCu) homogeneous heterojunction composite photocatalyst and application. The homogeneous heterojunction composite photocatalyst with a compact interface structure is synthesized in situ in one step under a mild condition by regulating and controlling the ratio of copper cyanophenylacetylene (CN-PhCCu) to copper phenylacetylene (PhCCu). The heterojunction can effectively promote exciton dissociation and photo-induced electron delocalization, remarkably inhibit charge recombination and improve the utilization efficiency of visible light. Experiments show that the composite photocatalyst shows excellent degradation performance on various water pollutants such as diclofenac (DCF) under irradiation of visible light, and has the advantages of high degradation efficiency, wide pH application range, strong coexisting ion interference resistance and the like. The method disclosed by the invention is simple in process and mild in condition, and provides a new material and technical support for efficient visible light driven water body pollution control.

The present invention discloses an inorganic-organic hybrid carbonyl radical luminescent material, its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of luminescent materials. In the inorganic-organic hybrid carbonyl radical luminescent material provided by the present invention, the common feature is that the tris-carbonyl substituted benzene derivative molecule after weak coordination with metal is used as the guest, and a series of imidazolium salt ionic liquid molecules are used as the host, and a supramolecular assembly is formed by the way of host-guest doping; the electrostatic interaction and electron delocalization effect generated in the system protect the carbonyl radical to emit stable light; the metal ions coordinated with the radical molecules in the assembly regulate the photophysical properties of the inorganic-organic hybrid carbonyl radical luminescent material through charge transfer. The synergistic effect of the three components enables the inorganic-organic hybrid carbonyl radical luminescent material of this type to obtain the property of adjustable emission color and realize the dual-mode detection of Cd<supgt;3+< / supgt; (turn off type) and Pb<supgt;3+< / supgt; (turn on type).

The invention discloses a low-carbon magnesia carbon brick and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of weather-resistant magnesia carbon bricks. The low-carbon magnesia carbon brick comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80-90 parts of fused magnesia particles, 15-25 parts of fused magnesia fine powder, 5-10 parts of crystalline flake graphite, 1-5 parts of nano carbon powder, 10-20 parts of phenolic resin, 0.2-1.5 parts of a curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of an antioxidant and 0-8 parts of a modifier. The core lies in a triple synergistic protection mechanism of the antioxidant, and the triple synergistic protection mechanism comprises electron delocalization stable free radicals of a conjugated pi bond system, the physical isolation effect of tert-butyl and the formation of a high-temperature barrier layer of silyl. The graphite oxidation loss is effectively delayed, the resistance to slag permeation is enhanced, and the service performance of the material under the extreme storage condition is improved.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a graphene conductive polymer coating on the surface of a bipolar plate by electrodeposition, comprising the following steps: Step 1, chemically modify graphene oxide to graft anionic functional groups to prepare a modified graphene oxide aqueous dispersion; Step 2, mix the modified graphene oxide aqueous dispersion and the conductive polymer monomer aqueous dispersion in a certain proportion to obtain an electrolyte; Step 3, pretreat the metal-based bipolar plate by immersing the metal-based bipolar plate in a sulfuric acid solution to remove the passivation film on its surface; Step 4, use the metal-based bipolar plate as the anode and a platinum sheet as the cathode, and perform electrodeposition on the metal-based bipolar plate with a DC power supply; Step 5, dry the deposited wet film to obtain a graphene conductive polymer composite coating. The present invention utilizes the doping effect of the functional groups on the surface of anionic modified graphene on the conductive polymer, promotes the π-electron delocalization of the conductive polymer, and improves the conductivity of the composite coating.

The invention discloses a 2, 4-dimethylthiophenol and triphenylphosphine co-protected silver nanocluster and a preparation method thereof.The center of the silver nanocluster is a sulfur atom, the central sulfur atom is connected with six silver atoms in the form of mu-6 to form a cube framework, and a sulfur-silver conjugated network is constructed; a sulfur atom of the triphenylphosphine ligand is located at the center of a cube surface, and ligand electron cloud is connected with an inner core through an Ag-S bond to form a cross-plane charge transmission path, so that the electron delocalization dimension is further widened; the symmetric framework of the cube and the number of fixed ligands constrain the size of the cluster. The electron-space structure of the silver nanocluster is reconstructed at the atomic scale through a sulfur centralization inner core and multistage ligand connection strategy, the inherent limitation of a metal inner core is broken through, and a new material basis is provided for high-sensitivity sensing, efficient photocatalysis and stable photoelectric devices.

The application belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and relates to synthesis of an organic phosphonic acid small-molecule material for hole transport and application of the small-molecule material in a perovskite solar cell. The small-molecule material takes imidobenzyl as a central core, takes a n-butyl alkyl chain as a connecting part, and takes a phosphonic acid group as an end group. Through more sufficient electron delocalization space, not only the coordination with the perovskite is strengthened, the hole transport capacity is improved, but also the perovskite surface defects are effectively passivated, and the charge transport capacity with the ITO substrate is enhanced. The phosphonic acid small-molecule material has a simple and reliable preparation method, can be used to prepare a high-efficiency perovskite solar cell at low cost, and has wide application prospect and market potential.

The present application relates to the technical field of catalyst, especially to a surface-reconstructed heterojunction catalyst and its preparation method and application. The present application combines high-temperature atomization deposition and phosphating treatment to build Ga-doped Ni2P / Fe2P heterostructure on a nickel mesh substrate, and in-situ reconstructs to form a NiOOH / FeOOH-Ga2O3 heterojunction catalyst during the OER process. Ga2O3 induces interface electron delocalization through p-d orbital hybridization, optimizes the reaction kinetics, and simultaneously acts as a physical barrier layer to inhibit Cl ‑ corrosion, thereby endowing the catalyst with high activity, high selectivity and high stability.

Anti-inflammatory agents, antioxidants, electronic devices, batteries, capacitors, lubricants, coatings and paints, each containing a newly discovered allotrope of carbon having a multilayered nanocarbon array, and which exhibits, among other properties, exceptional stability, electrical conductivity and electromagnetic frequency (emf) attenuation characteristics. Members of this new allotrope include nanocarbon structures possessing vast electron delocalization in multiple directions, unavailable to known fullerene-characterized materials like carbon nano-onions (CNOs), multiwalled carbon nano-tubes (MWNTs), graphene, carbon nano-horns, and carbon nano-ellipsoids. Such stabilizing electron delocalization crosses or proceeds between layers, as well as along layers, in multiple directions within a continuous cyclic structure having an advanced interlayer connectivity bonding system involving the whole carbon array, apart from incidental defects.

The invention discloses a hexabenzocoronene molecule, a synthesis method thereof and an application of the hexabenzocoronene molecule in an electroluminescent device, and belongs to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials. According to the invention, hole injection can be effectively improved through stacking of the hexabenzoquinone molecules and pi electron delocalization with large center and strong plane, so that the efficiency of a device doped with the molecules is greatly improved compared with that of a non-doped contrast device, the method is a new way for improving hole injection, and the molecules have the advantages of easy synthesis, low cost and high yield.

The invention discloses a fully-conjugated covalent organic framework material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of covalent organic framework materials.The fully-conjugated covalent organic framework material is prepared by the steps that a monomer A with an Ar1 structure and a monomer B with an Ar2 structure are subjected to a coupling reaction to construct an sp2 carbon bond; a solvothermal method is adopted for polymerization to obtain the carbon-carbon connection full-conjugate covalent organic framework with different structures, the material structure is novel, and the reaction has the characteristics of unique synthesis mechanism and high yield. Different from covalent organic framework materials connected by reversible covalent bonds such as boron-oxygen bonds and imine bonds, the sp2 carbon conjugated framework has the advantage of high stability, and has larger electron delocalization and adjustable porosity, so that the material shows excellent crystallinity, stability and photoelectric property, and the material has a wide application prospect. The application in the fields of photoelectric devices, adsorption, catalysis, sensors, energy storage and conversion, gas storage and separation, nanofiltration materials and the like can be realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of materials and advanced oxidation, and particularly relates to a phenanthroline-containing pyrenyl 2D covalent organic framework material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the covalent organic framework material is synthesized by taking 1, 3, 6, 8-tetra-(p-aminophenyl)-pyrene and 4, 4 '-(1, 10-phenanthroline-3, 8-diyl) dibenzaldehyde as precursors through Schiff base condensation reaction. According to the COFs material synthesized by the invention, on the basis of containing phenanthroline, by increasing benzene rings, regulation and control on covalent organic framework electron delocalization on the molecular level are realized, so that the capability of activating PMS to degrade organic pollutants is enhanced, and the COFs material is suitable for not only the organic pollutant bisphenol A, but also the organic pollutant PMS. The COFs prepared by the method also has an excellent degradation effect on other organic pollutants such as sulfadiazine and atrazine, and in addition, the COFs also has good cycle stability and does not generate secondary pollution.

The present invention discloses a method for efficiently synthesizing urea from carbon dioxide and nitrogen based on electron cluster-induced precipitation technology, which relates to the field of electrocatalysis technology and comprises the following steps: S1, catalyst preparation; including precursor preparation and crystallization-pyrolysis process; S2, electrocatalytic urea synthesis experiment; including experimental device construction, electrolyte and gas supply, and electrochemical testing; S3, reaction mechanism analysis; in the present invention, the CoN3-CoAC / NC electrocatalyst constructed by the crystallization-pyrolysis route has an electron precipitation effect generated by the strong coupling of its Co clusters with the Co-N3 sites, which promotes d orbital charge redistribution, optimizes the reactant adsorption configuration, reduces the C-N coupling barrier, improves intrinsic activity and accelerates reaction kinetics; the electron delocalization design based on the CoN3-CoAC / NC system breaks the symmetrical electronic arrangement of the reactants, promotes electron transfer, and realizes effective urea electrosynthesis; and the CoN3-CoAC / NC catalyst exhibits excellent NRR and CO2RR performance.

The invention discloses a polyimide Schiff base polymer containing a thiophene structure and application of the polyimide Schiff base polymer in a lithium ion battery, and belongs to the technical field of organic electrode materials of the lithium ion battery. The structural general formula of the polyimide Schiff base polymer containing the thiophene structure is shown in the specification. By introducing a thiophene ring, a main chain pi conjugated structure is remarkably expanded, the electron delocalization degree is enhanced, and the intrinsic electron conductivity and the interface charge transmission capacity of the material are improved by utilizing the high polarizability of sulfur atoms and the characteristic that p orbits participate in conjugation; meanwhile, imide carbonyl and a Schiff base C = N bond in the material are main lithium storage active sites, and a thiophene conjugated unit is beneficial to electron transmission and structural stability, so that the material is endowed with relatively high specific capacity, excellent rate capability and cycling stability. The material has the advantages of simple synthesis method, easily available raw materials and stable structure, and is suitable for being used as a high-performance lithium ion battery organic negative electrode material.

The invention provides a tin and indium extraction agent and a method for extracting and separating tin and indium from a tin and indium-containing solution, and relates to the technical field of extraction and separation. The invention provides a tin and indium extracting agent. The tin and indium extracting agent comprises D2EHPA, n-alkane and sulfonated kerosene, the number of carbon atoms of n-alkane is greater than or equal to 7. According to the tin-indium extracting agent provided by the invention, the vibration degree of freedom of a P-OH group in D2EHPA is limited through a steric hindrance effect on the basis of a rigid microenvironment provided by long straight-chain n-alkane, an intermolecular hydrogen bond network is formed, so that D2EHPA shows high-selectivity binding capacity to indium ions, and the extraction activity of D2EHPA to the indium ions is improved; through hydrophobic interaction of n-alkanes, the electron delocalization effect of P = O in D2EHPA molecules is weakened, the extraction activity of D2EHPA on tin ions is reduced, the co-extraction phenomenon of tin and indium in the prior art is avoided, and high-selectivity extraction separation and recovery of indium ions and tin ions in a tin-indium complex system are achieved.

The application discloses a kind of containing bio-based furan ring polysiloxane fluorescent material and preparation method thereof, belong to polymer luminescent material field.In the application, different silane coupling agent, bio-based 2,5-furan dimethyl alcohol and different carbon chain length aliphatic dihydric alcohol are prepared to polysiloxane fluorescent material by ester exchange polycondensation reaction.In the application, by adjusting the molar ratio of rigid 2,5-furan dimethyl alcohol and aliphatic dihydric alcohol monomer, and the kind of silane coupling agent and aliphatic dihydric alcohol monomer, different structure containing bio-based furan ring polysiloxane fluorescent material is prepared;Bio-based 2,5-furan dimethyl alcohol introduced in the application, not only can adjust the rigidity and flexibility of polysiloxane structure, but also can promote the formation of space n-n and n-pi interaction, expand the range of electron delocalization, make its emission wavelength red shift to green fluorescent range (500nm-570nm);Simple synthesis process is conducive to large-scale production.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an NDI-NiFe-MOF nano array material, which comprises the following steps: adding ethanol, water and N, N-dimethyl diamide into nickel nitrate, ferric chloride and N, N-bis (3-carboxyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4, 5, 8-naphthalene tetradicarboximide; performing ultrasonic oscillation, and adding foamed nickel for reaction; and filtering, washing and drying. A unique nanoflower structure is formed by the material, so that the contact area with an electrolyte is increased, an ultra-large aperture, more metal active sites and a high specific surface area are provided, and the capacity of the electrode material can be enhanced; and in a long-cycle test, excellent stability is still kept, which is benefited from the unique rigid macrocyclic core structure of H4NDISA. The NDI unit has excellent electron affinity and oxidation-reduction performance, stable free radicals are generated in the reversible oxidation-reduction process, electron delocalization and efficient transmission are achieved through pi-pi accumulation, and high electrochemical performance is achieved.

The invention discloses a polycyclic fusion molecule containing a boron-nitrogen coordination bond, a preparation method of the polycyclic fusion molecule and application of the polycyclic fusion molecule in an organic solar cell cathode interface layer, and belongs to the field of organic photoelectric functional materials. The structural formula of the polycyclic fusion molecule containing the boron-nitrogen coordination bond is # imgabs0 #. The polycyclic fusion molecule containing the boron-nitrogen coordination bond prepared by the invention has good skeleton dipole moment and n-type semiconductor characteristics, not only can transmit electrons, but also can induce to generate an interface dipole between a metal cathode and an active layer, so that the interface contact is improved, the interface resistance is reduced, the interface electron extraction and transmission efficiency is improved, and the service life of the polycyclic fusion molecule is prolonged. And the performance of the device is not sensitive to the thickness of the interface layer, high performance can be shown in an enlarged film thickness range (10-100 nm), and the technical problems that electron delocalization of the cathode interface layer of the organic solar cell is limited and the performance is sensitive to the thickness of the interface layer in the prior art are solved.

This invention provides a metal covalent organic framework material and its preparation method, as well as a positive electrode sheet for a lithium-air battery, belonging to the field of lithium-air battery technology. The metal covalent organic framework material represented by Formula I is a one-dimensional metal covalent organic framework material, avoiding the problem of insufficient utilization of active sites within a two-dimensional layered structure, thus improving the discharge specific capacity and cycle stability of the lithium-air battery. In Formula I, the electronegativity of the two nitrogen atoms in the two pyridine rings induces local positive charges at the M center, forming strong Lewis acid sites. Simultaneously, ligand-metal charge transfer enhances the conductivity and electron delocalization of the active sites in the metal covalent organic framework material, improving the discharge specific capacity of the lithium-air battery. Furthermore, the M atoms are anchored to the metal covalent organic framework material framework through coordination bonds, maintaining the active site density and structural integrity of the metal covalent organic framework material, thereby improving the cycle stability of the lithium-air battery.

The invention discloses a cyclic nitroxide free radical compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flow battery electrolyte materials. According to the cyclic nitroxide free radical compound disclosed by the invention, functional groups are introduced to positions 3 and 5 of a ring structure of the cyclic nitroxide free radical compound to form a synergistic coupling effect with a traditional functional group at a position 4, so that the electron delocalization range of the cyclic structure is expanded, the electron cloud distribution of the cyclic structure is regulated and controlled, and the effect that traditional cyclic nitroxide free radicals are in the position 3, 5 of the cyclic nitroxide free radical compound can be effectively inhibited. According to the invention, molecular structure disproportionation, decomposition and ring-opening reactions caused by Michael addition are carried out at the site 5 and the site 5, and a water-soluble functional group can be further introduced, so that the solubility, the energy density, the electrochemical cycle stability and other properties of the compound as an aqueous battery electrolyte material can be effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and provides a method for modifying a covalent triazine framework by using small molecules and application of the covalent triazine framework. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out cyclotrimerization reaction on terephthalonitrile under an acid catalysis condition to prepare a covalent triazine framework CTF-1, and covalently grafting micromolecule 2-cyanopyridine or 2-cyanothiophene to the tail end nitrile group of the CTF-1 under the acid catalysis condition by taking the residual nitrile group at the tail end of the CTF-1 as a site to carry out end capping, thereby obtaining the micromolecule modified covalent triazine framework CTF-Cy or CTF-Th. The covalent triazine framework modified by micromolecules enhances pi-conjugation and electron delocalization in a molecular plane and forms a built-in polarization field while maintaining high crystallinity and pore integrity of the framework, so that the separation and transmission efficiency of photon-generated carriers is remarkably improved, efficient and stable photocatalytic reduction of U (VI) is realized, and the covalent triazine framework modified by micromolecules has a good application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of perovskite solar cells, and particularly relates to a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method. The perovskite solar cell comprises a hole transport layer, the hole transport layer is doped with N1, N1, N4, N4-tetra (4-bromophenyl) benzene-1, 4-diamine containing a plurality of aromatic rings to serve as a bridging agent, due to the small molecule flexibility, the hole transport layer can be inserted between 2, 2 ', 7, 7'-tetra [N, N-di (4-methoxyphenyl) amino]-9, 9 '-spirobifluorene molecules, the hole transport path is shortened, and the hole transport efficiency is improved. The transition potential barrier is reduced; and the electron delocalization degree of the bridging agent is relatively high, so that hole transport can be promoted by doping, a carrier transport path is optimized, the conductivity of the material is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device is improved. Components in the hole transport layer are tightly and orderly arranged, so that bidirectional improvement of efficiency and stability is realized.

The invention discloses a secondary battery and a power utilization device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries, according to a compound with a structure shown in a formula I, one lithium ion in lithium squarate is replaced with a neutral molecule (namely R1), the electronegativity of squaric acid radicals can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, steric hindrance between the lithium ion and the squaric acid radicals is increased, and the stability of the lithium ion and the squaric acid radicals is improved. The binding capacity of squaric acid radicals to lithium ions is effectively reduced, the oxidation stability of a squaric acid radical framework is enhanced, the gas production problem is relieved, the lithium supplementing effect is effectively improved, lithium ions lost due to irreversible reaction are supplemented, and pi electrons in molecules are not limited to a certain atom due to electron delocalization caused by an annular structure of the squaric acid radicals. Compared with the prior art, the negative ions are free to move in the whole conjugated system, so that the local charge density of the negative ions is reduced, the thermodynamic stability is enhanced, the growth of lithium dendrites is effectively inhibited, the continuous decomposition of the electrolyte is prevented, the cycle performance and storage performance of the secondary battery are effectively improved, and the impedance is reduced.

A method for preparing and applying a tantalum, niobium, magnesium, cerium, lanthanum high-entropy alloy / niobium titanate two-phase heterogeneous material, belonging to the field of secondary batteries, comprises the following steps: preparing a compacted titanium niobate electrode using a conventional high-temperature solid-phase method and a tablet pressing and sintering method; and electrolyzing the tantalum, niobium, magnesium, cerium, lanthanum high-entropy alloy / niobium titanate two-phase heterogeneous material using graphite as the anode, a tabletted niobium titanate material as the cathode, and a chloride molten salt as the electrolyte in a tube furnace. This method is the first to prepare a tantalum, niobium, magnesium, cerium, lanthanum high-entropy alloy / niobium titanate two-phase heterogeneous material. The introduced metal alloy improves the bulk electronic conductivity of the niobium titanate material, and the band structure rearrangement and electron delocalization at the interface between the two phases enhance the adsorption of solvated lithium on the material surface, improves surface / near-surface charge exchange reactions, and reduces the diffusion barrier at the lithium ion interface, significantly improving the initial coulombic efficiency and low-temperature cycling stability of the composite niobium titanate material as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries.